Don Juan Manuel and his connection with the Order of Preachers

This paper intends to show how the social interests of the Dominican Order changed dramatically during the first half of the fourteenth century. From being an Order committed to poverty and preaching the masses at first, the Dominicans became later attached to the nobility and its sources of power and wealth. The example of Don Juan Manuel, a powerful noble, and his connection with the Dominicans helps to illustrate this fact. The Preachers provided Don Juan with intellectual sources, political advise, religious guidance, and helped him to main­tain his social status. The friars in turn enjoyed munificent donations and high esteem from Don Juan Manuel. Don Juan's commitment to the Order of Preachers is not only seen in bis founding of a Dominican convent in tis village of Peñafiel but also in his writings. The Dominican influence is often found in the stories and examples used by Don Juan. The friars' vision of the world induced him to conceive society as a traditional order divided into three estates and domi­nated by nobles and clergymen. However, this idea of society was hard to impose because the fourteenth century was a time of upheaval and of challenge for those who traditionally ruled society. Consequently, the Dominicans and Don Juan Manuel saw in each other an allied to foster their reciprocal interests and to keep the traditional status quo of society.Cet article tente de démontrer comment les intérêts sociaux de l'Ordre domi­nicain ont spectaculairement changé pendant la première moitié du quatorzième siècle. Après avoir été un Ordre engagé dans la pauvreté et prêchant avant tout pour le peuple, les Dominicains s'attacheront plus tard à la noblesse et à leur sour­ce de pouvoir et de richesse. L'exemple de Don Juan Manuel, un noble puissant, et ses attaches avec les Dominicains aide à illustrer le fait. Les Prédicateurs fournis­sent à Don Juan les sources intellectuelles, les conseils politiques, la guidance reli­gieuse qui l'aideront à maintenir son statut social. En retour, les moines jouirent de splendides donations et de la haute estime de Don Juan Manuel. L'engagement de Don Juan envers l'Ordre des Prêcheurs n'est pas seulement visible dans la fon­dation d'un couvent dominicain dans son village de Peñafiel mais apparaît aussi dans ses écrits. L’influence dominicaine fait souvent jour dans les histoires et les exemples employés par Don Juan. La vision que les moines Prédicateurs possé­daient du monde l'induisent à concevoir la société comme un ordre traditionnel divisé en trois états et dominé par les nobles et le clergé. Toutefois cette idée de la société était difficile à imposer car le quatorzième siècle était un siècle de défit et de bouleversement pour ceux qui traditionnellement dominaient la société. En conséquence, les Dominicains et Don Juan Manuel se considéraient mutuellement comme des alliés dan leurs intérêts réciproques et s’aidaient à maintenir la société dans un statu quo

Observed modes of sea surface temperature variability in the South Pacific region

The South Pacific (SP) region exerts large control on the climate of the Southern Hemisphere at many times scales. This paper identifies the main modes of interannual sea surface temperature (SST) variability in the SP which consist of a tropical-driven mode related to a horseshoe structure of positive/negative SST anomalies within midlatitudes and highly correlated to ENSO and Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO) variability, and another mode mostly confined to extratropical latitudes which is characterized by zonal propagation of SST anomalies within the South Pacific Gyre. Both modes are associated with temperature and rainfall anomalies over the continental regions of the Southern Hemisphere. Besides the leading mode which is related to well known warmer/cooler and drier/moister conditions due to its relationship with ENSO and the IPO, an inspection of the extratropical mode indicates that it is associated with distinct patterns of sea level pressure and surface temperature advection. These relationships are used here as plausible and partial explanations to the observed warming trend observed within the Southern Hemisphere during the last decades.The authors would like to thank Scott Power for his comments on an earlier version of the manuscript and the two anonymous reviewers whose suggestions led to a substantial improvement of the paper. This study was supported by Grants UBACyT-20020100100803, UBACyT-20020120300051, PIP-11220120100586 and the SPECS (GA 308378) EU-funded Project. JG-S was partially supported by the H2020-funded MSCA-IF-EF DPETNA project (GA No. 655339). The authors acknowledge the Red Española de Supercomputación (RES) and PRACE for awarding access to MareNostrum 3 at the Barcelona Supercomputing Center through the HiResClim project. The support of Virginie Guémas and Oriol Mula-Valls at the Barcelona Supercomputing Center is warmly appreciated.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Immersive experiences during the conceptual phase of the architectural project: virtual reality as a tool for user participation in the co-creation process

