A long-glumed mutation in rice

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Epidemiology of atopic dermatitis in adults: Results from an international survey.

Background:There are gaps in our knowledge of the prevalence of adult atopicdermatitis (AD).Objective:To estimate the prevalence of AD in adults and by disease severity.Methods:This international, cross-sectional, web-based survey was performed inthe United States, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom, andJapan. Adult members of online respondent panels were sent a questionnaire forAD identification and severity assessment; demographic quotas ensured populationrepresentativeness for each country. A diagnosis of AD required subjects to be posi-tive on the modified UK Working Party/ISAAC criteriaandself-report of ever hav-ing an AD diagnosis by a physician. The proportion of subjects with AD whoreported being treated for their condition was determined and also used to estimateprevalence. Severity scales were Patient-Oriented SCORAD, Patient-OrientatedEczema Measure, and Patient Global Assessment.Results:Among participants by region, the point prevalence of adult AD in the over-all/treated populations was 4.9%/3.9% in the US, 3.5%/2.6% in Canada, 4.4%/3.5% inthe EU, and 2.1%/1.5% in Japan. The prevalence was generally lower for males vsfemales, and decreased with age. Regional variability was observed within countries.Severity varied by scale and region; however, regardless of the scale or region, propor-tion of subjects reporting severe disease was lower than mild or moderate disease.Conclusions:Prevalence of adult AD ranged from 2.1% to 4.9% across countries.Severe AD represented a small proportion of the overall AD population regardlessof measure or region

Dupilumab provides rapid and sustained improvement in SCORAD outcomes in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: combined results of four randomized phase 3 trials

Background:Dupilumab, a first-in-class therapy targeting the two key cytokines involved in the persistent underlying inflammatory pathway in atopic dermatitis (AD), is approved for treatment of moderate-to-severe AD in Europe, USA, Japan and several other countries. Objective:To assess dupilumab effects on SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) and component scores (objective and subjective SCORAD) over time in adults with moderate-to-severe AD. Methods:Thispost hocanalysis included 2,444 patients in four placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized, phase 3 trials. SOLO 1 and 2 (NCT02277743; NCT02277769) evaluated 16 weeks of dupilumab monotherapy against placebo. CAFe (NCT02755649) and CHRONOS (NCT02260986) evaluated dupilumab with concomitant topical corticosteroids (TCS) against TCS alone for 16 and 52 weeks, respectively. Results:2,444 patients randomized to treatment in SOLO 1 and 2 (N = 1,379), CAFe (N = 325) and CHRONOS (N = 740) were analyzed. Dupilumab treatment significantly improved overall SCORAD and individual components as early as Week 1 or 2, with significant and clinically meaningful differences vs. control through end of treatment (p < .0001). These results occurred irrespective of dupilumab regimen, 300 mg subcutaneously weekly or every 2 weeks. Conclusions:In four large phase 3 trials in adults with moderate-to-severe AD, dupilumab treatment with or without concomitant TCS resulted in rapid and sustained improvements in all SCORAD outcomes vs. placebo or TCS alone

Comparison of the agglomeration behavior of thin metallic films on SiO2

The stability of continuous metallic thin films on insulating oxide surfaces is of interest to applications such as semiconductor interconnections and gate engineering. In this work, we report the study of the formation of voids and agglomeration of initially continuous Cu, Au, Ru and Pt thin films deposited on amorphous thermally grown SiO2 surfaces. Polycrystalline thin films having thicknesses in the range of 10-100 nm were ultrahigh vacuum sputter deposited on thermally grown SiO2 surfaces. The films were annealed at temperatures in the range of 150-800 degrees C in argon and argon+3% hydrogen gases. Scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the agglomeration behavior, and transmission electron microscopy was used to characterize the microstructure of the as-deposited and annealed films. The agglomeration sequence in all of the films is found to follow a two step process of void nucleation and void growth. However, void growth in Au and Pt thin films is different from Cu and Ru thin films. Residual stress and adhesion were observed to play an important part in deciding the mode of void growth in An and Pt thin films. Last, it is also observed that the tendency for agglomeration can be reduced by encapsulating the metal film with an oxide overlayer. (c) 2005 American Vacuum Society

Dupilumab improves patient-reported symptoms of atopic dermatitis, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and health-related quality of life in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis : analysis of pooled data from the randomized trials SOLO 1 and SOLO 2

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) profoundly affects quality of life (QoL). Dupilumab significantly improves clinical outcomes, is well tolerated, and approved to treat inadequately controlled moderate-to-severe AD in adults; however, its effect on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) is not fully characterized. Objective: To evaluate the impact of dupilumab on patient-reported AD symptoms and QoL. Methods: Pooled data were analyzed from two identically designed phase 3 studies, LIBERTY AD SOLO 1 (NCT02277743) and SOLO 2 (NCT02277769), assessing the following PROs: Peak Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Pruritus Categorical Scale, SCORing AD (SCORAD), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), five-dimension EuroQoL questionnaire (EQ-5D), and patient-assessed disease status and treatment effectiveness. Results: Dupilumab rapidly improved (vs. placebo) Peak Pruritus NRS scores by day 2 (p <.05), anxiety and depression (HADS), and QoL (DLQI) by week 2, and maintained through week 16 (p <.0001). At week 16, more dupilumab-treated than placebo-treated patients reported improvement in SCORAD itch and sleep, and no pain/discomfort (EQ-5D) (p <.0001). Limitations: Cultural differences of translated PROs. Conclusion: Dupilumab had a significant, positive impact on AD symptoms, including itch, sleep, pain, anxiety and depression, and QoL in adults with moderate-to-severe AD.Peer reviewe

Excitation functions of 3He-particle-induced nuclear reactions on 103Rh: Experimental and theoretical investigations

Excitation functions for the 3He-induced reactions on 103Rh as alternative pathway for the production of the medically used 103Pd were studied by the stacked foil technique. Excitation functions of the 103Rh(3α, x) 103Pd, 103,104,104m,105Ag and 100,101,101m,102,102mRh reactions were determined up to 27 MeV by detecting only the characteristic γ-rays obtained from the decay of residual nuclei. The experimental results were compared with the theoretical ones obtained from the EMPIRE-3.2 code and ‎the TENDL nuclear data library. From the measured cross-section data integral production yields were calculated