El canasto una estrategia etnopedagógica para orientar las matemáticas en los estudiantes de grado primero de la Escuela de Albicito – Gran Sábalo, Municipio De Tumaco.

Entrevista a estudiantes de grado primero y padres de familia,Consentimiento informadoEste proyecto aplicado está basado en el canasto Awá como principio para orientar y generar un aprendizaje significativo de las nociones básicas de matemáticas en estudiantes de la cultura Awá, de grado primero, que asisten a una institución educativa en Tumaco Nariño (Colombia). Para diseñar la estrategia etnopedagógica, se indagó sobre los pre-saberes que tienen los estudiantes en la materia señalada y utilizando el canasto Awá, se desarrolló e implementó en una muestra elegida. La observación se hizo con una población de 10 niños y niñas Awá, con edades entre 6 y 8 años, de primer grado, de la Sede Educativa Albicito – Gran Sábalo de Tumaco. La investigación tiene enfoque cualitativo y el método es de investigación acción en las diferentes fases de observación, planificación, acción y reflexión. Para recolectar la información se utilizó la entrevista y la revisión de documentos. Como instrumento, los diarios de campo, los cuales permitieron registrar los momentos más significativos del proceso investigativo y pedagógico; desde el diseño hasta la implementación de la estrategia etnopedagógica. El resultado de la investigación muestra que con la etnopedagogía utilizada, se logran progresos en los procesos de asimilación, apropiación de conceptos matemáticos como contar, elaborar conjuntos y ubicación temporo-espacial en el territorio. Se destaca que la estrategia del canasto brinda confianza y motivación.This project was applied focused was implemented an ethnopedagogical strategy remained in the canasto In order to achieve this goal, was inquired about the students salaries about mathematics; An ethno-pedagogical strategy was designed and implemented based on the tools to generate meaningful learning in the basic notions of mathematics. A population was chosen, 10 students of the first degree of the Educational Headquarters were chosen; with the ages that have changed between 6 and 8 years. It should be noted that all children participating in the Awá culture. The methodology of the research on which we rely on the qualitative approach and the action research method, from which it is seen in the different phases of observation, planning, action and reflection, to collect the information. Documents and the instruments of the field journals, which allowed recording the most significant moments of the research and pedagogical process from the design and implementation of the strategy. As a result of this project, various progresses were made in the processes of assimilation, appropriation of mathematical concepts (counting, elaborating sets, temporal-spatial location in the territory) emphasizing that the canasto as ethno-pedagogical strategy provided trust and motivation

Estrategia pedagógica basada en el reconocimiento de la planta medicinal El Puilde, para promover procesos de comprensión lectora con los niños y niñas de los niños y niñas del grado tercero del Centro Educativo El Albicito en Tumaco-Nariño

