Atendimento a Criatórios de Bovinos e Pequenos Ruminantes Localizados na Grande São Paulo

The activities developed by the Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of VeterinaryMedicine (FMVZ) are based on three fundamental pillars of the University of SãoPaulo: teaching, research and extension. These outreach activities have been used inpractical teaching clinic, helped train students and professionals interested in improvingBuiatrics clinic and small ruminants. This project aimed to provide a veterinary student learning and practical training of the main techniques of diagnosis and treatment ofdiseases affecting ruminants helping the hospital and the care given to the wishes ofthe community. Walking with the Clinic, it was possible service to properties near Sao Paulo, with veterinary care to sick animals and collection of local material to take theanalysis in the laboratories of the Hospital. During the period from August 2009 untilJuly 2010, the service of Hospital of Bovine and Small Ruminants FMVZ-USP attended238 animals, being 88 cattle, 83 goats, 47 sheep, 19 pigs and one buffalo. The Hospital ofBovine and Small Ruminants has a high casuist, enabling monitoring of a large numberand variety of clinical cases given community in the region of Sao Paulo and surroundings.The practical learning is valued and the construction of knowledge is constant. As atividades desenvolvidas pelo Departamento de Clínica Médica da Faculdade deMedicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ) se baseiam nos três pilares fundamentaisda Universidade de São Paulo: ensino, pesquisa e extensão. O presente projeto teve oobjetivo de propiciar a estudantes de medicina veterinária o aprendizado e treinamentoprático das principais técnicas de diagnóstico e tratamento das enfermidades que acometemos ruminantes, auxiliando o atendimento do hospital e atendendo aos anseiosda comunidade. Com a Clínica Ambulante, foi possível o atendimento a propriedadesperto de São Paulo, com cuidados veterinários aos animais enfermos e coleta de materialpara análise nos laboratórios do Hospital. Durante o período de agosto de 2009até julho de 2010, o serviço da Hospital de Bovinos e Pequenos Ruminantes da FMVZ--USP atendeu 238 animais, sendo 88 bovinos, 83 caprinos, 47 ovinos, 19 suínos e 1 búfalo.O Hospital de Bovinos e Pequenos Ruminantes tem uma alta casuísta, permitindoo acompanhamento de grande quantidade e variedade de casos clínicos atendendo acomunidade da região da cidade de São Paulo e arredores. O aprendizado prático é valorizadoe a construção do conhecimento é constante

Electrocardiographic Aspects of Singleton Pregnancy and Neonatal Period in American Miniature Horse Breed

