Creación de índices inmobiliarios desagregados de vivienda nueva para la ciudad de Bogotá.

En este estudio se establecieron los barrios y tipologías de inmueble que presentan un mayor retorno ajustado al riesgo para la ciudad de Bogotá por medio de la construcción de índices generales y específicos de precios de vivienda nueva y la selección de un portafolio de carácter inmobiliario. Se observó que los índices de precios de vivienda en Colombia presentan altos niveles de retorno anualizado y bajos niveles de volatilidad, para el periodo comprendido entre enero de 2010 y junio de 2020.Introducción ; Marco teórico ; Estado del arte ; Metodología ; Resultados ; Conclusiones.Magíster en Finanzas Corporativa

Supporting tech founders—a needs‑must approach to the delivery of acceleration programmes for a post‑pandemic world

Along with most economic sectors, the COVID-19 crisis has had a strong impact on start-up accelerators, forcing them to seek urgent and imaginative solutions to quickly adapt to a new environment. The enforced change brought challenges that have been exacerbated by the sudden slowdown in economic activity. Despite these difficulties, it has become clear that the accelerated digital transformation that emerged through a needs-must approach to engage with start-ups through remote means has also presented new opportunities for accelerators to improve their programmes. This article analyses the impact of the COVID crisis on the organisation and results obtained by a European accelerator, which delivers programmes for growth stage technology start-ups. For this purpose, two very similar programmes have been analysed and compared: one focused on industrial technologies (delivered in 2019–2020) and another one focused on products and services built on space technologies (2020–2021). The research has been undertaken using observational techniques, reinforced through the collection of primary and secondary data throughout the study duration. The result of the analysis point to a possible post-COVID accelerator model that blends online and remote delivery as a new way of improving the experience of start-ups and optimising the use of scarce resourcesThis work has been partially funded by the European Commission under the project “Space End: Endeavour Space Hub” (GA #870480)

La carga de la prueba en los delitos sexuales contra menores de edad

El presente artículo pretende demostrar las implicaciones que tiene la prevalencia constitucional de los derechos del niño en la carga de la prueba de los procesos penales por delitos sexuales contra menores de edad. para tal fin, se analizan las dos funciones de la carga de la prueba: su función formal, es decir, la distribución de las cargas probatorias entre las partes, con el fin de determinar la incidencia del interés superior del niño y la función material de la carga de la prueba, esto es, como regla de juicio para la decisión del juzgador en caso de duda. en este punto, el in dubio pro reo se estudia como regla de juicio general en el proceso penal en contraste con una nueva regla desarrollada por la jurisprudencia constitucional: el principio pro infans

Comportamiento bajo carga cíclica de muros prefabricados de pared delgada de ferrocemento: una investigación experimental y analítica

Los muros de ferrocemento de pared delgada son los elementos estructurales, que conforman el sistema sismo resistente de viviendas construidas con este material. En este artículo se presentan los resultados obtenidos de una campaña experimental; llevada a cabo sobre muros prefabricados de pared delgada a escala real, los cuales fueron evaluados bajo ensayos de carga cíclica. Los ensayos permitieron evaluar: la resistencia, el comportamiento histerético, la ductilidad, la disipación de energía, el amortiguamiento equivalente, el coeficiente de disipación de energía y los modos de falla característicos de los muros de ferrocemento bajo carga cíclica. Al final, se implementó un modelo analítico que captura el comportamiento no lineal, exhibido por los muros de ferrocemento bajo carga cíclica y se evalúo la factibilidad y su potencial uso en el diseño sismo resistente de muros realizados en dicho material.Thin ferrocement walls are the structural elements that comprise the earthquake resistant system of housing built with this material. This article presents the results drawn from an experimental campaign carried out over full-scale precast ferrocement thin walls, which were assessed under cyclic loading conditions. The tests assessed the strength of the walls, their hysteretic behavior, ductility, energy dissipation, equivalent damping, their coefficient of energy dissipation and their characteristic failure mode when subjected to cyclic loading conditions. Finally, an analytical model that modeled the nonlinear dynamic behavior exhibited by ferrocement walls was implemented; its feasibility and potential use in earthquake resistant design of ferrocement walls was evaluated

Ensemble of random forests One vs. Rest classifiers for MCI and AD prediction using ANOVA cortical and subcortical feature selection and partial least squares.

