3D hydrodynamic model as a tool for more efficient port management and operations.

Ports have been attempting to increase their competitiveness by enhancing their productivity and operate in a more environmentally friendly way. The Port of Seville is located in the Guadalquivir River in the south of Spain and it is the unique Spanish inland port. The estuary has generated and is still generating conflicts of interests. The access channel to the port is being periodically dredged, the natural course has been anthropologically modified several times, original salt marshes have been transformed to grow rice and approximately one-fourth of the total surface of the estuary is now part of two protected areas, one of them is a UNESCO_MAB Biosphere Reserve. Despite its socio-economic and environmental significance there is a surprising lack of scientific and technical information about the environmental interactions between the port activities and the Guadalquivir estuary stakeholders. A 3D hydrodynamic model has been developed to study the tidal regime, water circulation, temperature and salinity distributions, flooding areas and the sediment dynamics in the estuary. The model output has been validated with in situ current speed, direction, water elevation and also with temperature and salinity measurements. Good agreement between modeled and real measurements have been obtained. Our preliminary results show that the vessel traffic management could be improved by using the tidal elevations and currents calculated by the model in the whole estuary. The interactions among the port activities (mainly due of changes in the sediments dynamics), the watershed management and the saline intrusion evolution will be studied in detail. 3D Hydrodynamic Modelling provide spatially explicit information on the key variables governing the dynamics of estuarine areas. The numerical model is a powerful tool to effectively guide the management and operations of ports located in a complex socio-ecological systems.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Heat fluxes between the Guadalquivir river and the Gulf of Cádiz Continental Shelf

An 18-year time series of daily sea surface temperature of Gulf of Cadiz and an 18-month time series of temperature collected in the vicinity of the Guadalquivir estuary mouth have been analyzed to investigate the heat exchange between the estuary and the adjacent continental shelf. The first time identifies a continental shelf area where seasonal thermal oscillation signal (amplitudes and phase) changes abruptly. In order to explain this anomaly, the second data set allows a description of thermal fluctuations in a wide range of frequencies and an estimation of the upstream heat budget of the Guadalquivir estuary. Results show that high frequency thermal signal, diurnal and semidiurnal, and water flux signal through Guadalquivir mouth, mainly semidiurnal, apparently interact randomly to give a small exchange of thermal energy at high frequency. There is no trace, at the estuary's mouth, of daily heat exchanges with intertidal mudflats probably because it tends to cancel on daily time scales. Results also show that fluctuations of estimated air-sea fluxes force fluctuations of temperature in a quite homogeneous estuarine, with a delay of 20 days. The along-channel thermal energy gradient reaches magnitudes of 300-400 J m-4 near the mouth during the summer and winter and drives the estuary-shelf exchange of thermal energy at seasonal scale. Particularly, the thermal heat imported by the estuary from the shelf area during late fall-winter-early spring of 2008/2009 is balanced by the thermal heat that the estuary exports to the shelf area during late spring-summer of 2008. In summary, Guadalquivir river removes/imports excess of thermal energy towards/from the continental shelf seasonally, as a mechanism to accommodate excess of heat from one side respect to the other side.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. Autoridad Portuaria de Sevilla (APS

Physical characterization of the Guadiana Estuary using a 3D model

Guadiana estuary is an intertidal estuary situated in SW of Iberian Península, the latest 50 Km of which constitutes the natural border between Spain and Portugal. Tidal influence extends to about 80 Km upstream. The Guadiana River presents a high seasonal irregularity with wet winters and dry summers. A 3D hydrodynamic model based on the MOHID System has been developed to study the hydrodynamics of the Guadiana Estuary. The model has been validated by comparison the output with in situ data measurements in several points along the estuary.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Velocidad de las estrategias de reestructuración de empresas familiares en tiempos de crisis

This paper analyzes how fast do family businesses react to a decline in their financial performance. Turnaround is especially relevant in family businesses due to the importance of non-economic goals. We study the differences between family and non-family businesses in relation to closure and recovery speed, and the role of firm age and size as contingent factors. The empirical research analyzes panel data comprising more than 23,000 declining Spanish firms, over an eleven-year period (2006-2016). Our findings show that family businesses will close earlier than non-family businesses without significant difference between family and non-family businesses recovery speedEste artículo analiza qué tan rápido reaccionan las empresas familiares ante una caída en su desempeño financiero. La recuperación es especialmente relevante en las empresas familiares debido a la importancia de los objetivos no económicos. Estudiamos las diferencias entre empresas familiares y no familiares en relación con el cierre y la velocidad de recuperación, y el papel de la edad y el tamaño de la empresa como factores contingentes. La investigación empírica analiza datos de panel que comprenden más de 23.000 empresas españolas en declive, durante un período de once años (2006-2016). Nuestros hallazgos muestran que las empresas familiares cerrarán antes que las empresas no familiares sin una diferencia significativa entre la velocidad de recuperación de las empresas familiares y no familiare

