La influencia de la actividad física en la fluidez cognitiva en niños de 10 a 12 años

La fluidez cognitiva es la capacidad mental que permite producir un cierto número de soluciones ante un determinado problema. Las personas que tienen una gran fluidez cognitiva son capaces de resolver el mismo problema de muchas maneras diferentes. Esta capacidad nos ayuda a elegir la solución más adecuada a nuestras necesidades. Uno de los factores que influyen su desarrollo es la experiencia vivida ante diferentes situaciones que hemos tenido que enfrentar con anterioridad. Esta experiencia generalmente requiere alguna actividad motora, por lo tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar si existe una relación entre la fluidez cognitiva y la cantidad de actividad física realizada por los niños en los cursos finales de educación primaria. En este estudio participaron 117 estudiantes, 64 niños y 53 niñas, con edades comprendidas entre 10 y 12 años, de una escuela de educación primaria de enseñanza pública en la ciudad de Málaga (España). Para la evaluación de la fluidez cognitiva, se utilizó la forma B de la Prueba de pensamiento creativo de Torrance (TTCT). El cuestionario del Perfil de Actividad Juvenil (YAP) se utilizó para estimar la cantidad de actividad física que los niños hacen normalmente. Otras variables antropométricas como la altura, el peso y el índice de masa corporal (IMC) se calcularon mediante un estadiómetro y técnicas de bioimpedancia. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron diferencias significativas en la fluidez cognitiva entre los niños que realizaron una actividad física baja en comparación con aquellos que realizaron la mayor cantidad de actividad física. Podemos decir que la práctica de actividad física habitual puede ser un elemento que favorece la fluidez cognitiva que se desarrolla durante la infancia. Se requiere investigación adicional para comprender qué factores pueden determinar el nivel de desarrollo de capacidades cognitivas durante la infancia y cuáles son las formas más efectivas de mejorarlas.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte a través de las ayudas para la Formación de Profesorado Universitario (FPU17/01554)

Fruit splitting in 'Nova' hybrid mandarin in relation to the anatomy of the fruit and fruit set treatments

Fruil splining in the mandarin orange cultivar ‘Nova’ is related lo lhe prescnce of an open stylar end in lhe fruit This opening arises from a cavily present at lhe base of lhe style, and is formed in a varjable proportion of fruits. The edis at lhe boltom of lhis styie cavily form a rind-lilce lissue which develop into a navel struclure. The size ofthis nave! is larger in open-slylar end bearing fruits and, according!y, ia sp!it fruil. The number of split fruil per tree is unrelaled to lhe number of fruit set. The application of gibberel!ic acid (GA,) has a variable effect on set and splitting depending on its timing. This hormone increases fruit sp!ilting when app!ied aI flowering, bel reduces it when applied shortly afler lhe end of lhe June drop. Ilhas on!y a minor effect on fruit seI

Association between sleep-disordered breathing and breast cancer aggressiveness

Background Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) has been associated with cancer aggressiveness, but studies focused on specific tumors are lacking. In this pilot study we investigated whether SDB is associated with breast cancer (BC) aggressiveness. Methods 83 consecutive women <65 years diagnosed with primary BC underwent a home respiratory polygraphy. Markers of SDB severity included the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and the 4% oxygen desaturation index (ODI4). The Ki67 proliferation index, lack of hormone receptors (HR-), Nottingham Histological Grade (NHG), and tumor stage were used as markers of BC aggressiveness. The association between SDB and molecular subtypes of BC was also assessed. Results The mean (SD) age was 48.8 (8.8) years and body mass index was 27.4 (5.4) Kg/m2. 42 women (50.6%) were post-menopausal. The median (IQR) AHI was 5.1 (2–9.4), and ODI4 was 1.5 (0.5–5.8). The median (IQR) AHI did not differ between the groups with Ki67>28% and Ki6728% and Ki67<29% (51.2% vs 52.3%, p = 0.90), HR- and HR+ (58.3% vs 49.1%, p = 0.47), NHG categories (p = 0.89), different tumor stages (p = 0.71), or molecular subtypes (p = 0.73). These results did not change when the ODI4 was used instead of the AHI. Conclusion Our results do not support an association between the presence or severity of SDB and BC aggressiveness.Asociación de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica del Sur (NEUMOSUR) 1/201

A Semantic Scraping Model for Web Resources - Applying Linked Data to Web Page Screen Scraping

In spite of the increasing presence of Semantic Web Facilities, only a limited amount of the available resources in the Internet provide a semantic access. Recent initiatives such as the emerging Linked Data Web are providing semantic access to available data by porting existing resources to the semantic web using different technologies, such as database-semantic mapping and scraping. Nevertheless, existing scraping solutions are based on ad-hoc solutions complemented with graphical interfaces for speeding up the scraper development. This article proposes a generic framework for web scraping based on semantic technologies. This framework is structured in three levels: scraping services, semantic scraping model and syntactic scraping. The first level provides an interface to generic applications or intelligent agents for gathering information from the web at a high level. The second level defines a semantic RDF model of the scraping process, in order to provide a declarative approach to the scraping task. Finally, the third level provides an implementation of the RDF scraping model for specific technologies. The work has been validated in a scenario that illustrates its application to mashup technologie

