4,915 research outputs found
The application of interactive graphics to large time-dependent hydrodynamics problems
A written companion of a movie entitled "Interactive Graphics at Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory" was presented. While the movie presents the actual graphics terminal and the functions performed on it, the paper attempts to put in perspective the complexity of the application code and the complexity of the interaction that is possible
Next challenges for adaptive learning systems
Learning from evolving streaming data has become a 'hot' research topic in the last decade and many adaptive learning algorithms have been developed. This research was stimulated by rapidly growing amounts of industrial, transactional, sensor and other business data that arrives in real time and needs to be mined in real time. Under such circumstances, constant manual adjustment of models is in-efficient and with increasing amounts of data is becoming infeasible. Nevertheless, adaptive learning models are still rarely employed in business applications in practice. In the light of rapidly growing structurally rich 'big data', new generation of parallel computing solutions and cloud computing services as well as recent advances in portable computing devices, this article aims to identify the current key research directions to be taken to bring the adaptive learning closer to application needs. We identify six forthcoming challenges in designing and building adaptive learning (pre-diction) systems: making adaptive systems scalable, dealing with realistic data, improving usability and trust, integrat-ing expert knowledge, taking into account various application needs, and moving from adaptive algorithms towards adaptive tools. Those challenges are critical for the evolving stream settings, as the process of model building needs to be fully automated and continuous.</jats:p
Helminth infections, atopy, asthma and allergic diseases: protocol for a systematic review of observational studies worldwide.
INTRODUCTION: Childhood infections, particularly those caused by helminths are considered to be important environmental exposures influencing the development of allergic diseases. However, epidemiological studies focusing on the relationship between helminth infections and risk of allergic diseases, performed worldwide, show inconsistent findings. Previous systematic reviews of observational studies published 10 or more years ago showed conflicting findings for effects of helminths on allergic diseases. Over the past 10 years there has been growing literature addressing this research area and these need to be considered in order to appreciate the most contemporary evidence. The objective of the current systematic review will be to provide an up-to-date synthesis of findings of observational studies investigating the influence of helminth infections on atopy, and allergic diseases. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This systematic review protocol was registered at PROSPERO. We will search Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, AMED, ISI Web of Science, WHO Global Health Library, Scielo, IndMed, PakMediNet, KoreaMed, Ichushi for published studies from 1970 to January 2020. Bibliographies of all eligible studies will be reviewed to identify additional studies. Unpublished and ongoing research will also be searched in key databases. There will be no language or geographical restrictions regarding publications. Critical Appraisal Skills Programme quality assessment tool will be used to appraise methodological quality of included studies. A descriptive summary with data tables will be constructed, and if adequate, meta-analysis using random-effects will be performed. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist will be followed for reporting of the systematic review. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Since this systematic review will be only based on published and retrievable literature, no ethics approval will be sought. The multidisciplinary team performing this systematic review will participate in relevant dissemination activities. Findings will be presented at scientific meetings and publish the systematic review in international, peer-reviewed, open-access journals. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42020167249
Human Dynamics: The Correspondence Patterns of Darwin and Einstein
While living in different historical era, Charles Darwin (1809-1882) and
Albert Einstein (1879-1955) were both prolific correspondents: Darwin sent
(received) at least 7,591 (6,530) letters during his lifetime while Einstein
sent (received) over 14,500 (16,200). Before email scientists were part of an
extensive university of letters, the main venue for exchanging new ideas and
results. But were the communication patterns of the pre-email times any
different from the current era of instant access? Here we show that while the
means have changed, the communication dynamics has not: Darwin's and Einstein's
pattern of correspondence and today's electronic exchanges follow the same
scaling laws. Their communication belongs, however, to a different universality
class from email communication, providing evidence for a new class of phenomena
capturing human dynamics.Comment: Supplementary Information available at http://www.nd.edu/~network
Genomic tools for the conservation and genetic improvement of a highly fragmented breed : the ramo grande cattle from the Azores
Research Areas: Agriculture ; Veterinary Sciences ; ZoologyRamo Grande is a local cattle breed raised in the archipelago of Azores, with a small
and dispersed census, where inbreeding control is of utmost importance. A single nucleotide
polymorphism (SNP) Beadchip array was used to assess inbreeding, by analysis of genomic regions
harboring contiguous homozygous genotypes named runs of homozygosity (ROH), and to estimate
past e ective population size by analysis of linkage disequilibrium (LD). Genetic markers associated
with production traits were also investigated, exploiting the unique genetic and adaptation features
of this breed. A total of 639 ROH with length >4 Mb were identified, with mean length of 14.96 Mb.
The mean genomic inbreeding was 0.09, and long segments of ROH were common, indicating recent
inbred matings. The LD pattern indicates a large e ective population size, suggesting the inflow
of exotic germplasm in the past. The genome-wide association study identified novel markers
significantly a ecting longevity, age at first calving and direct genetic e ects on calf weight.
These results provide the first evidence of the association of longevity with genes related with
DNA recognition and repair, and the association of age at first calving with aquaporin proteins,
which are known to have a crucial role in reproduction.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
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