Co-orbital resonance with a migrating proto-giant planet

In this work we pose the possibility that, at an early stage, the migration of a proto--giant planet caused by the presence of a gaseous circumstellar disk could explain the continuous feeding of small bodies into its orbit. Particularly, we study the probability of capture and permanence in co--orbital resonance of these small bodies, as planets of diverse masses migrate by interaction with the gaseous disk, and the drag induced by this disk dissipates energy from these small objects, making capture more likely. Also, we study the relevance of the circumplanetary disk, a structure formed closely around the planet where the gas density is enhanced, in the process of capture. It is of great interest for us to study the capture of small bodies in 1:1 resonance because it could account for the origin of the Trojan population, which has been proposed \citep{2011Icar..215..669K} as a mechanism of quasi-satellites and irregular satellites capture.Comment: This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in PSS following peer review; 9 pages, 9 figure

Rol de los medios de comunicación públicos en el proceso de integración latinoamericana entre el 2014 y el 2015. Casos de estudio: Agencia Peruana de Noticias Andina y Agencia Andes de Ecuador

El presente proyecto de investigación busca hacer un análisis sobre el papel que desempeña la comunicación y los medios de comunicación públicos en el proceso de integración. Con la presente investigación se busca responder a la interrogante sobre ¿cuáles son las tareas pendientes de los medios de comunicación en materia de integración? Para ello se realizará un análisis comparativo sobre contenidos noticiosos de medios públicos de la región, como son Ecuador y Perú, a fin de profundizar sobre el rol de los medios en materia de integración. Los casos de estudio son la Agencia Andina de Perú y Agencia Andes de Ecuado

An Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy-Based Aptasensor for the Determination of SARS-CoV-2-RBD Using a Carbon Nanofiber-Gold Nanocomposite Modified Screen-Printed Electrode

Worldwide, human health is affected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Hence, the fabrication of the biosensors to diagnose SARS-CoV-2 is critical. In this paper, we report an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)-based aptasensor for the determination of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (SARS-CoV-2-RBD). For this purpose, the carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were first decorated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Then, the surface of the carbon-based screen-printed electrode (CSPE) was modified with the CNF–AuNP nanocomposite (CSPE/CNF–AuNP). After that, the thiol-terminal aptamer probe was immobilized on the surface of the CSPE/CNF–AuNP. The surface coverage of the aptamer was calculated to be 52.8 pmolcm-2. The CSPE/CNF–AuNP/Aptamer was then used for the measurement of SARS-CoV-2-RBD by using the EIS method. The obtained results indicate that the signal had a linear–logarithmic relationship in the range of 0.01–64 nM with a limit of detection of 7.0 pM. The proposed aptasensor had a good selectivity to SARS-CoV-2-RBD in the presence of human serum albumin; human immunoglobulins G, A, and M, hemagglutinin, and neuraminidase. The analytical performance of the aptasensor was studied in human saliva samples. The present study indicates a practical application of the CSPE/CNF-AuNP/Aptamer for the determination of SARS-CoV-2-RBD in human saliva samples with high sensitivity and accuracy.This project received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 801538 and the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación/Agencia Estatal de Investigación por parte del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, MCIN /AEI /10.13039/501100011033 (Spain), Project PID2020-116439GB-I00 and the Comunidad de Madrid in the framework of the action. “Excelencia para el Profesorado Universitario” inside the V Plan Regional de Investigación Científica e Innovación Tecnológica 2016–2020

Highly Sensitive RNA-Based Electrochemical Aptasensor for the Determination of C-Reactive Protein Using Carbon Nanofiber-Chitosan Modified Screen-Printed Electrode

C-reactive protein (CRP) is one of the biomarkers related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, it is crucial to develop a highly sensitive, selective, and cost-effective biosensor for the determination of CRP. In this study, we designed an electrochemical aptasensor. For this purpose, the surface of a carbon screen-printed electrode was first modified with a carbon nanofiberchitosan (CNFs-CHIT) nanocomposite. After that, the amino-terminal RNA aptamer probes were linked to the amino groups of CHIT via glutaraldehyde as the cross-linker. Finally, methylene blue (MB) as a redox probe was self-assembled on the surface of the aptasensor. The obtained results indicated that the CNFs-CHIT nanocomposite increased the surface coverage of the aptamer up to 5.9 times. The square-wave voltammetry was used for the measurement of CRP concentration in the linear range of 1.0–150.0 pM. The obtained results indicated that the signal had a logarithmic relationship with the concentration of CRP. The limit of detection (LOD) was obtained to be 0.37 pM. The dissociation constant (Kd) that demonstrates the affinity of the aptamer probe to its target was found to be 0.93 pM. The analytical performances of the proposed RNA aptasensor were better than the previously reported aptasensors for CRP. The proposed aptasensor was also applied for the determination of CRP in the human plasma samples. The obtained results indicated that there were no statistically significant differences between the responses of the proposed RNA aptasensor and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (ELISA). The analytical performances of the proposed RNA aptasensor described in this paper are better than previously reported aptasensors for CRP determination.This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 801538 and the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación/Agencia Estatal de Investigación (Spain), grant agreement PID2020-116439GB-I00

Some arithmetic properties of Pólya’s urn

Following Hales (2018), the evolution of Pólya’s urn may be interpreted as a walk, a Pólya walk, on the integer lattice N2 . We study the visibility properties of Pólya’s walk or, equivalently, the divisibility properties of the composition of the urn. In particular, we are interested in the asymptotic average time that a Pólya walk is visible from the origin, or, alternatively, in the asymptotic proportion of draws so that the resulting composition of the urn is coprime. Via de Finetti’s exchangeability theorem, Pólya’s walk appears as a mixture of standard random walks. This paper is a follow-up of Cilleruelo–Fernández–Fernández (2019), where similar questions were studied for standard random walk