Formato de consentimiento informado, documento que contiene la información de las entrevistas, formato de diario de campoeEl presente proyecto aplicado se construyó con el objetivo de fortalecer la comprensión lectora con los niños y niñas de tercer grado del Centro Educativo El Albicito a través de la implementación de una estrategia pedagógica basada en el reconocimiento del Puilde considerada como una planta sagrada que está en la selva donde viven el Pueblo Awá, es muy importante para la comunidad, porque permite curar diferentes enfermedades de la montaña. La estructura se realizó con base en los lineamientos de la investigación cualitativa porque permite el análisis de la cotidianidad de un grupo poblacional y como está influye en las relaciones que se tejen; es de corte etnográfico, por el acercamiento con las técnicas de recolección de información como las entrevistas y la observación participante que para lograrla se abrieron escenarios como visitas a terreno, encuentro con Mayores Sabedores y toda la comunidad educativa. Por otra parte, como soporte teórico se cita los principios de la educación desde la cosmovisión del Pueblo Awá, además, se soporta desde las bases que ofrece el aprendizaje significativo referenciado por Ausubel. La construcción de la estrategia pedagógica contiene tres planes de aulas y se armonizaron actividades en línea de la educación propia como recorridos de campo en conjunto con la comunidad educativa y se contó además, con el apoyo de los Mayores Sabedores, quienes generosamente compartieron todo su conocimiento sobre medicina tradicional. Como resultados de la implementación de la estrategia pedagógica, es que estudiantes pudieron observar y tocar a la planta medicinal el Puilde, se enseñó la representación que tiene para el pueblo Awá frente a la construcción de identidad cultural; de igual manera, como responsables de al aplicación de la estrategia, el principal aprendizaje es hay múltiples formas de enseñar a un alumno y que si se proyecta bien las acciones en todas las áreas se puede fortalecer la comprensión lectora, esta acción no solo debe ser del área de castellano.This applied project was built with the aim of strengthening reading comprehension with the children of the third grade of El Albicito Educational Center through the implementation of a pedagogical strategy based on the recognition of the Puilde considered as a sacred plant that is in the forest where the Awa people live, is very important for the community, because it allows to cure different diseases of the mountain. The structure was made based on the qualitative research guidelines because it allows the analysis of the daily life of a population group and how it influences the relationships that are woven; It is ethnographic, by the approach with information gathering techniques such as interviews and participant observation to open scenarios such as field visits, meeting with Elders and the entire educational community. On the other hand, as a theoretical support, the principles of education are cited from the Awa people's worldview, and it is supported from the bases offered by the significant learning referenced by Ausubel. The construction of the pedagogical strategy contains three classroom plans and online activities of own education were harmonized as field trips in conjunction with the educational community and was also counted on, with the support of the Elderly Learners, who generously shared all their knowledge about traditional medicine. As a result of the implementation of the pedagogical strategy, it is that students could observe and touch the medicinal plant El Puilde, the representation that it has for the Awá people was taught in front of the construction of cultural identity; Likewise, as responsible for the application of the strategy, the main learning is there are multiple ways of teaching a student and that if the actions are well projected in all areas, reading comprehension can be strengthened, this action should not only be from the area of Castilian

Small and medium hotels cluster analysis in Huatulco, Mexico, as a tool to develop a cross sector network

En este estudio se realiza un diagnóstico sobre el sistema de calidad implantado en hoteles pequeños y medianos. A partir del mismo se realiza un análisis cluster para segmentar los mismos, como paso previo para desarrollar una estrategia común de calidad como primer escalón para desarrollar una red turística multiagente de destino. Bahías de Huatulco, México se presenta como estudio de caso.In order to develop a cross sector network hotels within the region must foster it due to their comparative size. This paper presents an investigation on the quality system implemented in small and medium hotels in the Bahias de Huatulco area. Segmentation is based on a cluster analysis. This is considered the first step in order to develop a cross sector network. Bahías de Huatulco, México, is a study case

Internet of Underground Things ESP8266 WiFi Coverage Study

[EN] The Internet of Underground Things (IoUT) is a novel concept regarding Internet of Things (IoT). It could have countless applications, particularly in agriculture as buried devices do not interfere with the machinery. Furthermore, wireless communication among buried and above ground devices would allow a significant cost reduction as wires would not need to be deployed and wires would not be destroyed by machinery or impede the correct performance of the activities performed by the workers of the field. In this paper, we perform a WiFi coverage study of ESP8266 nodes placed both underground and above ground so as to assess the current lack of knowledge in IoUT and the performance of low-cost controller boards for IoUT applications. Tests were performed with ESP8266 nodes buried at depths of 10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm and 40 cm in a field located in an area of citrus fields. A node programmed as an AP (Access Point) was placed at several distances at a height of 50 cm. Results showed that the coverage was better for the node buried at a depth of 20 cm.This work has been partially supported by the European Union through the ERANETMED (Euromediterranean Cooperation through ERANET joint activities and beyond) project ERANETMED3-227 SMARTWATIR and by the European Union with the Fondo Europeo Agrícola de Desarrollo Rural (FEADER) Europa invierte en zonas rurales¿, the MAPAMA, and Comunidad de Madrid with the IMIDRA, under the mark of the PDR-CM 2014-2020 project number PDR18-XEROCESPED.García, L.; Parra-Boronat, L.; Jimenez, JM.; Lloret, J.; Abouaissa, A.; Lorenz, P. (2019). Internet of Underground Things ESP8266 WiFi Coverage Study. IARIA XPS Press. 1-6. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/180617S1