Background: During pregnancy, cardiovascular adaptations occur in order to meet maternal demands and adequate support for fetal development, but they are still unclear in the equine species, especially in the American Miniature horse breed. The main hemodynamic changes that occur during pregnancy are increased heart rate, cardiac output, and blood volume. It is necessary to use the reference values for the miniature breeds, in addition to the age range and reproductive condition, so the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of pregnancy on electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters in mares and also of age in newborns foals of American Miniature horse breed. Materials, Methods & Results: Ten American Miniature Horse mares, between 7 and 19 years old (12.14 ± 4.05 years), 116.85 ± 24.09 kg of body weight were used in the experiment. All these mares were pluriparous, with 5.9 ± 3.5 of births, minimum of 2, and maximum of 12 foaling times. They were maintained in common social group in an indoor house stable with straw bed, with access to an outdoor paddock for several h per day. Twice a day they were fed with hay. Mineral supplements and water were available ad libitum. The ECG were obtained in 10 pregnant mares and in 10 neonates. All females were examined at a representative time of each trimester of pregnancy, at 30, 210, 300 days before and 21 days after delivery. Neonates were examined on different times: first 24 h after delivery, weekly on the 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th and 35th days of age. The ECG parameters considered were the heart rate and rhythm, duration and intervals (P, PR, QRS, QT, T) and amplitude (P, R, S, T) of ECG waves. The mean of pregnancy duration was 319.4 ± 4.97 days. Heart Rate (HR) varied between 51 to 59 bpm during pregnancy and 56 bpm on the 21st day after delivery. Comparing the clinical parameters of pregnant mares, non-pregnant mares and foal a difference was found for HR, Respiration Rate (RR) and Temperature (P = 0.001). All ECG parameters of pregnant, non-pregnant and foal mares showed a significant difference (P = 0.0001), except for the amplitude of the P1, P2 and R waves, which was similar for the 3 groups. The mean values of HR and amplitude of the positive T wave were higher in foals when compared to pregnant and non-pregnant mares, which in turn did not differ from each other. The mean duration of the P wave, PR segment, QRS complex, QT segment and T wave were the same among mares and greater than in foals. Comparing pregnant and non-pregnant mares, there was a difference in only 3 parameters: duration of the QTc segment, amplitude of the S wave and negative T wave. The non-pregnant mares had a longer duration of the QTc segment and a greater amplitude of the negative T wave, while the foals had a greater amplitude of the S wave.Discussion: Although this study did not measure HR at delivery time, it is worth to consider the action of the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system close to delivery, which reduces the HR of mares. This is because at delivery, sympathetic-adrenal activation should be avoided since the increase in sympathetic tone can cause uterine atony via B2 receptors. For this reason, it has been shown that, during physiological birth, horses are under parasympathetic control, and stress response mechanisms are not activated. It was conclude that the morphometry of the waves, intervals and ECG complexes, during the evolution of the reproductive state, the electrocardiographic aspects were generally associated with heart rate (PR and QT intervals). As for neonates, there was a discrepancy among the most of ECG parameters when compared to the adult female, regardless of reproductive status, clarifying the importance of ECG patterns not only for the breed, but also for the age group

Interference of Mycoplasma spp. or Ureaplasma spp. in Ovine Semen Quality

Abstract The presence of mycoplasma in ovine semen was associated in 9.09% (3/ 33) to the microscopic and macroscopic alterations of this fluid. Mycoplasma spp. was isolated in 36.36% (12/33) fro m semen samples while Ureaplasma spp. was isolated in 12.12% (4/ 33). The mo llicute infection rates in studied semen samples indicated that the diagnosis of these bacteria in ovine must be a routine procedure for the quality of this biological product

The use of injetable progesterone after time fixed artificial insemination in high producing dairy cows as a strategy to improve the reproductive eficience in dairy farm

