Frontiers and political agregations in Celtiberia: data for a debate

Proyecto de investigación “Entre la paz y la guerra: alianzas, confederaciones y diplomacia en el Occidente mediterráneo (siglos III-I a.C.)” (Ref. HAR2011-27782), Plan Nacional I+D+I, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Gobierno de España. Grupo de Investigación Occidens UIB-UAM (www.occidens.es).En el contexto de la II Guerra Púnica (218-206 a.C. para la península Ibérica) y el proceso de expansión romana en Celtiberia (ca. 195-133 a.C.), nuestro objetivo se centra en poner en valor la dimensión espacial, territorial, de las dinámicas históricas, delimitando su papel en la generación de identidades en el mundo celtibérico. Planteamos, en primer lugar, un análisis diacrónico y una contextualización geopolítica de las referencias a coaliciones militares en el interior peninsular, destacando las alianzas defensivas formadas en la década de los años 90 del siglo II a.C. para tratar de contener el avance romano en la línea del Tajo, así como otros ejemplos de coaliciones conocidas para las guerras celtibéricas de mediados de siglo. Estudiamos también, seguidamente, la estructura interna de las póleis celtibéricas, subrayando su composición mixta (oppidum-ager), y reconstruyendo algunos datos sobre la gestión local de los recintos defensivos y de los límites de los territorios. Finalmente, analizamos los tres niveles político-militares identificables en el mundo celtibérico y su correlato territorial. Partiendo del concepto básico de civitas (en terminología latina), se discute la naturaleza suprapolítica y/o étnica de los populi, para analizar finalmente los mecanismos de generación de grandes alianzas y coaliciones, cuya perpetuación en el tiempo habría propiciado también la aparición de elementos identitarios regionales.In the context of the Second Punic War (218-206 BC for the Iberian Peninsula) and the process of Roman expansion in Celtiberia (ca. 195-133 BC), we underline the importance of the territorial, spatial dimension of the historical dynamics, defining its role in the generation of identities in the Celtiberian world. We propose, firstly, a diachronic analysis and a geopolitical contextualization of references to military coalitions in the inner Iberian Peninsula, paying special attention to the defensive alliances formed in the early 90s of the 2nd century BC trying to contain the Roman advance on the line of the river Tagus. We consider also other examples of coalitions during the central decades of the 2nd century. Later on, we deal with the internal structure of the Celtiberian póleis, stressing its mixed composition (oppidum-ager), and reconstructing some data on the local management of the defensive structures and the limits of the territories. Finally, we analyze the three political-military layers that can be identified in the Celtiberian world and its territorial correlate. Starting from the basic concept of civitas (in Latin terminology), the suprapolitical and / or ethnic nature of the populi is discussed, to analyze, finally, the mechanisms of generation of large alliances and coalitions, whose perpetuation in time have also led to the emergence of elements of regional identity

TEC forecasting based on manifold trajectories

In this paper, we present a method for forecasting the ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC) distribution from the International GNSS Service’s Global Ionospheric Maps. The forecasting system gives an estimation of the value of the TEC distribution based on linear combination of previous TEC maps (i.e., a set of 2D arrays indexed by time), and the computation of a tangent subspace in a manifold associated to each map. The use of the tangent space to each map is justified because it allows modeling the possible distortions from one observation to the next as a trajectory on the tangent manifold of the map. The coefficients of the linear combination of the last observations along with the tangent space are estimated at each time stamp to minimize the mean square forecasting error with a regularization term. The estimation is made at each time stamp to adapt the forecast to short-term variations in solar activity.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Nuevas estrategias para habitar el medio rural. Intervención en la alquería de Tablate (Granada, España).