New Protocol and Architecture for a Wastewater Treatment System Intended for Irrigation

[EN] Water quality may be affected by aspects such as pollution from industries, agricultural fertilizers and pesticides, and waste produced by humans. This contamination can affect the produce of the fields irrigated by untreated water. Therefore, it is necessary to add a treatment process in irrigation systems. In this paper, an architecture, communication protocol, and a data analysis algorithm for a wastewater treatment system intended for irrigation are presented. Our system includes a smart group-based wireless sensor network that is able to detect high salinity levels and pollution stains, such as oil spills. When contamination is detected, the water is led into auxiliary canals that perform the biosorption process to treat the water and dump it back into the main canal. Simulations were performed to assess the amount of data stored on the secure digital (SD) card, the consumed bandwidth, and the energy consumption of our proposal. The results show the system has a low bandwidth consumption with a maximum of 2.58 kbps for the setting of two daily data transmissions of the node in the last auxiliary canal. Furthermore, it can sustain the energy consumption in adverse conditions, where the node with the highest energy consumption reaches the lowest energy value of 12,320 mW/h.This research was partially funded by the European Union through the ERANETMED (Euromediterranean Cooperation through ERANET joint activities and beyond) project ERANETMED3-227 SMARTWATIR. This work has also been partially funded by the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia through the post-doctoral PAID-10-20 program and by Conselleria de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte with the Subvenciones para la contratacion de personal investigador en fase postdoctoral, grant number APOSTD/2019/04.Jimenez, JM.; Parra-Boronat, L.; García, L.; Lloret, J.; Mauri, PV.; Lorenz, P. (2021). New Protocol and Architecture for a Wastewater Treatment System Intended for Irrigation. Applied Sciences. 11(8):1-21. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11083648S12111

DronAway: A Proposal on the Use of Remote Sensing Drones as Mobile Gateway for WSN in Precision Agriculture