Divulgación nutricional. Resolviendo dudas mediante debates

Memoria ID-0036. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2015-2016

Diseño y aplicación de una rúbrica para evaluar debates sobre divulgación nutricional

Memoria ID-0080. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2016-2017

Modelling extreme climatic events in Guadalquivir Estuary ( Spain)

Extreme climatic events, such as heat waves and severe storms are predicted to increase in frequency and magnitude as a consequence of global warming but their socio-ecological effects are poorly understood, particularly in estuarine ecosystems. The Guadalquivir Estuary has been anthropologically modified several times, the original salt marshes have been transformed to grow rice and cotton and approximately one-fourth of the total surface of the estuary is now part of two protected areas, one of them is a UNESCO, MAB Biosphere Reserve. The climatic events are most likely to affect Europe in forthcoming decades and a further understanding how these climatic disturbances drive abrupt changes in the Guadalquivir estuary is needed. A barotropic model has been developed to study how severe storm events affects the estuary by conducting paired control and climate-events simulations. The changes in the local wind and atmospheric pressure conditions in the estuary have been studied in detail and several scenarios are obtained by running the model under control and real storm conditions. The model output has been validated with in situ water elevation and good agreement between modelled and real measurements have been obtained. Our preliminary results show that the model demonstrated the capability describe of the tide-surge levels in the estuary, opening the possibility to study the interaction between climatic events and the port operations and food production activities. The barotropic hydrodynamic model provide spatially explicit information on the key variables governing the tide dynamics of estuarine areas under severe climatic scenarios . The numerical model will be a powerful tool in future climate change mitigation and adaptation programs in a complex socio-ecological system.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. Autoridad Portuaria de Sevill

Diseño y aplicación de rúbricas a la evaluación de monografías elaboradas en Nutrición y Bromatología mediante el uso de STUDIUM

Memoria ID-0071. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2015-2016

Un modelo para la descripción de las transiciones de fases en una barra de acero

El acero es una aleación de hierro y carbono al que se pueden unir una serie de elementos aleantes (Si, Mn, Ni, Cr, Al,. . . ). La cantidad de cada uno de ellos determina las propiedades del material y, por tanto, sus usos y aplicaciones industriales. En los aceros hipoeutectoides (con un nivel de C inferior al 0’77 %), se aprecia un cambio significativo en su estructura cristalina en un rango de temperaturas entre los 727◦C y los 912◦C, aproximadamente. A partir de este proceso de austenización, tras un enfriamiento “brusco” aparecen nuevas fases: perlita, ferrita, bainita y, fundamentalmente, martensita. Las propiedades físicas asociadas a cada una de ellas resultan cualitativamente diferentes: la martensita presenta un nivel de dureza superior a las demás fases pero tiene el inconveniente de ser frágil; por contra, la perlita es dúctil. En este trabajo nos centramos en el estudio de un modelo que describe las transiciones de fases en el acero (concretamente, para los aceros 42CrMo4 y SAE 1145). Se trata de un sistema de ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias en las que la temperatura será considerada inicialmente un dato, de acuerdo a un perfil de temperatura previamente fijado

Trend analysis in tobacco use in Andalusia (2011-2014) and factors related to use

Nowadays, smoking is the single greatest preventable cause of death in the world and tobacco is the most prevalent drug ever used. Considering that many people begin smoking in early adolescence, it is essential to further research this matter in order to better understand this behavior as well as enact adequate prevention and health-promotion programs. Despite data confirming a decrease in tobacco consumption in the last few years, it is still necessary to pay more attention to factors that may be related to adolescent smoking. Regarding these factors, a relationship between age and gender in relation to tobacco use has been fully established, showing higher use among older adolescents and females. Furthermore, parental smoking has shown to be a common catalyst for smoking initiation during adolescence. However, results are not completely consistent regarding this association. Some studies suggest that close friends’ smoking provides a substantial source of modeling of experimentation with tobacco, even more powerful than parents’ smoking. The current study seeks to identify trends in smoking behaviour (2011 – 2014) and investigates the relationship between age, gender, parental smoking and best friend’s smoking, and tobacco use among Andalusian adolescent students. The sample for this study is composed of 17,662 students aged 11 to 18 years old: 15,684 in 2011 (7,822 girls) and 1,978 in 2014 (962 girls). In both cases, the data are representative of Andalusian adolescent students. We used some items of the tobacco consumption questionnaire designed by the international team of Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study (HBSC): adolescent current tobacco consumption, tobacco use of best friend, mother and father. Data confirm a decrease in adolescent tobacco use between 2011 and 2014. Females smoke more than males in 2011 and 2014, although gender differences diminish in 2014. Moreover, age, gender and close people’s smoking explain a higher percentage of variance in 2011 than in 2014. Results are discussed in terms of the importance of monitoring tobacco use in adolescence in order to adjust intervention policies. In this respect, even though this study confirms a decline in consumption, this may be attributable to the application of anti-smoking laws or the implementation of prevention programs, as well as a change in recent years in factors related to us