La elevada competencia del mercado actual dificulta la contratación de proyectos singulares de viviendas unifamiliares. Por ello, resulta necesario agudizar el ingenio para ofrecer al cliente una visión diferencial respecto a las propuestas de otros competidores. En este contexto, se propone incorporar al propio usuario en el proceso proyectual durante la fase de desarrollo conceptual de la propuesta constructiva, utilizando la Realidad Virtual (RV). Sumergir al usuario en una experiencia sensorial inmersiva le permitiría vivir su propio espacio habitable antes de ser construido, permitiendo a diseñadores y arquitectos centrar la atención en el estudio personaliza-do de la iluminación natural y el diseño de los paramentos que actuaran como nexo entre el espacio interior y exterior de la vivienda. Esta forma de abordar el proyecto puede suponer una ventaja competitiva que contribuiría al posicionamiento del estudio arquitectónico como referente del mercado. Este trabajo analiza diferentes sistemas RV actuales que podrían ser adaptados durante el proceso de trabajo, y discute la ventaja que supone para los estudios de arquitectura esta metodología del proyecto frente a otras más convencionales.The high competitiveness of the current market makes it difficult to contract unique projects for single-family homes. Therefore, it is necessary to sharpen inventiveness in order to offer the customer a different vision compared to the proposals of other competitors. In this context, we propose to incorporate the user in the design process during the conceptual development stage of the construction proposal, using Virtual Reality (VR). Introducing the user to an immersive sensory experience would allow him/her to live his/her own living space before being built, al-lowing designers and architects to focus attention on the personalized study of natural lighting and the design of the walls that act as a connection between the interior and exterior space of the home. This way of approaching the project can provide a competitive advantage that would contribute to the positioning of the architectural studio as a referent in the market. This paper analyses different cur-rent VR systems that could be adapted during the work process, and discusses the advantage that this project methodology has for architectural studios compared to other more conventional ones.Universitat Jaume I P1·1B2015-30Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad TIN2016-75866-C3-1-

Los marineros de hoy, los oficiales de mañana : el primer contacto con la mar.

La formación práctica es primordial e importantísima en la creación de los marinos, y sin embargo a veces, se deja completamente abandonada durante los años académicos. Entendemos que durante la formación universitaria lo más habitual es la formación enclavada en el aula, teórica y, si esta fuese práctica, enclavada en laboratorios, sitios que pueden incluirse dentro de los territorios visibles de la universidad y son entendibles porque son fácilmente reconocibles. Pero la formación marítima requiere de alejarse de estos enclaves, para formar correctamente al alumnado, en buques que navegan y esto es difícil de comprender para la gran mayoría de público que, aunque reciben sus productos en casa sin darse cuenta que la mayoría llega por vía marítima, no son conscientes del alcance de esta industria, de sus necesidades y las de sus futuros empleados. Este trabajo de final de grado tiene como objetivo la creación de oferta práctica para el alumnado de la facultad de náutica de barcelona, que actualmente tiene nada o ínfima formación práctica. esta formación, enmarcada dentro de las posibilidades que el actual currículum universitario permite, teniendo en cuenta la legislación nacional e internacional más reciente

Influence of presentation means on industrial product evaluations with potential users: a first study by comparing Tangible Virtual Reality and presenting a product in a real setting

Nowadays Virtual Reality allows products to be presented to potential users, but as they cannot feel them physically, their perception of some product attributes can be distorted. Conversely, the mixture of visual and touch feelings that Tangible Virtual Reality (TVR) offers could act as a similar approach to knowing products in real settings. This is a first study to compare the evaluation of product attributes presented in a real setting and by Tangible Virtual Reality to verify the possible equivalence of both means. The Semantic Differential Method was used to evaluate product attributes by creating a semantic scale with 16 bipolar pairs. Seventy-seven people (mean age of 21.7) evaluated one product by both means in an alternate viewing order. The results revealed that the product that was chosen was rated with more positive attributes in some bipolar pairs when experienced via TVR, while it was better rated in others when experienced in a real environment. The Wilcoxon test (α=0.05) corroborated that the presentation means used to evaluate the product influenced the evaluation of 15 of 16 attributes