Gender Differences in Cooperation: Experimental Evidence on High School Students

Charles Darwin (1874) stated that women are less selfish but men are more competitive. Very recent papers (Eckel & Grossman, 1998, 2001 or Andreoni and Vesterlund 2001, among others) have shown the relevance of gender in altruism in both ultimatum and dictator games. In this paper we analyze the role of gender in repeated Prisoners' Dilemma played by Spanish high-school students in both a square lattice and a heterogeneous network. We find that female students have a higher probability of cooperation than male students

Relationship between the place of living and mortality in patients with advanced heart failure

Social and environmental factors in advanced heart failure (HF) patients may be crucial to cope with the end stages of the disease. This study analyzes health inequalities and mortality according to place of residence (rural vs urban) in HF patients at advanced stages of the disease. Population-based cohort study including 1148 adult patients with HF attended in 279 primary care centers. Patients were followed for at least 1 year after reaching New York Heart Association IV functional class, between 2010 and 2014. Data came from primary care electronic medical records. Cox regression models were applied to determine the hazard ratios (HR) of mortality. Mean age was 81.6 (SD 8.9) years, and 62% were women. Patients in rural areas were older, particularly women aged > 74 years (p = 0.036), and presented lower comorbidity. Mortality percentages were 59 and 51% among rural and urban patients, respectively (p = 0.030). Urban patients living in the most socio-economically deprived neighborhoods presented the highest rate of health service utilization, particularly with primary care nurses (p-trend < 0.001). Multivariate analyses confirmed that men (HR 1.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.34-1.90), older patients (HR 1.05, 95% CI 1.04-1.06), Charlson comorbidity index (HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.11-1.22), and residing in rural areas (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.67) was associated with higher mortality risk. Living in rural areas determines an increased risk of mortality in patients at final stages of heart failure

Microconformado de Materiales Metálicos mediante Pulsos Láser en el Dominio de ns

La demanda de miniaturización introducida, entre otros, por la industria de fabricación de MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems), hace necesario caracterizar y validar los procesos que emplean el láser en el microconformado de materiales metálicos a escala submilimétrica. Como alternativa al microconformado térmico, que hace uso de las deformaciones de origen térmico inducidas por la radiación láser, el microconformado mediante pulsos láser en el dominio de ns hace posible el conformado de materiales metálicos manteniendo, o incluso mejorando, las propiedades mecánicas de los mismos debido a la inducción de tensiones residuales de compresión en la superficie de la pieza tratada. Se presenta en este trabajo el estudio teórico y experimental del microconformado láser mediante la caracterización de diversas pruebas elementales. Miniaturization of components demanded by MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) industry, makes necessary the validation of the manufacturing processes applied to submillimetric metallic materials in which laser is used. As an alternative to thermal microforming in which laser induced thermal fields are responsible for the forming phenomena, the use of ns laser pulses makes possible microforming of metallic materials preserving, or even improving, their mechanical properties, due to the induction of residual stresses in the surface. In the present paper experimental tests and FEM simulation results on nanosecond time scale laser microforming are presented

Operations Management at the service of health care management: Example of a proposal for action research to plan and schedule health resources in scenarios derived from the COVID-19 outbreak

[EN] With this work, we intend to promote research on the application of Operations Management tools in order to assist with decision-making in health crisis situations. During the first six weeks of the COVID-19 crisis in Spain, we have contacted a large number of hospital and health department managers in the Valencian Community and other regions of Spain. The result is that very few, at least when contact was made and at the time of writing this article, had consulted staff members in the Operations Management area for advice on this situation, and they are quite reluctant to do so. This is in spite of the fact that some medical sources also consider this crisis to be one of resources, not merely a medical crisis. Our opinion is that Operations Management can make a useful and valuable contribution to anticipate and improve the management of scarce resources, even in times of crisis. If those responsible for public health or heads of hospitals do not see this usefulness, then there is a huge gap between research and practice in Operations Management and what is transmitted to the healthcare sector. Our aim is to help reduce this gap.Marin-Garcia, JA.; García Sabater, JP.; Ruiz, A.; Maheut, J.; García Sabater, JJ. (2020). Operations Management at the service of health care management: Example of a proposal for action research to plan and schedule health resources in scenarios derived from the COVID-19 outbreak. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management. 13(2):213-227. https://doi.org/10.3926/jiem.3190S21322713

Análisis del comportamiento de los gases de escape del vehículo nissan sentra wagon previo a la revisión técnica vehicular

En este artículo se presenta el comportamiento de los gases de escape de un vehículo en función del adelanto al encendido, para cumplir los parámetros establecidos por la normativa INEN 2204. Con ello se busca disminuir al mínimo la contaminación producida por la combustión interna en el motor y de esta manera aprobar la revisión técnica vehicular. Se realizaron 6 pruebas, para conocer en que ángulo de encendido el motor emite la menor cantidad de gases contaminantes. Se obtuvo como resultado que a 1°, próximo al Punto Muerto Superior (PMS), las emisiones se encuentran dentro de lo establecido en la norma INEN 2204