[EN] The increase in the world population has led to new needs for food. Precision Agriculture (PA) is one of the focuses of these policies to optimize the crops and facilitate crop management using technology. Drones have been gaining popularity in PA to perform remote sensing activities such as photo and video capture as well as other activities such as fertilization or scaring animals. These drones could be used as a mobile gateway as well, benefiting from its already designed flight plan. In this paper, we evaluate the adequacy of remote sensing drones to perform gateway functionalities, providing a guide for choosing the best drone parameters for successful WiFi data transmission between sensor nodes and the gateway in PA systems for crop monitoring and management. The novelty of this paper compared with existing mobile gateway proposals is that we are going to test the performance of the drone that is acting as a remote sensing tool to carry a low-cost gateway node to gather the data from the nodes deployed on the field. Taking this in mind, simulations of different scenarios were performed to determine if the data can be transmitted correctly or not considering different flying parameters such as speed (from 1 to 20 m/s) and flying height (from 4 to 104 m) and wireless sensor network parameters such as node density (1 node each 60 m(2) to 1 node each 5000 m(2)) and antenna coverage (25 to 200 m). We have calculated the time that each node remains with connectivity and the time required to send the data to estimate if the connection will be bad, good, or optimal. Results point out that for the maximum node density, there is only one combination that offers good connectivity (lowest velocity, the flying height of 24 m, and antenna with 25 m of coverage). For the other node densities, several combinations of flying height and antenna coverage allows good and optimal connectivity.This work is partially founded by the European Union with the "Fondo Europeo Agricola de Desarrollo Rural (FEADER)-Europa invierte en zonas rurales", the MAPAMA, and Comunidad de Madrid with the IMIDRA, under the mark of the PDR-CM 2014-2020" project number PDR18-XEROCESPED, by the European Union through the ERANETMED (Euromediterranean Cooperation through ERANET joint activities and beyond) project ERANETMED3-227 SMARTWATIR, and by Conselleria de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte with the Subvenciones para la contratacion de personal investigador en fase postdoctoral, grant number APOSTD/2019/04.García, L.; Parra-Boronat, L.; Jimenez, JM.; Lloret, J.; Mauri, PV.; Lorenz, P. (2020). DronAway: A Proposal on the Use of Remote Sensing Drones as Mobile Gateway for WSN in Precision Agriculture. Applied Sciences. 10(19):1-23. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10196668S1231019Agriculture and Rural Development Agriculture and Rural Development https://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/cap-post-2013/Kropff, M. J., Wallinga, J., & Lotz, L. A. P. (2007). Modelling for Precision Weed Management. Ciba Foundation Symposium 210 - Precision Agriculture: Spatial and Temporal Variability of Environmental Quality, 182-207. doi:10.1002/9780470515419.ch12Toth, C., & Jóźków, G. (2016). Remote sensing platforms and sensors: A survey. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 115, 22-36. doi:10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2015.10.004Pajares, G. (2015). Overview and Current Status of Remote Sensing Applications Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, 81(4), 281-330. doi:10.14358/pers.81.4.281Maes, W. H., & Steppe, K. (2019). Perspectives for Remote Sensing with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Precision Agriculture. Trends in Plant Science, 24(2), 152-164. doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2018.11.007Psirofonia, P., Samaritakis, V., Eliopoulos, P., & Potamitis, I. (2017). Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Agricultural Applications with Emphasis on Crop Protection: Three Novel Case - studies. International Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 5(1), 30-39. doi:10.12783/ijast.2017.0501.03Agriculture Drones Market by Offering (Hardware and Software & Services), Application (Precision Farming, Livestock Monitoring, Precision Fish Farming, and Smart Greenhouse), Component, and Geography—Global Forecast to 2024 https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Market-Reports/agriculture-drones-market-23709764.html?gclid=CjwKCAiA-P7xBRAvEiwAow-VaRPLzQ4x9YHOwUyC4e-PBfJvjpkB4Bqx9WWIt6S-lM0FsKvUcbqLdxoC_VcQAvD_BwECunliffe, A. M., Brazier, R. E., & Anderson, K. (2016). Ultra-fine grain landscape-scale quantification of dryland vegetation structure with drone-acquired structure-from-motion photogrammetry. Remote Sensing of Environment, 183, 129-143. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2016.05.019Zhang, J., Hu, J., Lian, J., Fan, Z., Ouyang, X., & Ye, W. (2016). Seeing the forest from drones: Testing the potential of lightweight drones as a tool for long-term forest monitoring. Biological Conservation, 198, 60-69. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2016.03.027Urbahs, A., & Jonaite, I. (2013). FEATURES OF THE USE OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES FOR AGRICULTURE APPLICATIONS. Aviation, 17(4), 170-175. doi:10.3846/16487788.2013.861224Raeva, P. L., Šedina, J., & Dlesk, A. (2018). Monitoring of crop fields using multispectral and thermal imagery from UAV. European Journal of Remote Sensing, 52(sup1), 192-201. doi:10.1080/22797254.2018.1527661Stehr, N. J. (2015). Drones: The Newest Technology for Precision Agriculture. Natural Sciences Education, 44(1), 89-91. doi:10.4195/nse2015.04.0772Kurkute, S. R. (2018). Drones for Smart Agriculture: A Technical Report. