53 research outputs found
Morphological variation among populations of Hemigrammus coeruleus (Characiformes: Characidae) in a Negro River tributary, Brazilian Amazon
Scholarly publishing depends on peer reviewers
The peer-review crisis is posing a risk to the scholarly peer-reviewed journal system. Journals have to ask many potential peer reviewers to obtain a minimum acceptable number of peers accepting reviewing a manuscript. Several solutions have been suggested to overcome this shortage. From reimbursing for the job, to eliminating pre- publication reviews, one cannot predict which is more dangerous for the future of scholarly publishing. And, why not acknowledging their contribution to the final version of the article published? PubMed created two categories of contributors: authors [AU] and collaborators [IR]. Why not a third category for the peer-reviewer
Psychological Science in the Wake of COVID-19: Social, Methodological, and Metascientific Considerations
The COVID-19 pandemic has extensively changed the state of psychological science, from what research questions psychologists can ask to which methodologies psychologists can employ to investigate them. In this article, we offer a perspective on how to optimize new research in the pandemic’s wake. As this pandemic is inherently a social phenomenon—an event that hinges upon human-to-human contact—we focus on socially relevant subfields of psychology. We highlight specific psychological phenomena that have likely shifted due to the pandemic and discuss theoretical, methodological, and practical considerations of conducting research on these phenomena. Following this discussion, we evaluate meta-scientific issues that have been amplified by the pandemic. We aim to demonstrate how theoretically grounded views on the COVID-19 pandemic can help make psychological science stronger—not weaker—in its wake
Intra-sexual competition and vocal counter-strategies in wild female chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii)
A growing body of behavioural data is beginning to show that, like their male counterparts,
female chimpanzees can be competitive and aggressive, particularly when resources come
under pressure. These observations are especially surprising because, for a long time, females
were simply considered passive pawns of male social manoeuvrings. While we are beginning
to understand the complexities surrounding female chimpanzee group living, exactly how
females manage these social pressures is unclear. In this thesis I address this by focusing on
female competition in wild chimpanzees and the importance of vocal counter-strategies.
I examined two commonly produced female vocalisations: copulation calls and victim
screams from chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in the Budongo Forest, Uganda.
My results regarding the production and acoustic structure of copulation calls suggests that
these vocalisations play a crucial role in the lives of female chimpanzees, dissipating the risks
associated with female competition.
During aggression, chimpanzee females commonly produce victim screams and these calls
have been shown to vary systematically with the severity of aggression experienced. A
playback experiment showed that victim screams are meaningful to females and that listeners
do not just respond to the acoustically most salient signals in their environment. Females may
use this information to keep track of out-of-sight agonistic interactions and make appropriate
social decisions regarding whether to avoid an ensuing attack.
Taken together, I propose that vocalisations may represent important behavioural counter-strategies, enabling females to navigate successfully through their socially intricate world
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Black + White = Not White: A minority bias in categorizations of Black-White multiracials
© 2018 Elsevier Inc. The present research sought to provide new insights on the principles guiding the categorization of Black-White multiracial faces at a first encounter. Previous studies have typically measured categorization of multiracial faces using close-ended tasks that constrain available categorizations. Those studies find evidence that perceivers tend to categorize multiracials as Black more often than as White. Two studies used less constrained, implicit (Experiment 1) and explicit categorization (Experiment 2) tasks and found that multiracial faces were most frequently categorized into racial minority groups but not necessarily as Black. These studies suggested a minority bias in multiracial categorizations, whereby multiracials are more frequently categorized as non-White than as White. Experiment 3 provided additional support for the minority bias, showing that participants categorized multiracials as “Not White” more often than as any other category. Participants were also faster to exclude multiracial faces from the White category than from any other racial category. Together, these findings are the first to document the minority bias as a guiding principle in multiracial categorization
Recommended from our members
Black + White = Not White: A minority bias in categorizations of Black-White multiracials
The present research sought to provide new insights on the principles guiding the categorization of Black-White multiracial faces at a first encounter. Previous studies have typically measured categorization of multiracial faces using close-ended tasks that constrain available categorizations. Those studies find evidence that perceivers tend to categorize multiracials as Black more often than as White. Two studies used less constrained, implicit (Experiment 1) and explicit categorization (Experiment 2) tasks and found that multiracial faces were most frequently categorized into racial minority groups but not necessarily as Black. These studies suggested a minority bias in multiracial categorizations, whereby multiracials are more frequently categorized as non-White than as White. Experiment 3 provided additional support for the minority bias, showing that participants categorized multiracials as “Not White” more often than as any other category. Participants were also faster to exclude multiracial faces from the White category than from any other racial category. Together, these findings are the first to document the minority bias as a guiding principle in multiracial categorization
Work Profiles Identified from the 2007 Pharmacist and Pharmaceutical Scientist Career Pathway Profile Survey
Career Pathways Evaluation Program: 2002 Pharmacist Profile Survey
The article reflects on the Career Pathway Evaluation Program for pharmacy professionals launched by the American Pharmacists Association (APhA). The program aims to help student pharmacists and licensed pharmacists learn about various career options that might fit their interests and skills. It details the findings of The Career Pathway Evaluation Program: 2002 Pharmacist Profile Survey
Prescription opioid use and misuse among adolescents and young adults in the United States: A national survey study
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