La microscopía y el cuero

Se efectúa una reseña de las particulares ventajas que ofrece el uso del microscopio para el estudio de diversos problemas vinculados a la tecnología del cuero. El trabajo comprende cuatro capítulos, en los que se hace referencia a los métodos de evaluación microscópica, al estudio y calidad de la materia prima piel, a la calidad de cueros y control de procesos, y, finalmente, al estudio de los defectos de pieles y cueros.The use of the microscope and the interpretation of observations made with it are described in this paper. Leather microscopy is considered under four broad headings microscopical assessment methods; the quality of raw hides and skins; the control of different processes and the quality of the final leather; and microscopy of hide and leather faùlts

Experimental VLE data of methyl acetate or ethyl acetate + 1-butanol at 0.6 MPa. Predictions with Peng-Robinson EOS and group contribution models

Vapor-liquid equilibrium data were obtained with a stainless steel ebulliometer at 0.6 MPa for methyl acetate + 1-butanol and ethyl acetate + 1-butanol. The experimental data for the binary systems were tested and verified thermodynamically, showed positive consistency when the point-to-point test of Van Nesswas applied. The group contribution models ASO Gand three versions of the UNIFAC were applied to calculate the vapor-liquid equilibrium data and after, these values were compared to the experimental data.The approach f-f was applied by using the Peng-Robinson equation of state, the classical attractive term was employed. The quadratic and Wong-Sandler mixing rules were verified and the adjustable parameter of Stryjek-Vera was also applied

Comparative analysis and fusion of spatiotemporal information for footstep recognition

Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. R. Vera-Rodriguez, J. S. D. Mason, J. Fierrez, and J. Ortega-Garcia, "Comparative analysis and fusion of spatiotemporal information for footstep recognition", Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transaction, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 823-834, August 2012Footstep recognition is a relatively new biometric which aims to discriminate people using walking characteristics extracted from floor-based sensors. This paper reports for the first time a comparative assessment of the spatiotemporal information contained in the footstep signals for person recognition. Experiments are carried out on the largest footstep database collected to date, with almost 20,000 valid footstep signals and more than 120 people. Results show very similar performance for both spatial and temporal approaches (5 to 15 percent EER depending on the experimental setup), and a significant improvement is achieved for their fusion (2.5 to 10 percent EER). The assessment protocol is focused on the influence of the quantity of data used in the reference models, which serves to simulate conditions of different potential applications such as smart homes or security access scenarios.Ruben Vera-Rodriguez, Julian Fierrez and Javier Ortega Garcia are supported by projects Contexts (S2009/TIC-1485), Bio-Challenge (TEC2009-11186), TeraSense (CSD2008-00068) and ‘Catedra UAM-Telefonica’

Embryonic Organ Transplantation: The New Era of Xenotransplantation

Here, we review the recent advances towards the use of organs from embryonic donors, antecedent investigations, and the latest work from our own laboratory exploring the utility for transplantation of embryonic kidney as an organ replacement therapy. In addition, we have recently reported, for the first time, that it is possible to create a long-term biobank of kidney precursors as an unlimited source of organs for xenotransplantation, facilitating inventory control and the distribution of organs

Use of nanomaterials to conserve the stone of the Roman Theatre of Cartagena

[EN] The Roman Theatre of Cartagena is an important example of the monumental architecture of Hispania. Various types of local stone were used in its construction, including a type of sandstone known as Tabaire. This paper describes the physical characteristics of Tabaire. We also identify its deterioration patterns and study its consolidation using lime nanoparticles and silicon dioxide (ethyl silicate). Initial analyses using the imaging techniques Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Tomography (CT) show that it is an extremely porous, soft stone. The effectiveness of the consolidating treatments was verified using non-destructive methods based on identifying dispersion and penetrability in the substrate (OM and SEM) and detecting colour variation (CIE-L*a*b*) or minimally destructive methods, such as the peeling test and Shore-D hardness, to determine their effect on the characteristics of the material.[ES] El Teatro de Cartagena es un importante exponente de la arquitectura monumental de la Hispania romana. Para su construcción fueron utilizados diversos pétreos locales, entre ellos una arenisca conocida como Tabaire. Este artículo tiene como objetivo la caracterización física del Tabaire, así como la identificación de sus formas de deterioro y el estudio de su consolidación mediante nanopartículas de cal y de dióxido de silicio (silicato de etilo). Los análisis iniciales mediante técnicas de imagen como la Microscopía Óptica (OM), Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido (SEM) y Tomografía de Rayos X (CT) muestran que es una roca de elevada porosidad y escasa dureza. La eficacia de los tratamientos consolidantes se comprobó mediante métodos no destructivos, basados en la identificación de la dispersión y penetrabilidad en el sustrato (OM y SEM) y en la detección de la variación del color (CIE-L*a*b*), o mínimamente destructivos, como el peeling test y la dureza Shore-D, para conocer su incidencia en las características del material.Navarro-Moreno, D.; Martínez-Arredondo, A.; García-Vera, VE.; Lanzón, M. (2023). Uso de nanomateriales para la conservación de la piedra del Teatro Romano de Cartagena. Loggia, Arquitectura & Restauración. (36):106-119. https://doi.org/10.4995/loggia.2023.193601061193

