Assessment of carotenoid production by Dunaliella salina in different culture systems and operation regimes

The effect of operation regime and culture system on carotenoid productivity by the halotolerant alga Dunaliella salina has been analyzed. Operation strategies tested included batch and semi continuous regime, as well as a two-stage approach run simultaneously in both, open tanks and closed reactor. The best results were obtained with the closed tubular photobioreactor. The highest carotenoid production (328.8 mg carotenoid l−1 culture per month) was achieved with this culture system operated following the two-stage strategy. Also, closed tubular photobioreactor provided the highest carotenoid contents (10% of dry weight) in Dunaliella biomass and β-carotene abundance (90% of total carotenoids) as well as the highest 9-cis to all-trans β-carotene isomer ratio (1.5 at sunrise).Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología IFD 1997-1780IFAPA CO3-125Plan Andaluz de Investigación CVI13

La nupcialidad soyana: análisis demográfico, 1750-1850

El presente trabajo aborda el estudio de la nupcialidad de una localidad rural cacereña durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII y la primera del siglo XIX. Teniendo en cuenta que esta variable permite un acercamiento a la realidad económica, social y demográfica de la población, hemos analizado los diversos componentes y factores que inciden en ella con el fin de comprobar cómo influyeron las crisis demográficas y económicas en los patrones normales observados de esta variable.This paper is about the study of the marriage of a rural village of Caceres during the second half of the eighteenth century and the first one of the nineteenth century. Given that this variable allows an approach to the economic, social and demographic situation of the population, we have analyzed the diverse components and factors that affect in it, in order to verify how the demographic and economic crisis influenced in the normal patterns this variable.Beca de la Fundación Fernando Valhondo Calaff de Cáceres. Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. Proyecto de Investigación “Familia y comunidad rural: Mecanismos de protección comunitaria en el interior Peninsular (ss.XVIII-1900)”, HAR2013-48901-C6-5-R.peerReviewe

Caracterización mecánica de materiales cerámicos mediante ensayos de fractura estable

Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Inorgánica. Fecha de lectura: 18-03-2015El objetivo principal de este trabajo ha sido el desarrollo de un nuevo dispositivo experimental y una metodología de ensayo y análisis de resultados para determinar la tenacidad de fractura de materiales cerámicos, que puedan ser utilizados como forma de caracterización de rutina en el laboratorio. Se ha planteado como hipótesis básica la adecuación de los ensayos de fractura estable para la determinación de la tenacidad de fractura de los materiales. Se ha propuesto la utilización de la apertura de los labios de la grieta como parámetro de control puesto que, junto con el tamaño de la grieta, crece de manera monótona durante todo el ensayo (carga y fractura). Hasta la fecha de inicio de este trabajo sólo se habían reportado ensayos de fractura estable con control por apertura de los labios de la grieta en el caso de materiales no frágiles como ytria (Y-PSZ) y hormigones de alta resistencia. El dispositivo experimental consta de un micrómetro óptico asociado a un dispositivo de flexión en tres puntos y se ensayan probetas prismáticas con entallas rectas en forma de V (SEVNB). Con el fin de demostrar la validez del dispositivo experimental y la metodología de ensayo y análisis de resultados desarrollados, se ensayaron materiales cerámicos con comportamientos mecánicos muy diferentes: Espinela de aluminio-magnesio (MgAl2O4), con comportamiento frágil. Alúmina (Al2O3) de grano fino, con comportamiento frágil. Mullita (3Al2O3 .2SiO2), con comportamiento frágil y crecimiento subcrítico de grietas en aire significativo. Refractarios comerciales, en los cuales ocurren mecanismos de refuerzo durante la fractura

Metodología, técnicas e instrumentos para la explotación demográfica de los registros parroquiales

This paper intends to show the usefulness and importance of the parish records for works of historical and demographic character and provide an overview of the methodological approaches and tools to extract information from such records in order to develop a study on evolution of the population. To do this, the possible methods of exploitation of the sources, content analysis techniques and basic computer programs for their development are presented.Se pretende mostrar la utilidad e importancia de los registros parroquiales para los trabajos de carácter histórico-demográficos, así como ofrecer una visión general de los criterios metodológicos y los instrumentos necesarios para extraer su información con la finalidad de elaborar un estudio sobre la evolución de la población. Para ello, se presentan los posibles métodos de explotación de las fuentes, las técnicas de análisis de contenido y los programas informáticos fundamentales para su desarrollo

