Análisis de la satisfacción de la práctica deportiva en los campos de fútbol de césped natural y artificial de la Región de Murcia desde el punto de vista del gestor, entrenador y deportista

No cabe duda, que otros de los fenómenos sociales de nuestro país, es el fútbol. No sólo es el deporte rey indiscutible en todo el mundo, sino el gran número de campos de fútbol, llamadas las catedrales del fútbol. Estos últimos años estamos viviendo una explosión de este deporte tanto a nivel social como económico. Por tanto, el objetivo principal que se pretende en la tesis doctoral es analizar la satisfacción en la práctica deportiva de los campos de fútbol de césped natural y artificial de la Región de Murcia desde el punto de vista del gestor, entrenador y deportista. En la fundamentación teórica, se ha profundizado, e intentado abarcar el tema objeto del estudio, pasando por el sistema deportivo, las instalaciones deportivas en el ámbito español y en la Región de Murcia, centrándonos en los campos de fútbol ya siendo el eje central, también se adentra en el fútbol y sus agentes deportivos, gestores, entrenadores y deportistas y finalizando es esta primera parte con los campos de fútbol, de césped natura y artificial, desde el punto de vista de la construcción, mantenimiento, tipo de planta y fibras y finalizando en la calidad de estos. Desde el punto de vista metodológico el estudio está enmarcado dentro de una metodología descriptiva, cuantitativa y correlacional, a través de tres cuestionarios estructurados y diseñados para la investigación. Las tres muestras que conforman el estudio, son 37 gestores, 75 entrenadores y 368 deportistas de la Región de Murcia. Respecto a los resultados de los gestores, en los costes de mantenimiento hay diferencias significativas de ahorro, favorables al césped artificial, al igual que el número de horas de utilización y el precio de alquiler de los campos de césped artificial. En cuanto a la valoración general está mejor valorado el césped artificial obteniendo un resultado de 7,76 sobre 10. En cuanto a los resultados de los entrenadores y deportistas, hay diferencias significativas a favor del césped artificial o natural en función de las variables definidas. Y la valoración general, está mejor valorado por estos agentes el césped artificial con 7,61 y 7,70 sobre 10.Actividad Física y Deport

Eventos deportivos propulsores de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible

Actividad Física y Deport

Trainers and Players Satisfaction in the Grass and Artificial Turf Football Fields

En los últimos años, la demanda de práctica deportiva en campos de fútbol de césped artificial y natural ha crecido exponencialmente. Así surge la necesidad de conocer cuál es el grado de satisfacción tanto de entrenadores como de deportistas sobre estos dos tipos de pavimentos deportivos. Esta investigación se basa en un estudio cuantitativo, a través de dos cuestionarios de satisfacción sobre estos pavimentos. La muestra del estudio la conforman 75 entrenadores y 368 deportistas, que realizan su actividad deportiva en campos de césped natural y artificial, de la Región de Murcia. Los resultados obtenidos muestran una preferencia de los agentes analizados por el césped artificial en gran parte de las variables, aunque la valoración general obtenida no presenta diferencias significativas. Aunque a medida que aumenta la categoría en la que participan los sujetos también aumenta su preferencia por la superficie natural.Actividad Física y Deport

Assessment and Distribution of Damages Caused by the Trunk-Boring Insects Coraebus undatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) and Reticulitermes grassei Clément (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae) in Mediterranean Restored Cork-Oak Forests

This work assesses damage caused by Coraebus undatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) and Reticulitermes grassei Clément (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae) in managed cork oak forests from the southern Iberian Peninsula. Lesions were diagnosed and quantified in relation to the following features: height and orientation in the trunk, diameter at breast height, solar exposure, understory presence and orography. The distribution patterns of lesions in the study area across 12 plots and in the trunk of the trees were also analyzed. The study was performed in “Sa de Hornachuelos” Natural Park (Córdoba, Spain) and the research area encompassed 12 environmentally-restored sampling plots. Data were recorded from 2007 to 2014, with yearly sampling from late June to mid-September, corresponding to the cork extraction period, since lesions caused by these insects are well distinguishable promptly after bark removal. The results reveal that C. undatus has low population levels and a non-uniform distribution pattern in the study area as well as in the trunk of the tree. It shows preference for medium height but not by any trunk orientation. R. grassei also shows low infestation levels and a preference to affect the trunk’s base. Comparatively, C. undatus showed higher infestation levels than R. grassei. The location of damage was also different, since galleries made by C. undatus predominated at intermediate trunk heights while those of R. grassei were more frequent at lower heights. Our results further showed a low co-occurrence of both species in the same tree trunks, which could be explained in terms of overlapping in the distribution areas of both species. These results provide background information that will enable natural resources managers to detect changes and trends of these species and inform future management decisions

