Iron carbides as witness the cremation rites among Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula: some examples

El trabajo que se presenta trata sobre el estudio de unas microestructuras típicas que aparecen en el núcleo de piezas de acero incineradas con cadáveres entre los pueblos prerromanos de la península ibérica. A través de su análisis y la reproducción delIn the present work, typical microstructures appearing in the nucleus of archaeological steel which had suffered an incineration process were studied. Under study were different items (weapons, parts of clothing, etc.) Burned together with dead bodies b

Understanding olympic champions and their achievement goal orientation, dominance and pursuit and motivational regulations: A case study

Resumen tomado de la publicaciónComprendiendo a campeones olímpicos y su orientación, dominancia y búsqueda de meta y regulaciones motivacionales: un estudio de caso. Antecedentes: el objetivo fue comparar el perfil de meta y las motivaciones regulaciones de atletas durante su preparación para los Juegos Olímpicos de Río. Método: tres kayakistas del equipo olímpico español participaron. Uno (P1) y dos (P2) eran deportistas de alto nivel: diploma en campeonatos del mundo y de Europa, campeones nacionales. Tres (P3) era un deportista de clase mundial: dos medallas olímpicas, once medallas en campeonatos del mundo y de Europa, varios campeonatos nacionales. Antes y después de tres entrenamientos y cuatro competiciones internacionales (campeonatos del mundo y de Europa) cumplimentaron un cuestionario para evaluar su orientación de meta, dominancia y búsqueda, así como sus motivaciones regulacionales. Se usó un análisis de ecuaciones estimadas generalizadas para analizar los datos. Resultados: P3 tuvo una orientación de aproximación-rendimiento más baja, dominancia de aproximación-maestría más fuerte, búsqueda más baja de metas de aproximación-rendimiento y evitación-rendimiento y motivación controlada más baja. Conclusiones: nuestro deportista de nivel mundial tiene un fuerte perfil de meta de logro de dominancia de aproximación-maestría y un perfil bajo de orientación al rendimiento (aproximación y evitación) y de motivación controlada. Este perfil debería ser confirmado en deportistas similares para ayudar a entrenadores y jóvenes deportivas a tomar decisiones apropiadas.Universidad de Oviedo. Biblioteca de Psicología; Plaza Feijoo, s/n.; 33003 Oviedo; Tel. +34985104146; Fax +34985104126; [email protected]

Practical application of an Increasing and Alternative Communication System in students of immigrant origin: Spanish Sign Language

La problemática recogida en este artículo reside en la adaptación necesaria a las características individuales de un grupo de alumnos de tres años, con déficit en la competencia comunicativa por motivos de origen magrebí. Ante tal situación, las programaciones didácticas comunes se quedan muy lejos de cubrir las demandas de dichos alumnos, quienes para progresar en su desarrollo necesitan de la comprensión de ciertas pautas de comportamiento y de contenidos básicos. Por ello, esta puesta en práctica se basa en utilizar la Lengua de Signos Española y la expresión corporal como apoyo para la adquisición del lenguaje verbal.The problem raised in this article lies in the necessary adaptation to the individual characteristics of a group of students of three years, with a deficit in communicative competence due to reasons of Maghreb origin. Faced with such a situation, the common didactic programs fall far short of meeting the demands of students, those who want to progress in their development need the understanding of certain patterns of behavior and basic contents. Therefore, this implementation is based on the Spanish Sign Language and body expression as support for the acquisition of verbal language

The Use of Amniotic Membrane in the Management of Complex Chronic Wounds

Chronic wounds do not follow the usual wound healing process; instead, they are stuck in the inflammatory or proliferative phase. This is particularly evident in large, massive wounds with considerable tissue loss, which become senescent and do not epithelialize. In these wounds, we need to remove all the factors that prevent or delay normal wound healing. After that, soft tissue granulation is stimulated by local negative pressure therapy. Lastly, after the granulation is completed, the epithelialization process must be activated. Although a plethora of wound dressings and devices are available, chronic wounds persist as a unresolved medical concern. We have been using frozen amniotic membrane (AM) to treat this type of wounds with good results. Our studies have shown that AM is able to induce epithelialization in large wounds that were unable to epithelialize. AM induces several signaling pathways involved in cell migration and/or proliferation. Among those, we can highlight the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathways. Additionally, AM is able to selectively antagonise the anti-proliferative effect of TGFß by modifying its genetic program on keratinocytes. The combined effect of AM on keratinocytes, promoting cell proliferation/migration and antagonising TGFß-effect, is the perfect combination allowing chronic wounds to progress into epithelialization

Applied methodology based on HEC-HMS for reservoir filling estimation due to soil erosion

Authors propose a beneficial methodology for hydrological planning in their study. Prospective evaluations of the basins' net capacity can be done using the technique presented. The HEC-HMS (Hydrologic Modelling System) software can be used to estimate in a basin, the sediment emitted. For a certain precipitation, this methodology allows estimating, within a certain range, the gradual blockage of a reservoir, and even a projected date for total blockage. This has some applications to adopt corrective measures that prevent or delay the planned blockage deadlines. The model is of the semi-distributed type, estimating the generation and emission of sediments by sub-basins. The integration of different return periods in HEC-HMS with a semi-distributed model by sub-basins and the application of a mathematical model are the differentiating element of this research. The novelty of this work is to allow prognosing the reservoir sedimentation rate of basins in a local and regional scale with a medium and large temporary framework. The developed methodology allows public institutions to take decisions concerning hydrological planning. It has been applied to the case of "Charco Redondo"reservoir, in Cádiz, Andalusia, in southern Spain. Applying the methodology to this case, an average soil degradation of the reservoir basin has been estimated. Therefore, it is verified that in 50 years the reservoir is expected to lose 8.4% of its capacity