A novel approach of gait recognition through fusion with footstep information

Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. R. Vera-Rodríguez, J. Fiérrez, J. S.D. Mason, J. Ortega-García, "A novel approach of gait recognition through fusion with footstep information" in International Conference on Biometrics (ICB), Madrid (Spain), 2013, 1-6This paper is focused on two biometric modes which are very linked together: gait and footstep biometrics. Footstep recognition is a relatively new biometric based on signals extracted from floor sensors, while gait has been more researched and it is based on video sequences of people walking. This paper reports a directly comparative assessment of both biometrics using the same database (SFootBD) and experimental protocols. A fusion of the two modes leads to an enhanced gait recognition performance, as the information from both modes comes from different capturing devices and is not very correlated. This fusion could find application in indoor scenarios where a gait recognition system is present, such as in security access (e.g. security gate at airports) or smart homes. Gait and footstep systems achieve results of 8.4% and 10.7% EER respectively, which can be significantly improved to 4.8% EER with their fusion at the score level into a walking biometric.This work has been partially supported by projects Bio-Shield (TEC2012-34881), Contexts (S2009/TIC-1485), TeraSense (CSD2008-00068) and “Cátedra UAM-Telefónica”

Analysis of time domain information for footstep recognition

The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17289-2_47Proceedings of 6th International Symposium, ISVC 2010, Las Vegas, NV, (USA)This paper reports an experimental analysis of footsteps as a biometric. The focus here is on information extracted from the time domain of signals collected from an array of piezoelectric sensors. Results are related to the largest footstep database collected to date, with almost 20,000 valid footstep signals and more than 120 persons, which is well beyond previous related databases. Three feature approaches have been extracted, the popular ground reaction force (GRF), the spatial average and the upper and lower contours of the pressure signals. Experimental work is based on a verification mode with a holistic approach based on PCA and SVM, achieving results in the range of 5 to 15% EER depending on the experimental conditions of quantity of data used in the reference models.R.V.-R., J.F. and J.O.-G. are supported by projects Contexts (S2009/TIC-1485), Bio-Challenge (TEC2009-11186), TeraSense (CSD2008-00068) and "Cátedra UAM-Telefónica"

Global ecological predictors of the soil priming effect.

Identifying the global drivers of soil priming is essential to understanding C cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. We conducted a survey of soils across 86 globally-distributed locations, spanning a wide range of climates, biotic communities, and soil conditions, and evaluated the apparent soil priming effect using 13C-glucose labeling. Here we show that the magnitude of the positive apparent priming effect (increase in CO2 release through accelerated microbial biomass turnover) was negatively associated with SOC content and microbial respiration rates. Our statistical modeling suggests that apparent priming effects tend to be negative in more mesic sites associated with higher SOC contents. In contrast, a single-input of labile C causes positive apparent priming effects in more arid locations with low SOC contents. Our results provide solid evidence that SOC content plays a critical role in regulating apparent priming effects, with important implications for the improvement of C cycling models under global change scenarios

Fossils in Iberian Prehistory: A Review of the Palaeozoological Evidence.

This paper constitutes the first comprehensive review of animal fossils retrieved in Iberian archaeological sites. Out of 633 items from 82 sites, 143 were analyzed and a further 13 assessed and their status clarified by us on 20 sites. Among others, this study is the first one in Iberia to assess the role played by fossil scaphopods and to carry out a systematic description of shark teeth. The relevance of those 156 fossils we assessed through a comparison with all the finds located in the Iberian literature. Failure to report fossils properly did not allow us to warrant such status for 352 items. We believe that the poor record of fossils in Iberian archaeological sites is the result of a combination of methodological and theoretical constraints. For that reason, we contend that the items herein reported probably represent a fraction, however substantial, of the evidence at hand.UPPH/49/06 aprobado por la Consejería de Cultura de la Junta de Andalucía (España) HAR 2016-77789-P HUM-949 (Universidad de Sevilla), RNM-179 (Universidad de Málaga) ICArEHB (Universidad de Algarve, Portugal