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology, 6(4), 341-346. doi:10.22214/ijraset.2018.4061Puri, V., Nayyar, A., & Raja, L. (2017). Agriculture drones: A modern breakthrough in precision agriculture. Journal of Statistics and Management Systems, 20(4), 507-518. doi:10.1080/09720510.2017.1395171Valente, J., Sanz, D., Barrientos, A., Cerro, J. del, Ribeiro, Á., & Rossi, C. (2011). An Air-Ground Wireless Sensor Network for Crop Monitoring. Sensors, 11(6), 6088-6108. doi:10.3390/s110606088Hunt, E. R., & Daughtry, C. S. T. (2017). What good are unmanned aircraft systems for agricultural remote sensing and precision agriculture? International Journal of Remote Sensing, 39(15-16), 5345-5376. doi:10.1080/01431161.2017.1410300Tsouros, D. C., Bibi, S., & Sarigiannidis, P. G. (2019). A Review on UAV-Based Applications for Precision Agriculture. Information, 10(11), 349. doi:10.3390/info10110349Daponte, P., De Vito, L., Glielmo, L., Iannelli, L., Liuzza, D., Picariello, F., & Silano, G. (2019). A review on the use of drones for precision agriculture. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 275, 012022. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/275/1/012022Boehm, F., & Schulte, A. (2013). Air to ground sensor data distribution using IEEE802.11N Wi-Fi network. 2013 IEEE/AIAA 32nd Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC). doi:10.1109/dasc.2013.6712581Stek, T. D. (2016). Drones over Mediterranean landscapes. The potential of small UAV’s (drones) for site detection and heritage management in archaeological survey projects: A case study from Le Pianelle in the Tappino Valley, Molise (Italy). Journal of Cultural Heritage, 22, 1066-1071. doi:10.1016/j.culher.2016.06.006Marín, J., Parra, L., Rocher, J., Sendra, S., Lloret, J., Mauri, P. V., & Masaguer, A. (2018). Urban Lawn Monitoring in Smart City Environments. Journal of Sensors, 2018, 1-16. doi:10.1155/2018/8743179Ojha, T., Misra, S., & Raghuwanshi, N. S. (2015). Wireless sensor networks for agriculture: The state-of-the-art in practice and future challenges. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 118, 66-84. doi:10.1016/j.compag.2015.08.011Tzounis, A., Katsoulas, N., Bartzanas, T., & Kittas, C. (2017). Internet of Things in agriculture, recent advances and future challenges. Biosystems Engineering, 164, 31-48. doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2017.09.007Aqeel-ur-Rehman, Abbasi, A. Z., Islam, N., & Shaikh, Z. A. (2014). A review of wireless sensors and networks’ applications in agriculture. Computer Standards & Interfaces, 36(2), 263-270. doi:10.1016/j.csi.2011.03.004Ruiz-Garcia, L., Lunadei, L., Barreiro, P., & Robla, I. (2009). A Review of Wireless Sensor Technologies and Applications in Agriculture and Food Industry: State of the Art and Current Trends. Sensors, 9(6), 4728-4750. doi:10.3390/s90604728Srbinovska, M., Gavrovski, C., Dimcev, V., Krkoleva, A., & Borozan, V. (2015). Environmental parameters monitoring in precision agriculture using wireless sensor networks. Journal of Cleaner Production, 88, 297-307. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.04.036Yu, X., Wu, P., Han, W., & Zhang, Z. (2013). A survey on wireless sensor network infrastructure for agriculture. Computer Standards & Interfaces, 35(1), 59-64. doi:10.1016/j.csi.2012.05.001Chaudhary, D. D., Nayse, S. P., & Waghmare, L. M. (2011). Application of Wireless Sensor Networks for Greenhouse Parameter Control in Precision Agriculture. International Journal of Wireless & Mobile Networks, 3(1), 140-149. doi:10.5121/ijwmn.2011.3113Díaz, S. E., Pérez, J. C., Mateos, A. C., Marinescu, M.-C., & Guerra, B. B. (2011). A novel methodology for the monitoring of the agricultural production process based on wireless sensor networks. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 76(2), 252-265. doi:10.1016/j.compag.2011.02.004Zhu, Y., Song, J., & Dong, F. (2011). Applications of wireless sensor network in the agriculture environment monitoring. Procedia Engineering, 16, 608-614. doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2011.08.1131Keshtgari, M., & Deljoo, A. (2012). A Wireless Sensor Network Solution for Precision Agriculture Based on Zigbee Technology. Wireless Sensor Network, 04(01), 25-30. doi:10.4236/wsn.2012.41004Hwang, J., Shin, C., & Yoe, H. (2010). Study on an Agricultural Environment Monitoring Server System using Wireless Sensor Networks. Sensors, 10(12), 11189-11211. doi:10.3390/s101211189Garcia-Sanchez, A.-J., Garcia-Sanchez, F., & Garcia-Haro, J. (2011). Wireless sensor network deployment for integrating video-surveillance and data-monitoring in precision agriculture over distributed crops. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 75(2), 288-303. doi:10.1016/j.compag.2010.12.005García, L., Parra, L., Jimenez, J. M., Lloret, J., & Lorenz, P. (2019). Practical Design of a WSN to Monitor the Crop and its Irrigation System. Network Protocols and Algorithms, 10(4), 35. doi:10.5296/npa.v10i4.14147Popescu, D., Stoican, F., Stamatescu, G., Ichim, L., & Dragana, C. (2020). Advanced UAV–WSN System for Intelligent Monitoring in Precision Agriculture. Sensors, 20(3), 817. doi:10.3390/s20030817Specifications of the WEMOS MINI DI https://docs.wemos.cc/en/latest/d1/d1_mini.htmlSpecifications of the Node MCU https://joy-it.net/en/products/SBC-NodeMCU-ESP32Specifications of the Arduino Mega https://store.arduino.cc/arduino-mega-2560-rev3Specifications of the Arduino UNO https://store.arduino.cc/arduino-uno-rev3Specifications of the Raspberry Pi Model B+ https://www.raspberrypi-spy.co.uk/2018/03/introducing-raspberry-pi-3-b-plus-computer/Zorbas, D., Di Puglia Pugliese, L., Razafindralambo, T., & Guerriero, F. (2016). Optimal drone placement and cost-efficient target coverage. 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Estrategia pedagógica basada en la construcción de la trampa tradicional, para fortalecimiento de la tradición oral en el Centro Educativo El Verde, Sede Violín Arenal en el municipio de Barbacoas-Nariño