Tunable fiber laser using concatenated non-adiabatic single-mode fiber tapers

An erbium doped fiber ring laser (EDFRL) that incorporates four non-adiabatic concatenated single-mode fiber tapers (acting as tunable filter in the laser cavity) is presented. These concatenated fiber tapers integrates a filter with a narrower band-pass and a higher modulation depth than a single taper. The tuning of this filter was implemented applying a controlled perturbation in the fiber taper. The proposed laser architecture was successfully demonstrated in the laboratory in which a tuning range of 20.8nm (1544.5nm-1565.3nm) were measured

Evolución del suelo y vegetación en zonas restauradas de las Marismas de Doñana, en presencia y ausencia de ganadería

We have studied the effect of restoration practices on soil and plant cover in banks of wetland areas surrounding the Doñana National Park, which had formerly been partially drained for agricultural purposes (for further details, see another related communication in these same proceedings). We used 6 100m2 fenced and 6 100m2 unfenced plots to evaluate the effect of cattle on the regeneration process, since previous studies (Garcia et al. 2003) suggested that a high cattle pressure might be responsible for the observed low regeneration rates of plant communities in the restored areas. We measured 13 soil variables, bare soil, plant cover (woody species), and aerial biomass (for herbaceous species) along the two years following the restoration.Se evalúan los efectos de las obras de restauración en los suelos y en la cubierta vegetal en las áreas más elevadas de la Marisma Gallega (parcialmente drenada hace 30 años), a partir de datos obtenidos dentro y fuera de cercados dispuestos en zonas afectadas y no afectadas por las obras de restauración, así como determinar la evolución de algunos parámetros del suelo y de la cubierta vegetal transcurridos uno y dos años desde la finalización de las últimas obras de restauración efectuadas en la zona, en el marco del Plan Doñana 2005

PRIPARE: Integrating Privacy Best Practices into a Privacy Engineering Methodology

Data protection authorities worldwide have agreed on the value of considering privacy-by-design principles when developing privacy-friendly systems and software. However, on the technical plane, a profusion of privacy-oriented guidelines and approaches coexists, which provides partial solutions to the overall problem and aids engineers during different stages of the system development lifecycle. As a result, engineers find difficult to understand what they should do to make their systems abide by privacy by design, thus hindering the adoption of privacy engineering practices. This paper reviews existing best practices in the analysis and design stages of the system development lifecycle, introduces a systematic methodology for privacy engineering that merges and integrates them, leveraging their best features whilst addressing their weak points, and describes its alignment with current standardization efforts

Small static radiosurgery field dosimetry with small volume ionization chambers

Purpose: To evaluate the response of the four smallest active volume thimble type ionization chambers commercially available (IBA-dosimetry RAZOR Nano Chamber, Standard Imaging Exradin A16, IBA-dosimetry CC01 and PTW T31022) when measuring SRS cone collimated Flattening Filter Free (FFF) fields. Methods: We employed Monte Carlo simulation for calculating correction factors as defined in IAEA TRS-483. Monte Carlo simulation beam model and ion chamber geometry definitions were supported by an extensive set of measurements. Type A and B uncertainty components were evaluated.Results: Commissioning of Monte Carlo 6 MV and 10 MV FFF beam models yielded relative differences between measured and simulated dose distributions lower than 1.5%. Monte Carlo simulated output factors for 5 mm SRS field agree with experimental values within 1% local relative difference for all chambers. Smallest active volume ion chamber (IBA-dosimetry RAZOR Nano Chamber) exhibits smallest correction, being compatible with unity. Correction factor combined uncertainties range between 0.7% and 0.9%. Smallest uncertainties were recorded for smallest and largest active volume ion chambers, although the latter exhibited largest correction factor. Highest contribution to combined uncertainty was type B component associated with beam model initial electron spatial Full Width Half Maximum (FWHM) uncertainty. Conclusions: Among the investigated chambers, the IBA RAZOR Nano Chamber was found to be an excellent choice for narrow beam output factor measurement since it requires minimum correction (in line with IAEA TRS-483 recommendations). This is caused by its tiny size and tissue equivalence materials which produce minimum volume averaging and fluence perturbationS

Evaluation of Dram Score as a Predictor of Poor Postoperative Outcome in Spine Surgery

[EN] The Distress Risk Assessment Method (DRAM) was presented by Main, Wood and Hillis in 1992 as a simple means of assessing the risk of failure due to psychosocial factors in spine surgery. To our knowledge, it has not been used in our setting. The aim of this study was to analyse the usefulness of the Spanish translation of this instrument to predict poor outcomes. Methods: A prospective blind study was conducted including 65 patients undergoing spine surgery. We created two groups of patients based on DRAM score: not distressed (NDRAM) or distressed (DDRAM). A visual analogue scale for pain and the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) were used at baseline, 6 weeks and 6 months. Results: 24 patients were classified as DDRAM and 38 as NDRAM, with 3 patients not completing the questionnaires. The analysis found no significant differences in the demographic or clinical variables at baseline. At 6 weeks and 6 months, the NDRAM group showed improvements in low back pain (p < 0.001; p = 0.005), leg pain (p < 0.001; p = 0.017), physical health (p = 0.031; p = 0.003) and mental health (p = 0.137; p = 0.049). In contrast, in the DDRAM group, though leg pain score improved (p < 0.001; p = 0.002), there was no improvement at 6 weeks or 6 months in low back pain (p = 0.108; p = 0.287), physical health (p = 0.620; p = 0.263) or mental health (p = 0.185; p = 0.329). Conclusions: In our setting, the DRAM is a useful screening tool, and it has allowed the creation of a program between psychiatry and spine surgeryS