In Memoriam Jerome Bruner (1915-2016)

El 5 de junio último, Jerome Bruner falleció en New York, de manera imprevista, pero a la vez indolora y apacible. Bruner ha sido uno de los psicólogos más influyentes del siglo XX a través de su labor académica en los campos de la psicología educativa y la psicología narrativa, donde ha alcanzado notoriedad, pero también se ha dedicado a la psicología militar, a la psicología culturalista y, más recientemente, a la psicología forense (Arias, 2015)

Las concepciones sobre la naturaleza de la ciencia y la transformación de la práctica docente

En este trabajo se presentan las concepciones sobre la naturaleza de la ciencia y del aprendizaje de un grupo de profesores de ciencias de nivel de secundaria. Se muestra como la correlación positiva entre las categorías de la naturaleza de la ciencia (NOS) y del aprendizaje de la ciencia (LOS) es el factor que más influye en la práctica docente. La información se obtiene a partir de una investigación de campo. En este documento se sugiere utilizar estos resultados en los procesos de formación y capacitación docente

¿Las concepciones sobre la naturaleza de la ciencia se articulan con la forma de pensar el aprendizaje?

En este trabajo se presenta la articulación que existe entre la forma de pensar la ciencia y el aprendizaje (concepciones) en un grupo de profesores de ciencia del nivel de secundaria. Se muestra como los enfoques positivistas en la naturaleza de la ciencia no permiten acceder a una visión constructivista del aprendizaje, aunque estén familiarizados con el discurso que existe en los documentos oficiales que se apoyan en dicho enfoque

Evaluación de las asignaciones presupuestarias de proyectos de inversión pública del área urbana del cantón Riobamba y su incidencia en el desarrollo local, período 2015-2016/Evaluation of budget allocations for public investment projects in the urban are

Resumen El principal objetivo del presente ensayo es evaluar las asignaciones presupuestarias de los proyectos de inversión pública en el área urbana del Cantón Riobamba y su incidencia en el Desarrollo Local en el período 2015-2016, el presente trabajo de investigación fue correlacionar porque permitió conocer la relación o grado de asociación que existió entre la inversión pública, las asignaciones presupuestarias y el desarrollo local; a través de la aplicación de las variables de análisis estadístico: ANOVA y LEVENE; determinando así, cómo influyó esta relación de variables en mejorar la calidad de vida de la población considerando una correcta visión de desarrollo local en sus dimensiones: económica, social y territorial. De tal forma que se realice una revisión a la gestión realizada en la elaboración, ejecución y evaluación presupuestaria de los recursos económicos provistos por el Gobierno Local y Nacional; su uso, su beneficio y los resultados obtenidos, que permitan un aporte significativo en la evaluación de la inclusión de un adecuado modelo de ordenamiento territorial previsto a través de la Constitución y leyes vigentes para verificar que la ciudadanía se encuentre en un entorno ordenado, organizado y con acceso a un desarrollo local sostenible y sustentable en el tiempo. The main objective of this essay is to evaluate the budget allocations of public investment projects in the urban area of the Riobamba Canton and its impact on Local Development in the period 2015-2016, the present research work was correlated because it allowed to know the relationship or degree of association that existed between public investment, budget allocations and local development; through the application of statistical analysis variables: ANOVA and LEVENE; determining how this relationship of variables influenced to improve the quality of life of the population considering a correct vision of local development in its dimensions: economic, social and territorial. In such a way that a review is made of the management carried out in the preparation, execution and budgetary evaluation of the economic resources provided by the Local and National Government; its use, its benefit and the results obtained, which allow a significant contribution in the evaluation of the inclusion of an adequate model of territorial ordering foreseen through the Constitution and laws in force to verify that citizenship is in an orderly, organized environment and with access to sustainable local development that is sustainable over time. Palabras clave: Ordenamiento Territorial, Territorio, Presupuesto, Desarrollo Local, Evaluación. Keywords: Territorial Planning, Territory, Budget, Local Development, Evaluation

Photoinhibition of photosynthesis in natural assemblages of marine phytoplankton

A new empirical equation is introduced that describes the photosynthesis by phytoplankton as a single, continuous function of available light from the initial linear response through the photoinhibited range at the highest light levels liable to be encountered under any natural conditions. The properties of the curve are derived, and a procedure is given for fitting it to the results of light-saturation experiments for phytoplankton...

