Acculturation, Gender, and Active Life Expectancy in the Mexican-Origin Population

Objective—This study examines the potential effects of nativity and acculturation on active life expectancy (ALE) among Mexican-origin elders. Method—We employ 17 years of data from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly to calculate ALE at age 65 with and without disabilities. Results—Native-born males and foreign-born females spend a larger fraction of their elderly years with activities of daily living (ADL) disability. Conversely, both foreign-born males and females spend a larger fraction of their remaining years with instrumental activities of daily life (IADL) disability than the native-born. In descriptive analysis, women with low acculturation report higher ADL and IADL disability. Men manifest similar patterns for IADLs. Discussion—Although foreign-born elders live slightly longer lives, they do so with more years spent in a disabled state. Given the rapid aging of the Mexican-origin population, the prevention and treatment of disabilities, particularly among the foreign born, should be a major public health priority

Procedimientos de Control Interno Administrativo y Financiero en la empresa Exportadora Atlantic S.A. en el municipio de Matagalpa en el I semestre del año 2011

El contenido de este documento son los procedimientos de Control Interno administrativo y financiero de Exportadora Atlantic S.A. en el primer semestre del año 2011, con el propósito de evaluar la aplicabilidad de dicha temática en la empresa antes mencionada. La importancia de la temática recae en lo útil que son los procedimientos de Control Interno para hacer que la empresa opere de manera correcta, que además, genere información más confiable, evite o detecte errores y fraudes, cumpla con las leyes y reglamentos, y que su personal se adhiera a las políticas y procedimientos establecidos dentro de la empresa. Por otro lado los beneficios que trae a futuros profesionales como bibliografía de consulta en la UNAN, a la empresa al contar con una manual de Control Interno que contribuya con la óptima operatividad de sus procesos y a los autores mismos con el consolidación de información de este tipo en su ámbito profesional. El proceso investigativo dio como resultado la elaboración de un Manual de Control Interno basado en el modelo COSO, para dicha exportadora, debido a que en la evaluación se logró constatar que es una empresa con controles fuertes, salvo por no tener dichos controles como una norma en un documento escrito que les permitiera aplicarlo como tal y algunos controles establecidos por el modelo mencionado que están en proceso de adaptación. Por otro lado algunos componentes del Control Interno propuestos por el modelo COSO están aún en proceso de creación, por lo que en ese sentido tiene que mejorar sus sistemas de control una vez implementado el manual, para complementar y solidificar el Control Interno actua

When is |C(X x Y)| = |C(X)||C(Y)|?

Sufficient conditions on the Tychonoff spaces X and Y are found that imply that the equation in the title holds. Sufficient conditions on the Tychonoff space X are found that ensure that the equation holds for every Tychonoff space Y . A series of examples (some using rather sophisticated cardinal arithmetic) are given that witness that these results cannot be generalized much

Neurocysticercosis in Oregon, 1995–2000

The unexpected death of a teenager from neurocysticercosis prompted an investigation of this disease in Oregon. We found 89 hospitalizations, 43 newly diagnosed cases, and 6 deaths from 1995 to 2000. At least five cases occurred in persons who had not traveled or lived outside the United States. Enhanced surveillance for neurocysticercosis is warranted

U.S. Physician-Scientist Workforce in the 21st Century: Recommendations to Attract and Sustain the Pipeline

The U.S. physician-scientist (PS) workforce is invaluable to the nation's biomedical research effort. It is through biomedical research that certain diseases have been eliminated, cures for others have been discovered, and medical procedures and therapies that save lives have been developed. Yet, the U.S. PS workforce has both declined and aged over the last several years. The resulting decreased inflow and outflow to the PS pipeline renders the system vulnerable to collapsing suddenly as the senior workforce retires. In November 2015, the Alliance for Academic Internal Medicine hosted a consensus conference on the PS workforce to address issues impacting academic medical schools, with input from early-career PSs based on their individual experiences and concerns. One of the goals of the conference was to identify current impediments in attracting and supporting PSs and to develop a new set of recommendations for sustaining the PS workforce in 2016 and beyond. This Perspective reports on the opportunities and factors identified at the conference and presents five recommendations designed to increase entry into the PS pipeline and nine recommendations designed to decrease attrition from the PS workflow

iPSCORE: A Resource of 222 iPSC Lines Enabling Functional Characterization of Genetic Variation across a Variety of Cell Types.

