Moderne incertezze sul matrimonio.

Material incluido en el volumen especial de la revista del Instituto Martín de Azpilcueta, Universidad de Navarra : Ius Canonicum (1999), en honor de Javier Hervada

New technologies and alternative uses for poplar wood

Después de una breve introducción sobre la importancia del álamo tanto para el medio ambiente como para la industrial de la madera, se analizarán los usos más comunes de la madera de chopo, en particular la producción de chapas, que es el mas importante y rentable destino para la materia prima de mejor calidad, resultado del cultivo intensivo delchopo. La madera contrachapada puede ser considerado un producto "maduro" tanto en términos de desarrollo (niveles de eficacia, producciones como productividad) y de mercado (en este momento el chapeado, también sufre de la competencia de las nuevas clases de paneles). Desde un punto de vista técnico, las posibles innovaciones están relacionadas estrictamente con la capacidad de encontrar nuevos usos y productos, con un mayor valor añadido. En este marco, el sector de la construcción parece ofrecer nuevas posibilidades, gracias al interés renovado por la madera y productos derivados de la madera. Otro destino posible para la madera de chopo podría ser la producción de madera laminada encolada. En Italia se ralizó una investigación bastante completa sobre este tema, que incluyó la posibilidad del chopo mezclado con otra especie (en particular eucalipto y alerce). Se adjuntan detalles de los resultados obtenidos. En el sector de la construcción, más allá de la posibilidad de usar el contrachapado producido para este fin, la madera de chopo también podría ser una materia prima muy buena para la producción "de paneles tecnológicos" (LVL, OSB). Para concluir, la madera de chopo es seguramente conveniente también para el uso en otros sectores. La fiabilidad de productos (con propiedades mejoradas, si fuera necesario) y sus características ecológicas, juntos con la preparación de información técnica actualizada, son, en cualquier caso, algunos de los principales factores que pueden garantizar un aumento del empleo de madera de chopo en usos no tradicionales.________________________________After a brief introduction on the importance of poplar for both the environment and the woodindustry system, the current common uses of poplar wood are discussed, with particular reference to the production of plywood, which is by far the most important and remunerative destination for the best raw material resulting from intensive poplar cultivation. Plywood can be considered a “mature” product both in terms of development (efficiency levels, yields and productivity) and of market (at the moment plywood is also suffering from the competition of new kinds of panels). From a technical point of view, possible innovations are strictly related to the ability to find new uses and new products, possibly with value added figures. In this frame, the building sector seems to offer new possibilities, also thanks to the renewed interest for wood and wood-based products. Another possible destination for poplar wood could be the production of glue-laminated timber. A quite complete research was done in Italy on this subject, which included the possibility of mixing poplar with other species (in particular eucalypt and larch). Details are given on the results obtained. In the building sector, beyond the possibility of using purposely-produced plywood, Poplar wood could also be a very good raw-material for the production of “engineered panels” (LVL, OSB). In conclusion, poplar wood is surely suitable also for use in other sectors. The reliability of products (with improved properties, if necessary) and their ecological characteristics, together with the preparation of updated technical information, are, in any case, among the main factors that can guarantee an increase of the use of poplar wood in nontraditional applications

San Josemaría Escrivá, el derecho, la justicia. (A los cincuenta años de la creación de la Facultad de Derecho Canónico de la Universidad de Navarra)

La contribución de san Josemaría Escrivá a la vida jurídica de la Iglesia no se agota en la fundación de la Facultad de Derecho canónico de la Universidad de Navarra, sino que ha adquirido un relieve general con motivo de su enseñanza acerca de la llamada universal a la santidad (y la consiguiente reconsideración de las funciones de los fieles, en particular de los laicos, en la vida de la Iglesia); así como también por la búsqueda de la forma jurídica idónea para el ente que pretende proponer a los hombre dicha enseñanza (que se concretaría final- mente en el reconocimiento de una entidad jurisdiccional jerárquica de naturaleza secular de ámbito personal); por la doctrina del valor divino de las realidades temporales y de la libertad responsable de los cristianos que actúan en ellas (que habría innovado las relaciones entre dimensión temporal y dimensión espiritual, anclada en la obsoleta concepción de las relaciones entre poderes); por la clarificación de los horizontes idóneos para vivir y superar la antinomia entre ley y carisma, entre ley y conciencia.The contribution of St. Josemaría Escrivá to the juridical history of the Church extended beyond the foundation of the School of Canon Law at the University of Navarra, and gained even greater importance because of his teaching on the universal call to holiness (which prompted a reassessment of the role of the faithful, and the laity in particular, in the life of the Church); because of the endeavor to establish the appropriate legal form for the Institution whose mission is to proclaim that call to all men and women (a legal form that was defined in the recognition of a jurisdictional hierarchical entity of a secular personal nature); because of the doctrine of the divine value of temporal realities and the responsible freedom of Christians engaged with them (thus renewing the relationship between the temporal and spiritual dimensions, which had been paralyzed in the obsolete conception of a relationship between powers); and because of the description of the appropriate horizons to strive for in order to live and rise above the contradisinction between law and charism, law and conscience