A Model-Driven Approach for Business Process Management

The Business Process Management is a common mechanism recommended by a high number of standards for the management of companies and organizations. In software companies this practice is every day more accepted and companies have to assume it, if they want to be competitive. However, the effective definition of these processes and mainly their maintenance and execution are not always easy tasks. This paper presents an approach based on the Model-Driven paradigm for Business Process Management in software companies. This solution offers a suitable mechanism that was implemented successfully in different companies with a tool case named NDTQ-Framework.Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia TIN2010-20057-C03-02Junta de Andalucía TIC-578

Economic growth, poverty and inequality: efficiency analysis for Latin America in the 21st century

Este estudio analiza la capacidad de los modelos económicos para generar un “eficiente” crecimiento económico que reduzca los niveles de pobreza y mejore la distribución de la riqueza generada como resultado de ese crecimiento. Para ello, aplicaremos un método de optimización basado en el Análisis Envolvente de Datos a una muestra de países latinoamericanos en el que se ha ampliado el problema de optimización con la incorporación de productos con una connotación negativa o no deseableThis study analyzes the ability of economic models to generate “efficient” economic growth that reduces poverty levels and improves the distribution of wealth generated as a result of that growth. To do this, we will testly an optimization method based on the Data Envelopment Analysis to a sample of Latin American countries in which the problem of optimization has been extended to the incorporation of outputs with an undesirable connotatio

Sobre el origen de las razas caprinas españolas

Aún hoy, transcurridos más de 50 años desde que Aparicio Sánchez estableciera el origen de las razas caprinas españolas, su hipótesis está llena de contenido y actualidad. Las tres formas prehistóricas propuestas por este autor como troncos originarios, la Capra Prisca, la Capra Aegagrus y otra forma desconocida de procedencia africana son asumidas, así como las variedades Alpina y Pirenaica de la cabra Aegagrus anteriormente reconocida por Sanson (1903) y que fueron desarrolladas por este autor para el ámbito español. En este trabajo, matizamos las convergencias y divergencias con los autores antes mencionados, se reconoce al Íbice africano como posible forma prehistórica que intervino en la formación del sustrato a partir del cual se formaron nuestras razas y añadimos los posibles orígenes de razas actuales que no estaban caracterizadas ni reconocidas hace 50 años (Verata, Retinta Cacereña, Florida, Canaria, etc), si bien aún, no es posible determinar los orígenes de algunas de ellas ante los escasos conocimientos que se tienen de sus caracteres étnicos

The Sustainable Management of Metals: An Analysis of Global Research

The objective of this study was to analyze research trends in the field of sustainable management of metals on a global level between 1993 and 2017. To do so, a bibliometric analysis was carried out on a total of 6967 articles. The results revealed the growing interest in this research field, particularly over the last five year-period during which 63% of all articles were published. The three journals in which most articles had been published were the Journal of Cleaner Production, ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, and Chemsuschem. The countries that published the most articles were China, the United States, India, Germany, and the United Kingdom. A sizeable network of collaboration has been established between countries for the joint publication of studies. The main lines of research have been focused on metal decontamination in water and soil, waste management oriented towards reuse and recycling, and the innovation of processes for cleaner and more efficient production. The results revealed the need for comprehensive studies that integrate different disciplines within the same analytical framework, and to promote research that contributes to the different dimensions of sustainability (environmental, economic, and social)

Win-win transport strategies: searching for sinergies

In order to achieve to minimize car-based trips, transport planners have been particularly interested in understanding the factors that explain modal choices. In the transport modelling literature there has been an increasing awareness that socioeconomic attributes and quantitative variables are not sufficient to characterize travelers and forecast their travel behavior. Recent studies have also recognized that users? social interactions and land use patterns influence travel behavior, especially when changes to transport systems are introduced, but links between international and Spanish perspectives are rarely deal. In this paper, factorial and path analyses through a Multiple-Indicator Multiple-Cause (MIMIC) model are used to understand and describe the relationship between the different psychological and environmental constructs with social influence and socioeconomic variables. The MIMIC model generates Latent Variables (LVs) to be incorporated sequentially into Discrete Choice Models (DCM) where the levels of service and cost attributes of travel modes are also included directly to measure the effect of the transport policies that have been introduced in Madrid during the last three years in the context of the economic crisis. The data used for this paper are collected from a two panel smartphone-based survey (n=255 and 190 respondents, respectively) of Madrid