The institutional communication on ebola crisis in Europe: the first moments of the 2014 spanish crisis

This paper is based on the communicative actions which were taken by the Spanish Government because of the rise of Ebola virus in Spain the last October. Declarations from the Press conference were deeply analysed, as well as 36 messages published bynewspapers like El País and El Mundo as reactions to the Government ́s declarations. The main aim of the investigation was to get to know if the communicative strategy of this crisis was right during the first days. The original supposition was that the Government ́s communicative strategy was wrong because of the important mistakes produced by the Health Minister during the first Press conference. This hypothesis was finally confirmed

Herbal extracts differentially inhibit oxidative effects caused by the biotransformation of nifurtimox, nitrofurantoin and acetaminophen on rat liver microsomes

Inflammation is a cellular defensive mechanism associated to oxidative stress. The administration of nitrofurantoin, nifurtimox and acetaminophen generates oxidative stress by their biotransformation through CYP450 system. The main adverse effect described for the first two drugs is gastrointestinal inflammation and that of the last, hepatitis. Therefore, standardised dry extracts from Rosmarinus officinalis, Buddleja globosa Hope, Cynara scolymus L., Echinacea purpurea and Hedera helix were tested to evaluate their capacity to decrease drug-induced oxidative stress. For that, rat liver microsomes were incubated with drugs in the presence of NADPH (specific CYP450 system cofactor) to test oxidative damage on microsomal lipids, thiols, and GST activity. All drugs tested induced oxidation of microsomal lipids and thiols, and inhibition of GST activity. Herbal extracts prevented these phenomena in different extension. These results show that antioxidant phytodrugs previously evaluated could alleviate drugs adverse effects associated to oxidative stress

Genotipificacion de la Apolipoproteina E y complicaciones diabeticas.

113 p.Las dislipidemias, son estados fisiopatológicos , en los que se encuentra una elevación de los niveles plasmáticos de lípidos, como consecuencia de las anomalías de tipo cualitativas y/o cuantitativas de las lipoproteínas. En diabéticos, existe una prevalencia entre un 20 a un 80% de dislipidemias (49). Existen numerosos estudios sobre dislipidemias en diabéticos, los cuales atribuyen su causa a factores metabólicos, ambientales y genéticos entre los que se incluyen el polimorfismo de la apolipoproteína E. El presente trabajo, tiene por objetivo principal realizar la genotipificación de la apolipoproteina E sobre una población diabética de la VII región, con el fin de establecer una relación entre genotipo y complicaciones diabéticas (Dislipidemias). La población diabética en estudio, fue determinada según clasificación de la OMS (1985), para esto se tomaron al azar 44 pacientes de la VII región. Los criterios de selección utilizados fueron la medición de glicemia basal y perfil lipídico. Además, con la muestra de sangre total de los pacientes seleccionados al azar, se realizó la genotipificación de la apolipoproteína E mediante la técnica de PCR y digestión del DNA amplificado con la enzima de restricción CfoI y posterior análisis de los fragmentos de restricción de alto polimorfismo, en gel de poliacrilamida. La estandarización de estas técnicas, permitió la genotipificación de la Apo E de los pacientes diabéticos. En el presente estudio se pudo establecer que el genotipo de mayor frecuencia en los pacientes diabéticos de la VII región es el genotipo E 3/3, independiente de la dislipidemia, seguido del E 3/4. Los resultados no permiten concluir que la dislipidemia presente en estos pacientes diabéticos, se correlacione con el polimorfismo genético de la Apo E. Se determinó que la frecuencia de pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 dislipidémicos de la VII región, es mayor respecto a los normolipidémicos de igual patología y origen. En este contexto se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los valores de Colesterol total, LDL colesterol y HDL colesterol entre estos pacientes. Por último, se determinó que la Hipercolesterolemia es la mayor causa de dislipidemia en pacientes diabéticos de la VII región, seguido de dislipidemia mixta e hipertrigliceridemia

Fully adaptable electro-optic dual-comb generation

In this letter, an all-electronic method that provides a precise control over the number of spectral lines of an electro-optic frequency comb is presented and experimentally validated. This feature, in conjunction with the straightforward configuration of the optical resolution (repetition frequency) inherent to electro-optic combs, enables the generation of optical comb sources with the unique capability of a complete adaptability to the targeted spectral feature/s that could ultimately maximize the SNR of any electro-optic comb-based spectroscopic measurement

Constraining surface emissions of air pollutants using inverse modelling: method intercomparison and a new two-step two-scale regularization approach

International audienceWhen constraining surface emissions of air pollutants using inverse modelling one often encounters spurious corrections to the inventory at places where emissions and observations are colocated, referred to here as the colocalization problem. Several approaches have been used to deal with this problem: coarsening the spatial resolution of emissions; adding spatial correlations to the covariance matrices; adding constraints on the spatial derivatives into the functional being minimized; and multiplying the emission error covariance matrix by weighting factors. Intercomparison of methods for a carbon monoxide inversion over a city shows that even though all methods diminish the colocalization problem and produce similar general patterns, detailed information can greatly change according to the method used ranging from smooth, isotropic and short range modifications to not so smooth, non-isotropic and long range modifications. Poisson (non-Gaussian) and Gaussian assumptions both show these patterns, but for the Poisson case the emissions are naturally restricted to be positive and changes are given by means of multiplicative correction factors, producing results closer to the true nature of emission errors. Finally, we propose and test a new two-step, two-scale, fully Bayesian approach that deals with the colocalization problem and can be implemented for any prior density distribution