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly and affects approximately 30 million individuals worldwide. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is very frequently a prodromal phase of AD, and existing studies have suggested that people with MCI tend to progress to AD at a rate of about 10 % to 15 % per year. However, the ability of clinicians and machine learning systems to predict AD based on MRI biomarkers at an early stage is still a challenging problem that can have a great impact in improving treatments. Method: The proposed system, developed by the SiPBA-UGR team for this challenge, is based on feature standardization, ANOVA feature selection, partial least squares feature dimension reduction and an ensemble of one vs. rest random forest classifiers. With the aim of improving its performance when discriminating healthy controls (HC) from MCI, a second binary classification level was introduced that reconsiders the HC and MCI predictions of the first level. Results: The system was trained and evaluated on an ADNI datasets that consist of T1-weighted MRI morphological measurements from HC, stable MCI, converter MCI and AD subjects. The proposed system yields a 56.25 % classification score on the test subset which consists of 160 real subjects. Comparison with Existing Method(s): The classifier yielded the best performance when compared to: i) One vs. One (OvO), One vs. Rest (OvR) and error correcting output codes (ECOC) as strategies for reducing the multiclass classification task to multiple binary classification problems, ii) support vector machines, gradient boosting classifier and random forest as base binary classifiers, and iii) bagging ensemble learning. Conclusions: A robust method has been proposed for the international challenge on MCI prediction based on MRI data.This work was supported by the MINECO/FEDER under TEC2015-64718-R project, the Consejería de Economía, Innovacion, Ciencia, y Empleo of the Junta de Andalucía under the P11-TIC-7103 Excellence Project and the Salvador de Madariaga Mobility Grants 2017

Hydrologic and icthyologic evaluation of the middle course of the Cauca river between its tributaries (San Francisco, Campoalegre and Chinchina rivers) Caldas (Colombia)

Objetivos: Dar a conocer los peces asociados al cauce medio del río Cauca (municipios de Chinchiná y Palestina, departamento de Caldas, Colombia). Alcance: Inventario cualitativo y cuantitativo de los ejemplares observados y la información suministrada por los muestreos realizados. Metodología: Observación directa, medición de parámetros físicos y químicos de las aguas, y captura de peces mediante artes y métodos locales. Principales resultados: Se confirman los registros de 14 especies de peces nativos, así como el estado fisicoquímico y limnológico de las aguas. Conclusiones: Es un trabajo pionero para entender: (1) la calidad del agua del río Cauca, que es abundante sólo en Valle del Cauca y del Quindío, donde estudios limnológicos y de contaminación, en Caldas, las condiciones físicas y químicas del agua, así como las épocas de lluvias y de secas, constituyen uno de los principales elementos reguladores de las alteraciones de frecuencia de los peces en el río; (2) la caracterización física (sólidos suspendidos totales, temperatura) y química (conductividad, oxígeno disuelto, pH), realizada en las aguas de los ríos San Francisco (Est. 1) y Campoalegre (Est. 5), ambos efluentes del río Cauca y el propio río Cauca (Ests. 2, 3, 4), muestran tendencias muy similares a pesar de las diferencias e impactos presentes en sus cuencas, las épocas de lluvias y de secas, regularon la frecuencia y abundancia relativa de los peces en el río Cauca; (3) Chaetostoma fisheri (cucha de piedra, corroncho marrón) fue la especie más abundante, seguida de Pimelodus grosskopfii (Bagre llavero, barbudo blanco) y de Pterygoplichthys undecimalis (Soldadito, paraco, cucha de quebrada) por su presencia equitativa en las estaciones de muestreo y en casi todas las estaciones; y (4) los pescadores afirman, que tradicionalmente existen relaciones entre la presencia de los peces y el clima, tal como se pudo comprobar en este estudio.Objective: To make known fish associated to the middle course of the Cauca river (Municipalities of Chinchiná and Palestina, Department of Caldas, Colombia). Scope: Qualitative and quantitative inventory of the observed individuals and the information provided by the samplings. Methodology: Direct observation, measurement of physical and chemical parameters of waters and capture of fish using local arts and methods. Main results: The records of 14 species of native fish as well as the physicochemical and limnological water status are confirmed. Conclusions: It is a pioneering work to understand: (1) the water quality of the Cauca River, which is abundant only in Valle del Cauca and Quindio, where limnology and pollution studies have been conducted. In Caldas, the physical and chemical water conditions and the rainy and dry seasons constitute the main regulating elements of the frequency alterations of fish in the river; (2) The physical (total suspended solids, temperature) and chemical (conductivity, dissolved oxygen, pH) characterization held in the waters of the San Francisco (St. 1) and Campoalegre (St. 5) rivers, both tributaries of the Cauca river and the Cauca river itself (Sts. 2, 3, 4), show very similar trends despite the differences and impacts present in their basins; the rainy and dry seasons regulated frequency and relative abundance of fish in the Cauca River; (3) Chaetostoma fisheri (cucha stone, brown corroncho) was the most abundant species, followed by Pimelodus grosskopfii (Catfish Key, white bearded) and by Pterygoplichthys undecimalis (Soldier, paraco, broken doghouse) because of their equitable presence in sampling stations and in almost all stations; and (4) the fishermen claim that traditionally there are relationships between the presence of fish and the weather, as we noted in this study. broken doghouse) because of their equitable presence in sampling stations and in almost all stations; and (4) the fishermen claim that traditionally there are relationships between the presence of fish and the weather, as we noted in this study

