El grado de internacionalización en empresas españolas: un estudio de casos

El presente Trabajo de Fin de Grado analiza, tanto teórica como empíricamente, el grado de internacionalización de cinco empresas españolas, que poseen un elevado grado de apertura al exterior. El objetivo principal consiste en explorar las dificultades, sobre todo en la obtención de información, que se pueden encontrar a la hora de estimar los principales índices que se han propuesto en la literatura. La revisión teórica ha puesto de manifiesto la presencia de dos índices que definen en mayor medida el grado de internacionalización de las empresas, el índice de transnacionalidad (UNCTAD transnationality index) y el índice de dispersión internacional (Network Spread Index). Hemos estimado estos índices y su evolución en el caso de esas cinco empresas, utilizando para ello diferentes fuentes de información. Los resultados han mostrado que las compañías analizadas presentan un elevado grado de internacionalización, pero se aprecian divergencias notables entre las empresas. También se ha comprobado que los dos índices miden aspectos distintos del fenómeno de la internacionalización empresarial. No obstante, la aportación principal del estudio consiste en identificar las principales dificultades que presenta la estimación de estos indicadores para las empresas españolas y la propuesta de un procedimiento de búsqueda y análisis que ayude en futuros estudios.Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Administración y Dirección de Empresa

Complejo de oficinas en el Cabanyal

[ES] Se pretende proyectar un Complejo de Oficinas en una de las parcelas pertenecientes al barrio del Cabanyal cuya posición en el límite norte define el cierre del barrio y, a su vez, el nexo de unión con la ciudad. La propuesta se centrará en la creación de volúmenes diferenciados pero conectados, donde cada pieza albergará una parte del programa funcional, de manera que puedan trabajar con cierta autonomía. Como objetivo primordial se busca implantar un edificio híbrido que proporcione a los vecinos un espacio de trabajo, reunión y ocio, para ofrecerles la oportunidad de crecer social y culturalmente, mediante una arquitectura flexible y organizada.Fernández Gallardo, C. (2014). Complejo de oficinas en el Cabanyal. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/11877

First order transitions by conduction calorimetry: Application to deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate ferroelastic crystal under uniaxial pressure

The specific heat c and the heat power W exchanged by a Deuterated Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ferroelectric-ferroelastic crystal have been measured simultaneously for both decreasing and increasing temperature at a low constant rate (0.06 K/h) between 175 and 240 K. The measurements were carried out under controlled uniaxial stresses of 0.3 and 4.5±0.1 bar applied to face (110). At Tt=207.9 K, a first order transition is produced with anomalous specific heat behavior in the interval where the transition heat appears. This anomalous behavior is explained in terms of the temperature variation of the heat power during the transition. During cooling, the transition occurs with coexistence of phases, while during heating it seems that metastable states are reached. Excluding data affected by the transition heat, the specific heat behavior agrees with the predictions of a 2-4-6 Landau potential in the range of 4–15 K below Tt while logarithmic behavior is obtained in the range from Tt to 1 K below Tt. Data obtained under 0.3 and 4.5 bar uniaxial stresses exhibit the same behavior.Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica. Gobierno de España-PB91-60

Regulation of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in rat white adipose tissue upon chronic central leptin infusion: effects on adiposity

Copyright (2011) The Endocrine Society .The paper can be found at the following URL on the website http://endo.endojournals.org

Aging impairs the hepatic subcellular distribution of ChREBP in response to fasting/feeding in rats: Implications on hepatic steatosis

© 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Aging is associated with alterations of lipid metabolism and increased prevalence of non alcoholic hepatic steatosis.Nevertheless, themechanisms bywhich fat is accumulated in the liver during aging remain incompletely understood. In the present study, we investigated potential alterations that might contribute to the development of hepatic steatosis with aging. To this end, we analyzed the expression and the subcellular localization of key transcriptional factors involved in lipid metabolism such as ChREBP, Foxo1, Foxa2 and SREBP-1c in the liver of 3- and 24-month oldWistar rats. In addition, we studied the intracellular redistribution of ChREBP in response to fasting/refeeding transition. Old rats were characterized by hepatic steatosis, low serum ketone body levels and postprandial hyperinsulinemia. These observations were paralleled by the cytoplasmic localization and decreased expression of Foxa2, while ChREBP expression was markedly up-regulated and mainly localized in the nucleus. Consequently, the expression of lipogenic and β-oxidation genes was up-regulated or downregulated, respectively. Besides, the intracellular redistribution of ChREBP in response to fasting/refeeding transition was also impaired in old animals. Additionally, a negative correlation between serum ketone body levels and the nuclear localization of ChREBP was observed only in adult but not in old rats. Taken together, these data suggest that an age-related dysfunctional adaptation of ChREBP, in response to changes in the nutritional state, might contribute to the development of liver steatosis with aging.Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (JCCM), BFU2012- 39705-C03-01 from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, and S2010/BMC2423 from Comunidad de Madrid, Spain. A.S. was supported by FPU predoctoral fellowship from Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (MEC), Spain, and B.B. was supported by CONACyT predoctoral fellowship from México. The Centre of Molecular Biology “Severo Ochoa” is the recipient of institutional aid from the Ramón Areces FoundationPeer Reviewe

Assessment of Apps Aimed at Developing Basic Instrumental Skills in Autistic Children and Teenagers

