Importancia de las lagunas temporales para la conservación de la biodiversidad de artrópodos edáficos en zonas agrícolas de Castilla-la Mancha

El presente trabajo tiene como objeto el estudio comparativo de las comunidades de artrópodos edáficos en dos lagunas temporales de Castilla-La Mancha, empleándose trampas de caída de acción continua. En las zonas de estudio se distinguieron áreas con diferentes características ambientales. Se realizaron estudios de frecuencia, abundancia, riqueza y análisis multivariante para establecer las preferencias de los grupos encontrados por determinados hábitats. Con los resultados obtenidos podemos señalar que las lagunas temporales favorecen la conservación y biodiversidad de determinados grupos de artrópodos edáficos.The aim of this work is the comparative study of the soil arthropod communities in two transient lagoons from Castilla-La Mancha, by the use of pit-fall type traps. In the study areas sites with different environmental characteristics were identified. Analysis of frequency, abundance and richness and multivariate analyses were performed to detect preferences for particular habitats among the groups found. The results show that the transient lagoons favour the conservation and biodiversity of certain groups of edaphic arthropods

Scheduling unrelated parallel machines with resource-assignable sequence-dependent setup times

[EN] A novel scheduling problem that results from the addition of resource-assignable setups is presented in this paper. We consider an unrelated parallel machine problem with machine and job sequence-dependent setup times. The new characteristic is that the amount of setup time does not only depend on the machine and job sequence but also on the amount of resources assigned, which can vary between a minimum and a maximum. The aim is to give solution to real problems arising in several industries where frequent setup operations in production lines have to be carried out. These operations are indeed setups whose length can be reduced or extended according to the amount of resources assigned to them. The objective function considered is a linear combination of total completion time and the total amount of resources assigned. We present a mixed integer program (MIP) model and some fast dispatching heuristics. We carry out careful and comprehensive statistical analyses to study what characteristics of the problem affect the MIP model performance. We also study the effectiveness of the different heuristics proposed. © 2011 Springer-Verlag London Limited.The authors are indebted to the referees and editor for a close examination of the paper, which has increased its quality and presentation. This work is partially funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, under the project "SMPA-Advanced Parallel Multiobjective Sequencing: Practical and Theoretical Advances" with reference DPI2008-03511/DPI. The authors should also thank the IMPIVA-Institute for the Small and Medium Valencian Enterprise, for the project OSC with references IMIDIC/2008/137, IMIDIC/2009/198, and IMIDIC/2010/175.Ruiz García, R.; Andrés Romano, C. (2011). Scheduling unrelated parallel machines with resource-assignable sequence-dependent setup times. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 57(5):777-794. https://doi.org/10.1007/S00170-011-3318-2S777794575Allahverdi A, Gupta JND, Aldowaisan T (1999) A review of scheduling research involving setup considerations. OMEGA Int J Manag Sci 27(2):219–239Allahverdi A, Ng CT, Cheng TCE, Kovalyov MY (2008) A survey of scheduling problems with setup times or costs. Eur J Oper Res 187(3):985–1032Balakrishnan N, Kanet JJ, Sridharan SV (1999) Early/tardy scheduling with sequence dependent setups on uniform parallel machines. Comput Oper Res 26(2):127–141Biggs D, De Ville B, and Suen E (1991) A method of choosing multiway partitions for classification and decision trees. J Appl Stat 18(1):49–62Chen J-F (2006) Unrelated parallel machine scheduling with secondary resource constraints. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 26(3):285–292Cheng TCE, Sin CCS (1990) A state-of-the-art review of parallel machine scheduling research. Eur J Oper Res 47(3):271–292Graham RL, Lawler EL, Lenstra JK, Rinnooy Kan AHG (1979) Optimization and approximation in deterministic sequencing and scheduling: a survey. Ann Discrete Math 5:287–326Grigoriev E, Sviridenko M, Uetz M (2007) Unrelated parallel machine scheduling with resource dependent processing times. Math Program Ser A and B 110(1):209–228Guinet A (1991) Textile production systems: a succession of non-identical parallel processor shops. J Oper Res Soc 42(8):655–671Guinet A, Dussauchoy A (1993) Scheduling sequence dependent jobs on identical parallel machines to minimize completion time criteria. Int J Prod Res 31(7):1579–1594Horn WA (1973) Minimizing average flow time with parallel machines. Oper Res 21(3):846–847Kass GV (1980) An exploratory technique for investigating large quantities of categorical data. Appl Stat 29(2):119–127Kim DW, Kim KH, Jang W, Chen FF (2002) Unrelated parallel machine scheduling with setup times using simulated annealing. Robot Comput-Integr Manuf 18(3–4):223–231Lam K, Xing W (1997) New trends in parallel machine scheduling. Int J Oper Prod Manage 17(3):326–338Lee YH, Pinedo M (1997) Scheduling jobs on parallel machines with sequence dependent setup times. Eur J Oper Res 100(3):464–474Marsh JD, Montgomery DC (1973) Optimal procedures for scheduling jobs with sequence-dependent changeover times on parallel processors. AIIE Technical Papers, pp 279–286Mokotoff E (2001) Parallel machine scheduling problems: a survey. Asia-Pac J Oper Res 18(2):193–242Morgan JA, Sonquist JN (1963) Problems in the analysis of survey data and a proposal. J Am Stat Assoc 58:415–434Ng CT, Edwin Cheng TC, Janiak A, Kovalyov MY (2005) Group scheduling with controllable setup and processing times: minimizing total weighted completion time. Ann Oper Res 133:163–174Nowicki E, Zdrzalka S (1990) A survey of results for sequencing problems with controllable processing times. Discrete Appl Math 26(2–3):271–287Pinedo M (2002) Scheduling: theory, algorithms, and systems, 2nd edn. Prentice Hall, Upper SaddleRabadi G, Moraga RJ, Al-Salem A (2006) Heuristics for the unrelated parallel machine scheduling problem with setup times. J Intell Manuf 17(1):85–97Radhakrishnan S, Ventura JA (2000) Simulated annealing for parallel machine scheduling with earliness-tardiness penalties and sequence-dependent set-up times. Int J Prod Res 38(10):2233–2252Ruiz R, Sivrikaya Şerifoğlu F, Urlings T (2008) Modeling realistic hybrid flexible flowshop scheduling problems. Comput Oper Res 35(4):1151–1175Sivrikaya-Serifoglu F, Ulusoy G (1999) Parallel machine scheduling with earliness and tardiness penalties. Comput Oper Res 26(8):773–787Webster ST (1997) The complexity of scheduling job families about a common due date. Oper Res Lett 20(2):65–74Weng MX, Lu J, Ren H (2001) Unrelated parallel machines scheduling with setup consideration and a total weighted completion time objective. Int J Prod Econ 70(3):215–226Yang W-H, Liao C-J (1999) Survey of scheduling research involving setup times. Int J Syst Sci 30(2):143–155Zhang F, Tang GC, Chen ZL (2001) A 3/2-approximation algorithm for parallel machine scheduling with controllable processing times. Oper Res Lett 29(1):41–47Zhu Z, Heady R (2000) Minimizing the sum of earliness/tardiness in multi-machine scheduling: a mixed integer programming approach. Comput Ind Eng 38(2):297–30