Formato de consentimiento informado, documento que contiene la información de las entrevistas, formato de diario de campoEl presente proyecto aplicado se diseño tras la identificación que hacen los estudiantes de la Licenciatura de Etnoeducación, de la necesidad de fortalecer la tradición oral como una herramienta que permite la transmisión de conocimientos fundamentales para la pervivencia de un Pueblo Étnico. Es así, como en los objetivos específicos se proyecto en un primer momento indagar sobre la importancia de la tradición oral para la Comunidad de Violín Arenal, una segunda tarea fue el diseño de una estrategia pedagógica alternativa y como tercer momento la implementación de la estrategia. Se diseño con los lineamientos de la investigación cualitativa y con las herramientas de recolección que ofrece la Etnografía, como la entrevista y la observación participante. La postura teórica que soporta el proyecto se centra en el aprendizaje significativo de David Ausubel, porque se parte de los conocimientos que tienen las personas participantes y se conjugan con nuevos conceptos que se ofrecen desde su entorno inmediato, conceptos que son asimilados si se utiliza para la transferencia de estos, recursos que el contexto tiene. Uno de los principales resultados, fue lograr integrar a la comunidad educativa, puesto que, las actividades contemplaron la participación de Mayores Sabedores y familias; por otra parte, fue valioso el reconocimiento y valoración que los niños y niñas hacen al saber ancestral de los Mayores y además, el acercamiento con el entorno favoreció que reconozcan elementos estratégicos que hacen parte de la identidad del Pueblo Indígena Awá; con lo anterior, la estrategia pedagógica basada en la construcción de la trampa tradicional para fortalecer la tradición oral, sentó las bases en la comunidad para comprender el rol y la responsabilidad de cada actor comunitario en el fortalecimiento de la educación propia.The present applied project is designed after the identification made by undergraduate students in ethno-education, of the need to strengthen the oral tradition' as a tool that allows the transmission of fundamental knowledge for the survival of an ethnic peopte. This is how, as in the specific objectives, it was initially projected to investigate the importance of oral tradition for the Violín Arenal community, a second task was the design of an alternative pedagogicat strategy and as a third moment the implementation of the strategy. It was designed with the guidelines of qualitative research and with the collection tools offered by ethnography, such as interview and participant observation. The theoretical posture that supports the project focuses on the significant tearning of David Ausbel, because it is based on the knowledge that the participants have and they are combÍned with new concepts that are offered from their immediate surroundings, concepts that are assimilated if it is used for the transfer of these resources that the context has. One of the main results was to integrate the educational communi§, since the activities contemplated the participation of the elderly knowledge and famílies; on the other hand, it was valuable the recognition and appreciation that children make to the ancestral knowledge of the elderly and others, the approach with the environment favored the recognítion of strategic elements that are part of the identity of the Awa indigenous people, with the above, the pedagogícal strategy based on the construction of the traditional trap to strengthen the oral tradition, laid the foundations in the community to understand the role and responsibility of each community actor in strengthening their own education