Tomando el pulso a las Ciencias del Deporte

Actividad Física y Deport

Measuring residents' perceptions of corporate social responsibility at small and medium-sized sports events

Due to the increase of sports events in local communities, it has become essential to organize such events in a socially responsible way at the environmental, social, and economic levels. The aim of this research was to develop a measurement tool to help determine the degree of social responsibility perceived by residents at small-medium scale sports events, to guide sports managers towards the design of socially responsible sports events. From the elaboration of a questionnaire developed ad-hoc, the perception of the residents was analyzed (n = 516). The psychometric properties of the tool, composed of 35 items, were analyzed by means of an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. As main conclusions, we were able to contrast the validity and reliability of the questionnaire on the perception of corporate social responsibility in small-scale sports events, around the dimensions of Sustainable Sports Activity, Social Cohesion, and Well-Being. As a consequence, it allowed us to identify three strategic management areas towards which the organizers of these events should focus special attention if they want to progress towards the achievement of socially responsible sports event

Analysis of loyalty and future intentions of the users of the golf courses in Andalusia, Spain

Spain is a European leader as a golf tourism destination, and Andalusia is the region that receives the most tourism in this sector, boosting not only the golf industry but also the percentage of income overall. Thus, user loyalty and knowing the future intentions of users is a matter of vital importance in these sports organizations. This study analyses 636 users of 17 golf courses in Andalusia –73.43% men and 26.42% women– and with an average age of 50.2 ± 15.6. The results show that more than 70% of users would encourage their families to play on the golf course and recommend it in more than 75% of them. In conclusion, this study emphasises the need for the use of the adapted tool, as it is a valid and reliable instrument that guides on the aspects demanded by the user as well as how to build loyalty

Influence of the structural components of artificial turf systems on impact attenuation in amateur football players

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the infuence of the structural components of diferent 3rd generation artifcial turf football feld systems on the biomechanical response of impact attenuation in amateur football players. A total of 12 amateur football players (24.3±3.7 years, 73.5±5.5kg, 178.3±4.1cm and 13.7±4.3 years of sport experience) were evaluated on three third generation artifcial turf systems (ATS) with diferent structural components. ATS were composed of asphalt subbase and 45mm of fbre height with (ATS1) and without (ATS2) elastic layer or compacted granular sub-base, 60mm of fbre height without elastic layer (ATS3). Two triaxial accelerometers were frmly taped to the forehead and the distal end of the right tibia of each individual. The results reveal a higher force reduction on ATS3 in comparison to ATS1 (+6.24%, CI95%: 1.67 to 10.92, ES: 1.07; p<0.05) and ATS2 (+21.08%, CI95%: 16.51 to 25.66, ES: 2.98; p<0.05) elastic layer. Tibia acceleration rate was lower on ATS3 than ATS1 (−0.32, CI95%: −0.60 to −0.03, ES: 4.23; p<0.05) and ATS2 (−0.35, CI95%: −0.64 to −0.06; ES: 4.69; p<0.05) at 3.3m/s. A very large correlation (r=0.7 to 0.9; p<0.05) was found between energy restitution and fbre height in both head and tibial peak acceleration and stride time. In conclusion, structural components (fbre height, infll, sub-base and elastic layer) determine the mechanical properties of artifcial turf felds. A higher force reduction and lower energy restitution diminished the impact received by the player which could protect against injuries associated with impacts compared to harder artifcial turf surfaces

Adaptación y validación de un cuestionario para medir la percepción de la calidad percibida por los usuarios externos de los campos de golf: Andalucía (España)