La Alquería de Tablate constituye un núcleo inhabitado único por tratarse de un vestigio arquitectónico con enorme valor patrimonial. El objetivo principal de la investigación e intervención sobre este enclave es la definición de una propuesta que suponga una innovación en el modo de habitar rural. El sistema resultante pues, constituye un ejemplo de cómo acercar la industrialización a la tradición a través de la abstracción de las bases de la arquitectura popular andaluza. Una reflexión sobre la forma de incorporar conceptos como lo reversible, la virtualidad o la actividad agrícola a la arquitectura contemporánea

Evolving mass tourism constructs and capitalist exploitation of the coast: from sustainable density and urban morphology to iconic megastructure.

T he tourism construct is a disruptive capitalist production of space that has generated and is generating new urban forms. Many architectural and morphological studies have specifically analysed its different models, but there is a lack of studies comparing their features. This comparative study examines four types of tourism construct related to the evolution of capitalism (including pre-Fordism, Fordism, and post-Fordism) and different types of tourist cities. Architectural iconicity, morphological patterns, and spatial metrics are analysed in relation to the economic, social, and cultural characteristics generated. The results suggest that high-density pre-Fordist and Fordist tourism constructs facilitate social relations and a greater capacity to generate the city, whereas lower-density post-Fordist constructs have higher environmental costs (an increase in private green areas and bodies of water) and social costs due to architectural iconicity. The article assesses the relationship between the architectural and urban variables to be considered in the planning tourist destinations in the capitalist production of tourist space.This article presents some of the findings of the research project Residence and Residential Tourism: Processes and Conflicts (CSO201348155-P), funded by the Ministry of the Economy, Industry, and Competitiveness (Spain)

Non-Linear Inner Structure of Topological Vector Spaces

Inner structure appeared in the literature of topological vector spaces as a tool to characterize the extremal structure of convex sets. For instance, in recent years, inner structure has been used to provide a solution to The Faceless Problem and to characterize the finest locally convex vector topology on a real vector space. This manuscript goes one step further by settling the bases for studying the inner structure of non-convex sets. In first place, we observe that the well behaviour of the extremal structure of convex sets with respect to the inner structure does not transport to non-convex sets in the following sense: it has been already proved that if a face of a convex set intersects the inner points, then the face is the whole convex set; however, in the non-convex setting, we find an example of a non-convex set with a proper extremal subset that intersects the inner points. On the opposite, we prove that if a extremal subset of a non-necessarily convex set intersects the affine internal points, then the extremal subset coincides with the whole set. On the other hand, it was proved in the inner structure literature that isomorphisms of vector spaces and translations preserve the sets of inner points and outer points. In this manuscript, we show that in general, affine maps and convex maps do not preserve inner points. Finally, by making use of the inner structure, we find a simple proof of the fact that a convex and absorbing set is a neighborhood of 0 in the finest locally convex vector topology. In fact, we show that in a convex set with internal points, the subset of its inner points coincides with the subset of its internal points, which also coincides with its interior with respect to the finest locally convex vector topology

Recent activities of IAG working group “Ionosphere Prediction”

Ionospheric disturbances pose, for instance, an increasing risk on economy, national security, satellite and airline operations, communications networks and the navigation systems. Constructing forecasted ionospheric products with a reliable accuracy is still an ongoing challenge. In this sense, a Working Group (WG) with the title “Ionosphere Prediction” within the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) under Sub-Commission 4.3 “Atmosphere Remote Sensing” of the Commission 4 “Positioning and Applications” has been created and is actively working since 2015 to encourage scientific collaborations on developing models and discussing challenges of the ionosphere prediction problem. Different centers contribute to the WG such as the German Aerospace Center (DLR), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Technical University of Munich (TUM) and GMV. One of the main focus of the WG is to evaluate different ionosphere prediction approaches and products which are highly depending on solar and geomagnetic conditions as well as on data from different measurement techniques (e.g. GNSS) with varying spatial-temporal resolution, sensitivity and latency. In this contribution, the recent progress of the WG on ionosphere prediction studies including individual and cooperated activities will be presented.Postprint (published version

Neighbourhood cooperatives for the integrated urban regeneration of mass housing areas: speculations on a proposed model