Creativity, concept maps and TIC in education

Los mapas conceptuales, además de ser unas herramientas que nos permiten representar el conocimiento de manera gráfica y fomentar los aprendizajes, también pueden desarrollar la creatividad. En este trabajo mostramos diferentes relaciones existentes entre el proceso de construcción de mapas conceptuales y la creatividad humana. También se resalta la importancia del aprendizaje significativo y se profundiza en los diferentes principios que guían la creación de mapas conceptuales. Finalmente se presenta el software Cmaptools como una herramienta a tener en cuenta en los centros educativos ya que su utilización planificada puede tener resultados significativos en la mejora de los aprendizajes.Concept maps besides being tools that allow us to represent graphically the knowledge and encourage learning, can also develop creativity. In this paper we show different relationships between the process of concept map construction and human creativity. It also highlights the importance of meaningful learning and explores the different principles that guide the creation of conceptual maps. Finally the CmapTools software is presented as a tool to consider in education and because it´s use can have significant results in improving learning

Procriaçao medicamente assistida e homossexualidade na lei e na imprensa portuguesa

Em Portugal, o recurso às técnicas de procriação medicamente assistida esteve reservado apenas às pessoas casadas, que não se encontrassem separadas judicialmente de pessoas e bens ou separadas de facto, ou às que, sendo de sexo diferente, vivessem em condições análogas às dos cônjuges há pelo menos dois anos. Assim foi desde a entrada em vigor da Lei n.º 32/2006, de 26 de Julho. Acontece que, com a Lei n.º 9/2010, de 31 de Maio (cujo início de vigência ocorreu em 05 de Junho desse ano), o casamento civil entre pessoas do mesmo sexo passou a ser legalmente possível, alterando o conceito de casamento. Este é entendido como “o contrato celebrado entre duas pessoas que pretendem constituir família mediante uma plena comunhão de vida”, nos termos previstos no artigo 1577.º do Código Civil. Esta alteração marcou um desajustamento não facilmente resolúvel entre a finalidade do casamento de “constituição de família” e a inerente vontade dos casais do mesmo sexo de terem filhos. Acresce que a lei subordinava o uso das técnicas de procriação medicamente assistida ao diagnóstico de infertilidade ou para tratamento de doença grave ou risco de transmissão de doenças de origem genética, infecciosa ou outras, portanto, a fins de natureza subsidiária de procriação e não alternativa. Em Junho de 2016 foi aprovado o alargamento dos beneficiários às técnicas de procriação medicamente assistida, assegurando o seu acesso a todas as mulheres. O referencial heterossexual da Lei n.º 32/2006 e a compreensão da descendência ligada ao casamento ou união de facto entre pessoas de sexo diferente ficaram ultrapassados. A superação do modelo familiar heterossexual, no que respeita ao uso das técnicas laboratoriais de procriação medicamente assistida, na lei portuguesa, será objecto deste texto, ao lado da cobertura mediática desta questão, ao nível da ultrapassagem de barreiras e mudança de mentalidades

Tracking Sensory Characteristics of Virgin Olive Oils During Storage: Interpretation of Their Changes from a Multiparametric Perspective

Virgin olive oil is inevitably subject to an oxidation process during storage that can affect its stability and quality due to off-flavors that develop before the oil surpasses its ‘best before’ date. Many parameters are involved in the oxidation process at moderate conditions. Therefore, a multiparametric study is necessary to establish a link between physico-chemical changes and sensory quality degradation in a real storage experiment. In this context, a storage experiment of 27 months was performed for four monovarietal virgin olive oils, bottled in transparent 500-mL PET bottles and subjected to conditions close to a supermarket scenario. Volatile composition, quality parameters and phenolic compounds were determined monthly. Simultaneously, an accredited sensory panel assessed their sensory characteristics. The stability of the fresh samples was also studied with the oxidative stability index (OSI) and mesh cell-FTIR. (E)-2-hexenal, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol and (E)-2-hexen-1-ol were identified as markers of the fruity attribute. Hexanal and nonanal were also identified as compounds that were associated with the rise of median of defect during storage. Some disagreements were observed between the sensory assessment and the OSI analyzed by Rancimat. However, the increase of concentration of rancid markers agreed with the increase of aldehyde band measured with mesh cell-FTIR.Spanish Research State Agency (research projects AGL2015-69320-R and RTI2018-101546-B-C21