The objective of this work is to translate, adapt and validate the Customer Service Survey Quality Golf Course (CSQSGC). This tool is the most complete in the literature, and it is the best questionnaire to assess the perceived quality of the users. of the golf courses of Andalusia (Spain). In addition, its psychometric properties are examined: reliability and concurrent validity. There was a professional translation into Spanish of each item, content adaptation, evaluation of compression of the instrument through pilot testing, analysis of reliability with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and validity, with an exploratory factor analysis, a confirmatory factor analysis of the instrument. Eleven expert judges participated in the process of adaptation and validation. Test-retest reliability methods were applied to a sample of 50 participants with an interval over a week. Subsequently, the questionnaire is applied to 200 users of golf courses. The adapted and validated instrument Analysis of Perceived Quality of the Game of Golf (CAPG) may be used to evaluate the quality of the golf courses based on the feedback of the users.It has a structure of 39 items (four more items added from the original version) divided into four subscales, matching with the original version, and it shows positive results for reliability and validity in the Spanish version. It is a useful tool for managers, because it allows the detection of deficiencies and areas for improvement for golf courses.El objetivo de este trabajo es traducir, adaptar y validar el cuestionario “Customer service quality survey golf course” (CSQSGC). Esta herramienta es la más completa en la literatura y es el mejor cuestionario para evaluar el grado de calidad percibida de los usuarios de los campos de golf de Andalucía (España). Se realizó una traducción profesional al español de cada ítem, adaptación de contenido, evaluación de compresión del instrumento mediante prueba piloto, análisis de confiabilidad con coeficiente alfa de Cronbach y validez, con análisis factorial exploratorio, análisis factorial confirmatorio del instrumento. Once jueces expertos participaron en el proceso de adaptación y validación. Se aplicaron métodos de confiabilidad test-retest a una muestra de 50 participantes con un intervalo de más de una semana. Posteriormente, se aplica el cuestionario a 200 usuarios de campos de golf. El instrumento adaptado y validado: Análisis de “Calidad percibida en el juego del golf” (CAPG) puede ser usado para evaluar la calidad de los campos de golf en función de la opinión de los usuarios. Tiene una estructura de 39 ítems (cuatro ítems más agregados de la versión original) divididos en 4 subescalas, coincidentes con la versión original, y muestra resultados favorables de fiabilidad y validez en su versión en español. Es una herramienta útil para los gestores, pues permite detectar deficiencias y las áreas de mejora de los campos de golf.Actividad Física y Deport

Gestión activa de la demanda - casos de estudio: proyectos OPENADR4CHILE y G.R.A.C.I.O.S.A.

Actualmente, las Redes Eléctricas Inteligentes (Smart Grids) presentan una integración de recursos energéticos distribuidos (fundamentalmente renovables) cada vez mayor. Esta tendencia, unida a mayores exigencias de calidad de servicio, hacen esencial la inclusión de nuevos sistemas de gestión que garanticen su estabilidad e interoperabilidad. Una posible solución respondería al paradigma de gestión activa de la demanda (Demand-Side Management, DSM) donde el cliente ahora es un activo controlable. Este cambio beneficia a dos actores: A) las compañías eléctricas (Utilities), cuyo interés radica en un mecanismo de ajuste del consumo. B) los clientes: que persiguen la optimización energética y económica, pudiendo reducir y modificar su perfil de consumo. Ambos enfoques plantean estrategias Win-to-Win cliente/operador. Esta comunicación expone dos proyectos demostradores DSM reales, donde el TIC-150 ha colaborado activamente en su desarrollo con Endesa/Enel: 1) OpenADR4Chile: donde por parte de la utility se plantea una arquitectura OpenADR para la gestión de programas de capacidad. Adicionalmente, este trabajo se complementa con la creación un Living-Lab en la EPS. 2) G.R.A.C.I.O.S.A. donde la actividad del grupo se ha centrado en la definición/ implementación de una métrica o conjunto de indicadores clave de desempeño (KPIs) para la valoración de las políticas de gestión energética de los clientes.Nowadays, Smart Grids (SG) tend to incorporate distributed energy resources (mainly renewable) more and more. This tendency and the rising exigency level on service quality, make the inclusion of new management systems essential, to guarantee stability and interoperability. A possible solution could be reached applying the paradigm of Demand-Side Management (DSM), where customers become controllable actives. This change benefits both parts: A) Utilities, who interest is centered into consumption adjustment skills. B) Customers, who follow energy and economic optimization, being able to reduce and modify their consumption profile. Both points of view propose Win-to- Win strategies for customer/utility. This work shows two use-cases of DSM strategies in which the TIC-150 has collaborated actively in their developing with Endesa/Enel: 1) OpenADR4Chile: it proposes the use of and OpenADR architecture for capacity program management. This allowed also creating a Living-Lab in the Escuela Politécnica Superior. 2) G.R.A.C.I.O.S.A., in which the TIC-150 has defined/implemented a set of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to check and evaluate energy management politics applied by the customers.Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (España) beca Formación Profesorado Universitario (FPU