Purpose This paper seeks to define a theoretical model for the urban regeneration of mass housing areas based on citizen initiative, self-management and self-financing in the form of the neighbourhood cooperative. This paper aims to identify mechanisms for economic resource generation that enable the improvement of the urban surroundings and its buildings without assuming disproportionate economic burdens by the local residents based on two principles, the economies of scale and service provision. Design/methodology/approach The research is structured in three phases: a literature review of the different trends in self-financing for urban regeneration and the conceptual framework for the definition of a cooperative model; the definition of theoretical model by analysing community ecosystem, neighbourhood-based services and the requirements for its economic equilibrium; and the discussion of the results and the conclusions. Findings The results show the potential of the cooperative model to generate a social economy capable of reducing costs and producing additional resources to finance the rehabilitation process. The findings show not only the extent of economic advantages but also multiple social, physical and environmental benefits. Its implementation involves the participation of multiple actors, which is one of its significant advantages. Originality/value The main contribution is to approach comprehensive urban rehabilitation from a collaborative understanding, overcoming the main financing difficulties of the current practices based on public subsidy policies. The model also allows an ethical relationship to be built with supplier companies by means of corporate social responsibility.Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga/CBUA. This work has been developed within the framework of the R+D+i project “Cooperativas vecinales de personas mayores para el envejecimiento activo en el lugar. Implicaciones en la mejora de la soledad forzada en grandes ciudades (CO-AGING)”, funded by the Secretaría General de Universidades, Investigación y Tecnología of the Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades of the Junta de Andalucía (PY20_00411), and co-financed by the FEDER operational programme in Andalusia (2014-2020). The authors are grateful to the editor and reviewers for providing helpful comments that have improved this article

Older adult, wellness and systematic practice of physical activity. A qualitative look

En el presente artículo se presentan los resultados de una investigación sobre las percepciones de personas adultas mayores integradas en los talleres de actividad física de las Municipalidades de Valparaíso y Viña del Mar, Chile. Qué les ocurre en dicha participación y qué los conduce a mantenerse en ellas son las preguntas centrales en las que se ha focalizado el trabajo. A partir de la propuesta fenomenólogico-interpretativa se ha usado la metodología cualitativa para rescatar las propias voces de los adultos mayores. Se realizaron dos grupos de discusión, uno en cada una de las ciudades enunciadas, y cinco entrevistas en profundidad. A partir del análisis de contenido de carácter inductivo podemos concluir que la realización de práctica de actividad física y el mantenimiento en ellas se relacionan con actitudes ante la vida, caracterizadas por la autosuperacion, la disposición constante a aprender y la alegría de vivir.This article presents the results of an investigation about perceptions of senior citizens who attended the physical activities workshops in the municipalities of Valparaiso and Viña del Mar (Chile). The main questions are 2: how do these workshops work and what are the reasons why senior citizens keep attending them. The approach of the study is a qualitative one (two discussion groups, one in each city, and five in-depth interviews). From the content analysis (inductively), the conclusion is that physical activities (and the continuity of them) are related with selfimprovement, learning and joy of living attitudesUniversidad de Granada. Departamento de Didáctica y Organización Escolar. Grupo FORCE (HUM386

Sistema de medición de la calidad de la Educación Física chilena: un análisis crítico

En este trabajo se analiza, cualitativa y críticamente, el sistema de evaluación utilizado por el Ministerio de Educación de Chile para medir la calidad de la educación física como asignatura del currículum escolar. Los procedimientos de análisis empleados, en general se ciñeron a las propuestas de fragmentación y articulación de la "Grounded Theory". Se concluye que dicho sistema no da respuesta a un concepto de calidad previamente explicitado; muestra una importante limitación conceptual en la relación salud y condición física; establece una lógica evaluativa escasamente formativa y genera cierta desvalorización profesional de los docentes.Este artículo se ha realizado en el contexto y gracias al Proyecto de Investigación Fondecyt 11110016, titulado "La Educación Física y su función de transformación de las desigualdades sociales: profesorado del área y documentación ministerial", financiado por el Fondo Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica de Chile