A review of stochastic dominance methods for poverty analysis

Producción CientíficaStochastic dominance techniques have been mainly employed in poverty analyses to overcome what it is called the multiplicity of poverty indices problem. Moreover, in the multidimensional context, stochastic dominance techniques capture the possible relationships between the dimensions of poverty as they rely upon their joint distribution, unlike most multidimensional poverty indices, which are only based on marginal distributions. In this paper, we first review the general definition of unidimensional stochastic dominance and its relationship with poverty orderings. Then we focus on the conditions of multivariate stochastic dominance and their relationship with multidimensional poverty orderings, highlighting the additional difficulties that the multivariate setting involves. In both cases, we focus our discussion on first- and secondorder dominance, though some guidelines on higher order dominance are also mentioned. We also present an overview of some relevant empirical applications of these methods that can be found in the literature in both univariate and multivariate contexts

Aplicación de la rt-pcr en tiempo real para el diagnóstico de PRRS

PRSS is one of the most important infectious diseases in swine national and international industry because of its economic impact. It is caused by a single stranded RNA virus which its main characteristics are: genetic and antigenic variability, immune modulation properties and its capacity to produce persistent infections. Up to now, there are two main genotypes, the North American (NA) and the European (EU). The comparison of its sequences has shown important genetic differences between them, what contributes to the failure of the existing vaccines against it. One of the most used diagnostic methods is the RT-PCR which complemented with sequencing, leads to determinate the viral genotype. In the last years, new RT-PCRs in real time have been developed because they present advantages as higher sensitivity, quantification of viral load or saving on material and time, improving the control of the disease. In this job, we would like to show the advantages and applications of the real time RT-PCR for the diagnostic and control of the PRRS virus

Proyecto Aqua-Riba: Sistemas de gestión sostenible del Ciclo Urbano del Agua en la rehabilitación integral de barriadas en Andalucía.

After the deceleration of the processes of urban development that took place in the past decades, the main action taken by public policies within the field of architecture and urban planning in Andalusia has presently focused in the regeneration of the districts that were then raised without any sort of strategy with regards to Sustainability. Within this context, the RDI project Sustainable Urban Water Cycle Management Systems in the Integral Regeneration Plans for Districts in Andalusia (Aqua-Riba), whose results are shown in the present article, has been developed. The project arose as a tool to contextualize in the Andalusian territory the conceptual, methodological and instrumental approaches that would allow an effective incorporation of the eco-integrated and adaptive focus for the management of the Urban Water Cycle in architectural and urban-planning works developed in Andalusia. To this end, it reformulates the relationship between city, water and other resources (mainly land and energy), taking into account the ensemble of the sociohydrological cycle and the integration of urban waters in the natural systems, including matters referred to efficiency and social cohesion such as citizen participation. The most important result of the Aqua-Riba project is the Guide for the Incorporation of Sustainable Urban Water Cycle Management Systems in the Integral Regeneration Plans for Districts in Andalusia that is established as a key tool for such management. Its target groups are decision-makers and active agents within the processes of urban intervention as well as the social agents (associations and neighborhood communities and other social groups)Tras el freno de los procesos de expansión urbanística desarrollados en las últimas décadas, la labor fundamental de las políticas públicas en el ámbito arquitectónico y urbano en Andalucía se centra actualmente en la rehabilitación de aquellas barriadas que fueron construidas sin ningún tipo de estrategia en relación a la Sostenibilidad. En ese contexto, se ha desarrollado el proyecto de I+D+i Sistemas de Gestión Sostenible del Ciclo Urbano del Agua en la Rehabilitación Integral de Barriadas en Andalucía (Aqua-Riba) cuyos resultados se pretenden mostrar en el presente artículo. El proyecto se planteó como una herramienta para contextualizar en el territorio andaluz los planteamientos conceptuales, metodológicos e instrumentales que permitiesen una incorporación efectiva del enfoque eco-integrador y adaptativo de gestión del Ciclo Urbano del Agua en los proyectos de rehabilitación arquitectónica y urbana a desarrollar en Andalucía. Para ello, reformula la relación de la ciudad con el agua y con otros recursos (fundamentalmente suelo y energía), considerando el conjunto del ciclo socio-hidrológico y la integración de las aguas urbanas en los sistemas naturales, sin olvidar cuestiones referidas a eficiencia y cohesión social, como la participación ciudadana. El resultado más importante del proyecto es la Guía para la incorporación de la gestión sostenible del agua en áreas urbanas aplicación a la rehabilitación de barriadas en Andalucía que constituye una herramienta fundamental para dicha gestión cuyos destinatarios son los responsables y agentes activos de los procesos de intervención urbana, así como los agentes sociales (asociaciones y comunidades de vecinos y otros colectivos sociales)