Il diritto laico come diritto fondato sulla forza e sul potere

This paper, clarified that there is no "secular state" but so many lay states as the ordinances that have decided to separate the temporal order from the spiritual one, according to the historically diverse and changing variables, is at the root of the problem arising from the tension —inherent in the legal phenomenon—; between kratos (power, strength), and ethos (justice, law as a limitation to the power). In particular, he studies in the historical and the theoretical way the function of judgment of power (and, consequently, the reawakening of force and moralization of politics) that governs religion, and clarifies the current semantic ambiguity of the secular term in one political-juridical culture (even in canon law) strongly conditioned by the dominant positivism and the absence of effective limits to the spread of power

Malocclusion and rhinitis in children: an easy-going relationship or a yet to be resolved paradox? A systematic literature revision

Objective: The relation between nasal flow and malocclusion represents a practical concern to pediatricians, otorhinolaryngologists, orthodontists, allergists and speech therapists. If naso-respiratory function may influence craniofacial growth is still debated. Chronic mouth-breathing is reported to be associated also with a characteristic pattern of dental occlusion. On the other hand, also malocclusion may reduce nasal air flows promoting nasal obstruction. Hereby, the aim of this review was to describe the relationship between rhinitis and malocclusion in children. Methods: An electronic search was conducted using online database including Pubmed, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Embase. All studies published through to January 30, 2017 investigating the prevalence of malocclusion in children and adolescents (aged 0-20 years) affected by rhinitis and the prevalence of rhinitis in children with malocclusion were included. The protocol was registered at PROSPERO - International prospective register of systematic reviews under CRD42016053619. Results: Ten studies with 2733 patients were included in the analysis. The prevalence of malocclusion in children with rhinitis was specified in four of the studies ranging from as high as 78.2% to as low as 3%. Two out of the studies reported the prevalence of rhinitis in children with malocclusion with a rate ranging from 59.2 to 76.4%. Conclusion: The results of this review underline the importance of the diagnosis and treatment of the nasal obstruction at an early age to prevent an altered facial growth, but the data currently available on this topic do not allow to establish a possible causal relationship between rhinitis and malocclusion

The Hawking-Unruh phenomenon on graphene

We find that, for a very specific shape of a monolayer graphene sample, a general relativistic-like description of a back-ground spacetime for graphene's conductivity electrons is very natural. The corresponding electronic local density of states is of finite temperature. This is a Hawking-Unruh effect that we propose to detect through an experiment with a Scanning Tunneling Microscope.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures; insignificant changes to fit the letter format; it matches published version; Physics Letters B (2012

Type III pleuropulmonary blastoma in a 7-month-old female baby with impending respiratory failure: a case report

INTRODUCTION: Pleuropulmonary blastoma is a very rare, aggressive, embryonal pulmonary neoplasm which mostly affects children under the age of 5. According to the histopathological features, three subtypes of pleuropulmonary blastoma have been recognized: type I (purely cystic), type II (grossly visible cystic and solid elements) and type III (purely solid). Characteristics of type I and type II blastoma allow an earlier diagnosis compared with type III. Here we present a case report of an unusual presentation of type III pleuropulmonary blastoma. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe the case of a 7-month-old female baby of Italian mother and Kurdish father who was diagnosed with type III pleuropulmonary blastoma, which entirely occupied her right hemithorax. CONCLUSIONS: The reported case is an unusual presentation because type III pleuropulmonary blastoma typically occurs in older children. The complete re-expansion of her residual, previously totally compressed, right lung observed immediately after the resection of the lesion suggests an atypical rapid growth of this embryonal tumor in the late phase of gestation or after delivery. This case report suggests that, in addition to other childhood tumors, type III pleuropulmonary blastoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of solid nonhomogeneous thoracic large masses, compressing the mediastinal and chest wall structures in infants. This is an original case report of interest for several specialities such us pediatrics, radiology, surgery and oncology