It is crucial for families and professionals to promote basic instrumental skills in children with autism, as these skills can help with comprehensive growth and development, and are a starting point in acquiring the essential tools needed for one to live an independent and successful life, These skills include oral language, reading, writing, and mathematics. Therefore, given that ICT and mobile applications (apps) are effective tools that offer suitable content, and are designed exclusively for people with this disorder, working on these skills with apps is an interesting option that is worthy of our attention. We analyzed 88 apps that focused on these skills, through a duly validated system of indicators, calculating frequencies, percentages, measures of central tendency and dispersion, and non-parametric contrast statistics. The app search was carried out in the Google Play Store, with the keyword “autism”, in English and in Spanish. Most of the apps focused on aspects linked to oral language and reading, but few were aimed at reading and mathematics. In addition to the apps’ lack of specialization in the last two skills, the vast majority did not specify the age group for which their content was intended.University of Granada and Spanish Ministry of Education, Innovation, and Universities (aid for university teacher training (FPU19/00026)

Desarrollo de capacidades no técnicas en contabilidad para la gestión de la diplomatura en turismo

Actualmente estamos inmersos en el proceso de adaptación del sistema universitario español al Espacio Europeo de Enseñanza Superior (EEES), lo que supone una reorganización para adoptar los nuevos modelos de formación centrados en el trabajo y el aprendizaje del estudiante. Esto implica que además de la docencia presencial, los alumnos deben realizar actividades fuera del aula que les permitan asentar sus conocimientos y desarrollar sus capacidades, habilidades y destrezas como han venido defendiendo los organismos profesionales contables a nivel internacional. En este trabajo estudiamos mediante un estudio longitudinal nuestra experiencia sobre la realización en grupos de tres alumnos, de estudios de caso reales en los que se analiza la elaboración y el empleo de la información para la gestión en las empresas turísticas y se intenta determinar su impacto sobre la adquisición de conocimientos, desarrollo de capacidades no técnicas y motivación del alumno

Factors Influencing Dietary Patterns during Pregnancy in a Culturally Diverse Society

The aim of this study was to identify dietary patterns in pregnant women and to assess the relationships between sociodemographic, lifestyle-related, and pregnancy-related factors. This is a descriptive, correlational study involving 306 pregnant women in Melilla (Spain) in any trimester of pregnancy. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used. Dietary patterns were determined via exploratory factor analysis and ordinal logistic regression using the proportional odds model. Three dietary patterns were identified: Western, mixed, and prudent. Sociodemographic, lifestyle-related, and pregnancy-related factors influencing dietary quality were established. The Western dietary pattern was considered the least recommended despite being the most common among women who live in Melilla (p = 0.03), are Christian (p = 0.01), are primiparous women (p < 0.001), and are in their first or second trimester (p = 0.02). Unemployed pregnant women were also more likely to have a less healthy dietary pattern ( = -0.716; p = 0.040). The prudent dietary pattern, the healthiest of the three, was most commonly observed among Muslim women (p = 0.01), women with more than two children (p < 0.001), and women in the third trimester of pregnancy (p = 0.02). Pregnant women who engaged in no physical activity or a low level of physical activity displayed a mixed pattern (p < 0.001). This study provides evidence on the factors influencing dietary patterns during pregnancy and suggests that more specific nutrition programmes should be developed to improve the nutritional status of pregnant women

Isotopic labelling-based analysis elucidates biosynthesis pathways in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for Melatonin, Serotonin and Hydroxytyrosol formation

Yeasts can synthetise bioactive compounds such as Melatonin (MEL), Serotonin (SER) and Hydroxytyrosol (HT). Deciphering the mechanisms involved in their formation can lead to exploit this fact to increase the bioactive potential of fermented beverages. Quantitative analysis using labelled compounds, 15-N2 l-tryptophan and 13-C tyrosine, allowed tracking the formation of the above-mentioned bioactive compounds during the alcoholic fermentation of synthetic must by two different Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. Labelled and unlabelled MEL, SER and HT were undoubtedly identified and quantified by High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS). Our results prove that there are at least two pathways involved in MEL biosynthesis by yeast. One starts with tryptophan as precursor being known for the vertebrates’ pathway. Additionally, MEL is produced from SER which in turn is consistent with the plants’ biosynthesis pathway. Concerning HT, it can be formed both from labelled tyrosine and from intermediates of the Erlich pathway.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad AGL2016-77505-C3-2-RMinisterio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades PID2019-108722RB-C32Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Economía y Conocimiento P18-RT-309

Mathematical Modeling for Neuropathic Pain: Bayesian Linear Regression and Self-Organizing Maps Applied to Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

A better understanding of the connection between risk factors associated with pain andfunction may assist therapists in optimizing therapeutic programs. This study applied mathematicalmodeling to analyze the relationship of psychological, psychophysical, and motor variables with pain,function, and symptom severity using Bayesian linear regressions (BLR) and self-organizing maps(SOMs) in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). The novelty of this work was a transfer of the symmetrymathematical background to a neuropathic pain condition, whose symptoms can be either unilateralor bilateral. Duration of symptoms, pain intensity, function, symptom severity, depressive levels,pinch tip grip force, and pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) over the ulnar, radial, and median nervetrunks, the cervical spine, the carpal tunnel, and the tibialis anterior were collected in 208 womensuffering from CTS. The first BLR model revealed that symptom severity, PPTs over the radialnerve, and function had significant correlations with pain intensity. The second BLR showed thatsymptom severity, depressive levels, pain intensity, and years with pain were associated with function.The third model demonstrated that pain intensity and function were associated with symptom severity.The SOMs visualized these correlations among variables, i.e., clinical, psychophysical, and physical,and identified a subgroup of women with CTS exhibiting worse clinical features, higher pressuresensitivity, and lower pinch tip grip force. Therefore, the application of mathematical modelingidentified some interactions among the intensity of pain, function, and symptom severity in womenwith CTS