Tehnike minimalne obrade za proizvodnju i čuvanje hrane prilagođene individualnim potrebama

Tailor-made foods, also known as foods with programmable properties, are specialised systems with unique composition prepared by different methods, using the known mechanisms of action of their bioactive ingredients. The development of tailor-made foods involves the evaluation of individual components, including bioactive substances derived from waste products of other productions, such as essential oils. These components are evaluated both individually and in combination within food compositions to achieve specific functionalities. This review focuses on the application of minimal processing technologies for the production and preservation of tailor-made foods. It examines a range of approaches, including traditional and emerging technologies, as well as novel ingredients such as biomolecules from various sources and microorganisms. These approaches are combined according to the principles of hurdle technology to achieve effective synergistic effects that enhance food safety and extend the shelf life of tailor-made foods, while maintaining their functional properties. §Paper was presented at the 11th Central European Congress on Food and Nutrition CEFood2022, Čatež ob Savi, Slovenia, 27-30 September 2022Hrana prilagođena individualnim potrebama, poznata i kao hrana s prilagođenim svojstvima, je posebno pripremljena hrana jedinstvenog sastava, dobivena različitim metodama koje se zasnivaju na dobro poznatim mehanizmima djelovanja biološki aktivnih sastojaka. Razvoj takve hrane obuhvaća procjenu pojedinih sastojaka, uključujući biološki aktivnih spojeva izoliranih iz otpada nastalog u proizvodnji, poput eteričnih ulja. Ti su spojevi ispitani pojedinačno i u kombinaciji sa sastojcima hrane, u svrhu razvoja određenih funkcionalnih svojstava. U fokusu ovog revijalnog prikaza je primjena tehnika minimalne obrade za proizvodnju i čuvanje hrane prilagođene jedinstvenim potrebama. Razmotreni su različiti pristupi, uključujući tradicionalne i nove tehnologije, te novi sastojci, poput biomolekula što potječu iz različitih izvora i mikroorganizama. Ti su pristupi kombinirani na principu tehnologije preprekama, za uspješno postizanje sinergijskog učinka koji poboljšava sigurnost i produljuje vrijeme skladištenja hrane, dok istovremeno zadržava njezina funkcionalna svojstva

Weighted norm inequalities, off-diagonal estimates and elliptic operators. Part I: General operator theory and weights

This is the first part of a series of four articles. In this work, we are interested in weighted norm estimates. We put the emphasis on two results of different nature: one is based on a good-$\lambda$ inequality with two-parameters and the other uses Calder\'on-Zygmund decomposition. These results apply well to singular 'non-integral' operators and their commutators with bounded mean oscillation functions. Singular means that they are of order 0, 'non-integral' that they do not have an integral representation by a kernel with size estimates, even rough, so that they may not be bounded on all $L^p$ spaces for $1 < p < \infty$. Pointwise estimates are then replaced by appropriate localized $L^p-L^q$ estimates. We obtain weighted $L^p$ estimates for a range of $p$ that is different from $(1,\infty)$ and isolate the right class of weights. In particular, we prove an extrapolation theorem ' \`a la Rubio de Francia' for such a class and thus vector-valued estimates.Comment: 43 pages. Series of 4 paper