Design of service robots: Experiences using software engineering

This article relates our experiences over the last 15 years in the development of robotic applications within the field of service robotics, using the techniques proposed by software engineering. The process began with domain engineering and reference architectures, moved on to component-oriented development, and currently centered on model-driven design. One of the key problems in software development for robotic systems is that the possibilities of reusing software in new applications are frequently limited. This means that we are forced over and over to solve the same problems starting practically from zero every time. The possible causes of this include the following: 1) robotics specialists normally concentrate more on developing algorithms and the way to solve concrete problems than on organizing the software; 2) lack of good standards for the development of robotic software and implementations of these standards; 3) the case studies conducted to demonstrate the viability of software engineering techniques traditionally deal with information management systems; and 4) the robotics community see software engineering not as a solution but as another problem that adds complexity to already complex problems. This research has helped to demonstrate the viability of using software engineering techniques in real industrial applications, albeit using academic tools that cannot readily be accepted by industry.This work has been supported by EU and Spanish Government research programmes: 5th FP (GROWTH G3RD-CT-00794), CICYT-FEDER Program (MEDWSA, TIN2006-15175-C05- 02). Additional funds have been supplied by the Government of Murcia (Fundación Séneca) and the Spanish Ministry of Industry (PROFIT programs)

A cost-effective robotic solution for the cleaning of ships' hulls

Hull cleaning before repainting is a key operation in the maintenance of ships. For more than a decade, a means to improve this operation has been sought through robotization and the use of different techniques such as grit blasting and ultra high pressure water jetting. Despite this, it continues to be standard practice in shipyards that this process is carried out manually. This paper presents a family of robots that aims to offer important improvements to the process as well as satisfying, to a great extent, all the operative requirements of efficiency, security, and respect for the environment that shipyards nowadays demand. It is described the family of devices with emphasis on the mechanical design. This set consists of two vertical robotic towers and a robot climber. In addition, it is shown the control architecture of the global system. Finally, operative results are presented together with a comparison between the performance achieved in shipyards through the use of these robots and those obtained with a manual process.The work submitted here has been developed within the framework of the “EFTCoR: Environmentally Friendly and Cost-Effective Technology for Coating Removal (EFTCoR)” project, Fifth Frame Programme of the European Community (ref. GRD2-2001-50004). It has also received financing from the Spanish government (national plan of I + D + I, PET 2008-0131 and MEDWSA-TIN2006-5175-CO5-O2) and from the Government of the Region of Murcia (Séneca Foundation)

Valoración de la anestesia raquídea para operación cesárea por parte de la paciente y su relacionamiento con el anestesiólogo, en el Hospital Pereira Rossell, año 2019