Point Source Detection using the Spherical Mexican Hat Wavelet on simulated all-sky Planck maps

We present an estimation of the point source (PS) catalogue that could be extracted from the forthcoming ESA Planck mission data. We have applied the Spherical Mexican Hat Wavelet (SMHW) to simulated all-sky maps that include CMB, Galactic emission (thermal dust, free-free and synchrotron), thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect and PS emission, as well as instrumental white noise. This work is an extension of the one presented in Vielva et al. (2001a). We have developed an algorithm focused on a fast local optimal scale determination, that is crucial to achieve a PS catalogue with a large number of detections and a low flux limit. An important effort has been also done to reduce the CPU time processor for spherical harmonic transformation, in order to perform the PS detection in a reasonable time. The presented algorithm is able to provide a PS catalogue above fluxes: 0.48 Jy (857 GHz), 0.49 Jy (545 GHz), 0.18 Jy (353 GHz), 0.12 Jy (217 GHz), 0.13 Jy (143 GHz), 0.16 Jy (100 GHz HFI), 0.19 Jy (100 GHz LFI), 0.24 Jy (70 GHz), 0.25 Jy (44 GHz) and 0.23 Jy (30 GHz). We detect around 27700 PS at the highest frequency Planck channel and 2900 at the 30 GHz one. The completeness level are: 70% (857 GHz), 75% (545 GHz), 70% (353 GHz), 80% (217 GHz), 90% (143 GHz), 85% (100 GHz HFI), 80% (100 GHz LFI), 80% (70 GHz), 85% (44 GHz) and 80% (30 GHz). In addition, we can find several PS at different channels, allowing the study of the spectral behaviour and the physical processes acting on them. We also present the basic procedure to apply the method in maps convolved with asymmetric beams. The algorithm takes ~ 72 hours for the most CPU time demanding channel (857 GHz) in a Compaq HPC320 (Alpha EV68 1 GHz processor) and requires 4 GB of RAM memory.Comment: 18 pages, 11 figures, revised version (minor changes). MNRAS accepted; high quality color figures upon request to the author

Production and Persistence of a Native Pasture-\u3cem\u3eArachis pintoi\u3c/em\u3e Association in the Humid Tropics of Mexico

Arachis pintoi (Ap) is a highly persistent legume. This study aimed at: (i) determining if introducing Ap CIAT 17434 into a NG pasture affected its standing dry matter (SDM) and botanical composition (BC, %) and (ii) verifying if Ap would be as persistent as it is with introduced grasses (IG)

Predicting Effects of Ocean Warming, Acidification, and Water Quality on Chesapeake Region Eelgrass

Although environmental requirements of seagrasses have been studied for years, reliable metrics for predicting their response to current or future conditions remain elusive. Eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) populations of the Chesapeake region lie near the southern limit of their range in the Western North Atlantic, exposing them to increasing thermal stress as the climate warms. However, CO2 stimulated photosynthesis may offset some of the negative effects of temperature stress. The combined effects of temperature, CO2, and light availability controlled by water quality and epiphytes were explored using GrassLight, a bio-optical model that provided a predictive environment for evaluating the interaction of multiple stressors on eelgrass distribution and density across the submarine landscape. Model predictions were validated against in situ measures of spectral diffuse attenuation, eelgrass density, and distribution. The potential for photosynthesis stimulated by ocean acidification to mitigate the effects of high temperature on eelgrass populations growing near the southern limit of their distribution was explored. The model accurately reproduced the submarine light environment from measured water quality parameters, and predicted their impacts on eelgrass distribution. It also reproduced the negative effects of warm summer temperatures on eelgrass distributions, and demonstrated that CO2 increases projected for the next century should stimulate photosynthesis sufficiently to offset the negative effects of thermal stress on eelgrass growing in the Chesapeake region, even in the presence of epiphytes. Thus, improved water quality should facilitate the survival of eelgrass populations in Chesapeake region, even in the face of a warming climate

Evolutionary Origins of Binary Neutron Star Mergers: Effects of Common Envelope Efficiency and Metallicity

The formation histories of compact binary mergers, especially stellar-mass binary-black hole mergers, have recently come under increased scrutiny and revision. In this paper we revisit the question of the dominant formation channel and efficiency of forming binary neutron-star mergers. We use the stellar and binary evolution code MESA and implement an up-to-date and detailed method for common envelope and mass transfer. We preform simulations for donor masses between 8-20 solar masses with a neutron star companion of 1.4 and 2.0 solar masses, at two metallicities, using varying common envelope efficiencies, and two prescriptions for electron-capture supernovae. In contrast to the case of binary-black hole mergers, for a neutron star companion of 1.4 solar masses, all binary neutron star mergers are formed following a common envelope phase, while for a neutron star mass of 2.0 solar masses we identify a small subset of mergers following only stable mass transfer if the neutron star receives a large natal kick. Regardless of neutron star companion mass, we find that large supernova natal kicks are favored in the formation of binary neutron star mergers, and find more mergers at subsolar metallicity compared to solar.Comment: accepted to Ap