Gratefulness

Sin resume

Antifungal effect and reduction of Ulmus minor symptoms to Ophiostoma novo-ulmi by carvacrol and salicylic acid

There are still no effective means to control Dutch elm disease (DED), caused by the vascular fungi Ophiostoma ulmi and O. novo-ulmi. Plant phenolics may provide a new strategy for DED control, given their known antifungal activity against pathogens and their involvement in plant defence mechanisms. The in vitro antifungal activity of salicylic acid, carvacrol, thymol, phenol, o-cresol, m-cresol, p-cresol, and 2,5-xylenol against the DED pathogens was tested. Also, the protective effect of watering Ulmus minor seedlings with these compounds was tested against O. novo-ulmi. Salicylic acid, carvacrol, and thymol showed the strongest antifungal in vitro activity, while carvacrol and salicylic acid provided the strongest in vivo protection against O. novo-ulmi (63 and 46% reduction of leaf wilting symptoms with respect to controls, respectively). The effect of the treatments on tree phenology was low, and a significant negative relation was observed between the number of days to bud burst and the leaf wilting symptoms after inoculation, probably determined by genetic differences among the elm tree progenies used. The treatments with salicylic acid, carvacrol and thymol induced the highest shift in phenolic metabolite profile with respect to control trees. The protective effect of carvacrol and salicylic acid is discussed in terms of their combined activity as antifungal compounds and as inductors of tree defence responses

Risk factors associated with tongue lesions:a propensity score-matched case-control study

to analyse the potential risk factors of tongue lesions, comparing the results with a control group. An observational, case-control study was designed. The study included a case group comprising 336 patients with tongue lesions and 336 sex and age-matched controls. We recorded tobacco/alcohol habits, presence of dentures, allergies, medical conditions, and medications. Statistical analysis was performed via logistic regression models to estimate the odds ratio (OR) adjusted for gender, age, tobacco, and alcohol using propensity score-matching analysis (PSM). According to the final PSM model, patients with tongue lesions were more likely to suffer from allergies (OR 2.13; 1.27-3.66) or medical conditions (OR 2.14; 1.19-3.85), and more likely to take medication (OR 1.99; 1.11-3.57). Elderly individuals were more prone to hairy tongue (OR 3.82; 1.53-10.47). Smoking was associated with coated tongue (OR 2.05; 1.12-3.63), hairy tongue (OR 3.77; 1.52-9.22) and median rhomboid glossitis (OR 40.49; 5.84-860.43). Allergic individuals were more likely to exhibit sublingual varices (OR 1.73; 1.02-2.88). Medical conditions increased the chances of having coated tongue (OR 2.44; 1.36-4.64) or crenated tongue (OR 2.70; 1.42-5.30). Arterial hypertension was associated with median rhomboid glossitis (OR 5.85; 1.08-34.18). Individuals on medication showed a higher risk of fissured tongue (OR 1.87; 1.20-2.94) and varices (OR 2.42; 1.58-3.80). Agents acting on the alimentary tract and metabolism increased the probability of fissured tongue (OR 2.31; 1.42-3.79). As far as we are aware, this is the first study on lingual pathology to include a PSM analysis. The results suggest that a history of allergies, the presence of medical conditions, and the use of medication are associated with increased probability of tongue lesions. The analysis of diseases and medications by subgroups requires studies matched by habits with larger sample sizes, in order to corroborate our observations

Análisis de un programa de calidad en un servicio de Oncología - Cáncer de mama

Trabajo de investigación en el que se presenta un minucioso análisis del estado de la investigación en sistemas de gestión de calidad en servicios de oncología dirigido a pacientes con patología mamaria. Asimismo se incluyen instrumentos de evaluación de la satisfacción de los pacientes con el desarrollo del tratamiento y la intervención de los distintos agentes implicados. La calidad del análisis y de los materiales utilizados hacen que este trabajo sea una guía para estudiantes de la titulación de enfermerí

Society and Its Challenges: The Teacher’s Perspective on Students at Risk

©2022 MDPI. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This document is the Published version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Social Sciences. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11110517This study focuses on exploring and characterising the beliefs of Spanish teachers in relation to their attitudes and professional practice concerning students who may be at risk at school. A generational perspective is adopted and the stages of pre-school, primary, and secondary education are considered in order to analyse these beliefs. (2) This is a descriptive study with a qualitative methodology. The information was collected through semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 60 teachers belonging to publicly funded schools at pre-university levels. The data collected were subject to a thematic analysis and analysed with the qualitative data analysis tool ATLAS.ti (version 22). (3) The results show the diversity of student needs referred to by the teachers, positive relationships and attitudes towards them, and a favourable predisposition to the adaptation and adjustment of teaching practices. (4) The conclusions of the study highlight the importance of teachers’ beliefs for the development of educational processes based on justice, democracy, and equity, and how these beliefs can be used to offer the most appropriate responses to the needs presented by the students

Tecnologías de la Información (TICs) y aulas virtuales en la enseñanza de la ortodoncia y odontopediatría

El alto nivel de desarrollo y de accesibilidad que en la actualidad han alcanzado las denominadas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TICs) han posibilitado una mejora sustancial en cualquiera de las facetas educativas del aprendizaje virtual. Gracias a las TICs, la enseñanza a distancia es cada vez más eficiente y atrayente para los alumnos, mejorando su motivación y rendimiento, lo que se traduce en un incremento en la adquisición de conocimientos, de habilidades, y actitudes. En el caso de la enseñanza virtual de la odontopediatría, el uso de algunas aplicaciones específicas como es la realidad aumentada, que permite realizar prácticas en pacientes virtuales, consiguen que el alumno mejore sus habilidades psicomotrices, e incremente sus aptitudes y confianza a la hora de tratar y resolver problemas reales. En el caso de la ortodoncia, la creación y manipulación de modelos digitales en tres dimensiones, ayuda al alumno a comprender y a interpretar las características diagnósticas y correctivas de los diferentes casos clínicos