Silvina Davila: Estudiante de Medicina, Ciclo de Metodología Científica II, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Uruguay. La contribución en la realización del trabajo fue equivalente a la de los demás estudiantes.-- Agustina Del Palacio: Estudiante de Medicina, Ciclo de Metodología Científica II, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Uruguay. La contribución en la realización del trabajo fue equivalente a la de los demás estudiantes.-- Valentina Garcia: Estudiante de Medicina, Ciclo de Metodología Científica II, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Uruguay. La contribución en la realización del trabajo fue equivalente a la de los demás estudiantes.-- Andrés Gonzalez: Estudiante de Medicina, Ciclo de Metodología Científica II, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Uruguay. La contribución en la realización del trabajo fue equivalente a la de los demás estudiantes.-- Diego Royano: Estudiante de Medicina, Ciclo de Metodología Científica II, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Uruguay. La contribución en la realización del trabajo fue equivalente a la de los demás estudiantes.-- Martina Salgueiro: Estudiante de Medicina, Ciclo de Metodología Científica II, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Uruguay. La contribución en la realización del trabajo fue equivalente a la de los demás estudiantes.-- Martín Pérez De Palleja: Docente supervisor. Departamento de Anestesiología de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.-- Carlos Álvarez: Docente supervisor. Departamento de Anestesiología de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.-- Contacto: [email protected] nuestro país las cifras de cesárea han venido aumentando en los últimos años, siendo la anestesia raquídea la de elección en la mayoría de las situaciones. El presente estudio pretende determinar la valoración de la anestesia raquídea, así como el relacionamiento con el anestesiólogo tratante, por parte de la paciente. Se realizó un estudio observacional, retrospectivo en el cual se tomó una muestra de 215 pacientes que recibieron anestesia raquídea para operación cesárea durante el período julio-setiembre del año 2019 en el Hospital Pereira Rossell. La información se recabó mediante encuesta de opinión. De los datos obtenidos resulta que el 76,7% afirma que de ser necesario una cesárea en el futuro lo haría nuevamente con esta misma técnica y más del 90% de las pacientes recibieron buen trato por parte del anestesiólogo tratante. Estos resultados se correlacionan con el hecho de que un 86,5% de las encuestadas refieren una buena experiencia con la anestesia raquídea. Este trabajo logró demostrar una asociación entre elementos relacionados a la técnica anestésica y al trato recibido por el anestesiólogo con el grado de satisfacción frente a la experiencia anestésica.There has been an increasing tendency during the latest years on caesarean section in our country; spinal anesthesia being the one of choice in most situations.The aim of our study is to determine the degree of satisfaction on neuraxial anaesthesia of pregnant women and how they qualify the relationship with the treating anesthesiologist during 2019 at Pereira Rossell Hospital. We conducted a retrospective observational study from july to september from 2019, 215 postnatal women that record having received neuraxial anesthesia during labour were surveyed. Overall, 76.7% women agreed with applying this anesthesia at a future childbirth, and over 90% refer experienced a good relationship with the anesthesiologist. These factors were related to maternal satisfaction due to 86,5% of them recall neuraxial anesthesia as a good experience. This work allows us to demonstrate that anesthesias technic application and the relationship with the anesthesiologist can be related to patients satisfaction towards neuraxial anesthesia

Granger Causality-based Information Fusion Applied to Electrical Measurements from Power Transformers.

In the immediate future, with the increasing presence of electrical vehicles and the large increase in the use of renewable energies, it will be crucial that distribution power networks are managed, supervised and exploited in a similar way as the transmission power systems were in previous decades. To achieve this, the underlying infrastructure requires automated monitoring and digitization, including smart-meters, wide-band communication systems, electronic device based-local controllers, and the Internet of Things. All of these technologies demand a huge amount of data to be curated, processed, interpreted and fused with the aim of real-time predictive control and supervision of medium/low voltage transformer substations. Wiener–Granger causality, a statistical notion of causal inference based on Information Fusion could help in the prediction of electrical behaviour arising from common causal dependencies. Originally developed in econometrics, it has successfully been applied to several fields of research such as the neurosciences and is applicable to time series data whereby cause precedes effect. In this paper, we demonstrate the potential of this methodology in the context of power measures for providing theoretical models of low/medium power transformers. Up to our knowledge, the proposed method in this context is the first attempt to build a data-driven power system model based on G-causality. In particular, we analysed directed functional connectivity of electrical measures providing a statistical description of observed responses, and identified the causal structure within data in an exploratory analysis. Pair-wise conditional G-causality of power transformers, their independent evolution in time, and the joint evolution in time and frequency are discussed and analysed in the experimental section.This work was partly supported by the MINECO/ FEDER under the RTI2018- 098913-B100 project. The authors would like to acknowledge the support of 370 CDTI (Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnologico Industrial, Ministerio de Cien cia, Innovacion y Universidades and FEDER, SPAIN) under the PASTORA project (Ref.: ITC-20181102). and to thank the companies within the PAS TORA consortium: Endesa, Ayesa, Ormaz´abal and Ingelectus. We would like to thank the reviewers for their thoughtful comments and efforts towards im 375 proving our manuscript. Finally, JM Gorriz would like to thank Dr G´omez Exp´osito for his helpful advice and comments