Estimation of Burned Area in the Northeastern Siberian Boreal Forest from a Long-Term Data Record (LTDR) 1982–2015 Time Series

A Bayesian classifier mapped the Burned Area (BA) in the Northeastern Siberian boreal forest (70°N 120°E–60°N 170°E) from 1982 to 2015. The algorithm selected the 0.05° (~5 km) Long-Term Data Record (LTDR) version 3 and 4 data sets to generate 10-day BA composites. Landsat-TM scenes of the entire study site in 2002, 2010, and 2011 assessed the spatial accuracy of this LTDR-BA product, in comparison to Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) MCD45A1 and MCD64A1 BA products. The LTDR-BA algorithm proves a reliable source to quantify BA in this part of Siberia, where comprehensive BA remote sensing products since the 1980s are lacking. Once grouped by year and decade, this study explored the trends in fire activity. The LTDR-BA estimates contained a high interannual variability with a maximum of 2.42 million ha in 2002, an average of 0.78 million ha/year, and a standard deviation of 0.61 million ha. Going from 6.36 in the 1980s to 10.21 million ha BA in the 2010s, there was a positive linear BA trend of approximately 1.28 million ha/decade during these last four decades in the Northeastern Siberian boreal forest

RanBP2-Mediated SUMOylation Promotes Human DNA Polymerase Lambda Nuclear Localization and DNA Repair

Cellular DNA is under constant attack by a wide variety of agents, both endogenous and exogenous. To counteract DNA damage, human cells have a large collection of DNA repair factors. Among them, DNA polymerase lambda (Polλ) stands out for its versatility, as it participates in different DNA repair and damage tolerance pathways in which gap-filling DNA synthesis is required. In this work we show that human Polλ is conjugated with Small Ubiquitin-like MOdifier (SUMO) proteins both in vitro and in vivo, with Lys27 being the main target of this covalent modification. Polλ SUMOylation takes place in the nuclear pore complex and is mediated by the E3 ligase RanBP2. This post-translational modification promotes Polλ entry into the nucleus, which is required for its recruitment to DNA lesions and stimulated by DNA damage induction. Our work represents an advance in the knowledge of molecular pathways that regulate cellular localization of human Polλ, which are essential to be able to perform its functions during repair of nuclear DNA, and that might constitute an important point for the modulation of its activity in human cells

La ciclogénesis explosiva: esa gran desconocida

En este artículo estudiamos las ideas de los alumnos sobre los riesgos naturales, especialmente acerca del conocimiento que tienen de la ciclogénesis explosiva, un riesgo que ha sido noticia hace poco tiempo y en torno al cual proponemos una serie de actividades para conocerlo y evitar posibles desastre

The evolution of cooperative breeding by direct and indirect fitness effects.

The evolution of cooperative breeding has been traditionally attributed to the effect of kin selection. While there is increasing empirical evidence that direct fitness benefits are relevant, the relative importance of alternative selection mechanisms is largely obscure. Here, we model the coevolution of the cornerstones of cooperative breeding, delayed dispersal, and alloparental care, across different ecological scenarios while allowing individuals to adjust philopatry and helping levels. Our results suggest that (i) direct fitness benefits from grouping are the main driver for the evolution of philopatry; (ii) kin selection is mainly responsible for the emergence of alloparental care, but group augmentation can be a sufficient promoter in harsh environments; (iii) the coevolution of philopatry and alloparental care is subject to positive feedback; and (iv) age-dependent dispersal is triggered by both group benefits and relatedness. Model predictions are supported by empirical data and provide good opportunities for comparative analyses and experimental tests of causality