Large-scale collections of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) could serve as powerful model systems for examining how genetic variation affects biology and disease. Here we describe the iPSCORE resource: a collection of systematically derived and characterized iPSC lines from 222 ethnically diverse individuals that allows for both familial and association-based genetic studies. iPSCORE lines are pluripotent with high genomic integrity (no or low numbers of somatic copy-number variants) as determined using high-throughput RNA-sequencing and genotyping arrays, respectively. Using iPSCs from a family of individuals, we show that iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes demonstrate gene expression patterns that cluster by genetic background, and can be used to examine variants associated with physiological and disease phenotypes. The iPSCORE collection contains representative individuals for risk and non-risk alleles for 95% of SNPs associated with human phenotypes through genome-wide association studies. Our study demonstrates the utility of iPSCORE for examining how genetic variants influence molecular and physiological traits in iPSCs and derived cell lines

Disability and the Immigrant Health Paradox: Gender and Timing of Migration

Although research has documented better health and longer life expectancy among the foreign-born relative to their U.S.-born counterparts, the U.S. Mexican-origin immigrant population is diverse and the healthy immigrant effect likely varies by key structural and demographic factors such as gender, migration history, and duration in the United States. Using a life course framework, we use data from the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (H-EPESE 1993–2013) which includes Mexican-American individuals aged 65 and older to assess the heterogeneity in the immigrant health advantage by age of migration and gender. We find that age of migration is an important delineating factor for disability among both men and women. The healthy immigrant hypothesis is only observable among mid- and late-life migrant men for ADL disability. While among immigrant women, late-life migrants are more likely to have an IADL disability putting them at a health disadvantage. These findings illustrate that Mexican immigrants are not a homogeneous group and migrant health selectivity depends on both gender and when migrants arrived in the United States

Amine-responsive bilayer films with improved illumination stability and electrochemical writing property for visual monitoring of meat spoilage

Amine-responsive bilayer films were developed by using agar (AG), anthocyanins (AN), gellan gum (GG) and TiO2 nanoparticles for visual monitoring of meat spoilage. The AG-AN layer worked as the sensing layer to volatile amines, while GG-TiO2 layer served as the light barrier layer and simultaneously the conducting layer to improve the illumination stability and electrochemical writing ability of the AG-AN layer, respectively. The Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra indicated the successful fabrication of bilayer films. Illumination experiments showed that the incorporation of TiO2 in the GG-TiO2 layer significantly improved the illumination stability of AN in the AG-AN layer. Meanwhile, electrochemical writing process could be easily conducted on the AG-AN layer in the presence of GG-TiO2 layer, indicating the feasibility of ink-free printing on bilayer biopolymer films. The AG-AN/GG-2%TiO2 film presented a limit of detection of 0.018 mM to trimethylamine (TMA), a typical basic gas generated during meat spoilage. Based on its good illumination stability and sensing ability to basic gases, the AG-AN/GG-2%TiO2 film exhibited rose red-to-green color changes along with the spoilage of pork and silver carp, indicating its great potential for monitoring meat spoilage in intelligent food packaging

Circulating Strains of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Central and South America

Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is a major cause of viral lower respiratory tract infections among infants and young children. HRSV strains vary genetically and antigenically and have been classified into two broad subgroups, A and B (HRSV-A and HRSV-B, respectively). To date, little is known about the circulating strains of HRSV in Latin America. We have evaluated the genetic diversity of 96 HRSV strains by sequencing a variable region of the G protein gene of isolates collected from 2007 to 2009 in Central and South America. Our results show the presence of the two antigenic subgroups of HRSV during this period with the majority belonging to the genotype HRSV-A2