Com o intuito de contribuir para a melhoria da eficiência na reprodução de vacas leiteiras de alta produção, objetivou-se no presente trabalho avaliar a taxa de concepção (TC) e a perda gestacional precoce (PGP) em vacas da raça Holandesa suplementadas com 900 mg de progesterona injetável de longa ação, quatro dias após Inseminação Artificial em Tempo Fixo (IATF) em relação ao grupo controle. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em rebanho leiteiro comercial na cidade de Descalvado-SP, durante o período de janeiro de 2016 até janeiro de 2017, resultando em um total de 1.414 protocolos de IATF, sendo 708 do grupo experimental com progesterona (G1) e 706 do grupo controle (G2). Não houve diferença na TC aos 30 (p=0,276) e aos 60 dias (p=0,215) de G1 em relação a G2. Houve diferença significativa PGP (p=0,007), em que foi possível aferir que vacas tratadas com progesterona pós-IATF tiveram 2,1 vezes mais chance de perderem a gestação em relação àquelas do grupo controle. Foi realizado teste de regressão logística para os subgrupos que foram ao final significativos para efeito de progesterona: Vacas (G1) com 1-4 inseminações, primíparas, no inverno obtiveram 63% menos chance de se tornarem prenhes aos 30 dias. Vacas com mais de 4 inseminações no verão obtiveram 2,5 vezes mais chance de se tornarem prenhes aos 30 dias e 2,6 vezes mais chance de se tornarem prenhes aos 60 dias. Conclui-se que a utilização indiscriminada de progesterona injetável pós-IATF neste estudo não trouxe melhoria em TC30 e TC60 e houve aumento de PGP. No entanto, pode-se afirmar que a suplementação de progesterona influencia positivamente as TC30 e TC60 para a classe de vacas com mais de 4 inseminações no período do verão.To improve the reproductive efficiency of high production dairy cows, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the conception rate of Holstein cows of high production supplemented with 900 mg of long acting injectable progesterone, four days after FTAI and Early Pregnancy Loss (EPL) comparing it to the control group. The project is a result of information collected from a commercial dairy herd from Descalvado-SP, during January 2016 until January 2017, totalizing 1414 FTAI protocols, 708 within the experimental group with progesterone supplementation (G1) and 706 within the control group (G2). There was no statistical difference in conception rate at 30 days (CR30) (p = 0.276) and conception rate at 60 days (CR60) (p = 0.215) between G1 and G2. There was a significant difference in the EPL (p = 0.007), which was possible to ascertain that cows treated with progesterone after FTAI were 2.1 times more likely to lose pregnancy than those in the control group. A logistic regression test was performed to evaluate the interaction of classes and those relations to progesterone, within the values of p <0.1 considered for group subdivisions. Among the subgroups that were significant for progesterone effect: Cows that received 1 to 4 inseminations primiparous in the winter, for CR30 (p = 0.009); Cows with 5 or more inseminations in the summer for CR30 (p = 0.004) and CR60 (p = 0.008). Cows with 1-4 inseminations, primiparous, in the winter were 63% less likely to become pregnant at 30 days. Cows with more than 4 inseminations in the summer were 2.5 times more likely to become pregnant at 30 days and 2.6 times more likely to become pregnant at 60 days. It was concluded that the indiscriminate use of injectable progesterone after FTAI in this study did not bring improvement in CR30 neither CR60 and the reproductive efficiency was decreased, with increase of EPL. It is possible to hold true that that progesterone supplementation at 4th day after FTAI positively influences the CR30 and CR60 among the cows within the class with more than 4 inseminations in the summer

A candidate transporter allowing symbiotic dinoflagellates to feed their coral hosts

Maor-Landaw K, Eisenhut M, Tortorelli G, et al. A candidate transporter allowing symbiotic dinoflagellates to feed their coral hosts. ISME Communications: New Developments in Microbial Ecology . 2023;3(1): 7.The symbiotic partnership between corals and dinoflagellate algae is crucial to coral reefs. Corals provide their algal symbionts with shelter, carbon dioxide and nitrogen. In exchange, the symbiotic algae supply their animal hosts with fixed carbon in the form of glucose. But how glucose is transferred from the algal symbiont to the animal host is unknown. We reasoned that a transporter resident in the dinoflagellate cell membrane would facilitate outward transfer of glucose to the surrounding host animal tissue. We identified a candidate transporter in the cnidarian symbiont dinoflagellate Breviolum minutum that belongs to the ubiquitous family of facilitative sugar uniporters known as SWEETs (sugars will eventually be exported transporters). Previous gene expression analyses had shown that BmSWEET1 is upregulated when the algae are living symbiotically in a cnidarian host by comparison to the free-living state [1, 2]. We used immunofluorescence microscopy to localise BmSWEET1 in the dinoflagellate cell membrane. Substrate preference assays in a yeast surrogate transport system showed that BmSWEET1 transports glucose. Quantitative microscopy showed that symbiotic B. minutum cells have significantly more BmSWEET1 protein than free-living cells of the same strain, consistent with export during symbiosis but not during the free-living, planktonic phase. Thus, BmSWEET1 is in the right place, at the right time, and has the right substrate to be the transporter with which symbiotic dinoflagellate algae feed their animal hosts to power coral reefs. © 2023. The Author(s)

CASP8 (rs3834129) and CASP3 (rs4647601) polymorphisms in oropharynx cancer risk, tumor cell differentiation, and prognosis in a cohort of the Brazilian population

The objective of this research was to assess the association of genetic polymorphisms related to intrinsic apoptosis pathway CASP8 rs3834129 and CASP3 rs4647601 with the risk, clinical and pathological aspects, and survival of oropharynx squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) patients that received cisplatin and radiotherapy. The genotypes were identified in 198 patients with OPSCC and 200 controls using polymerase chain reaction methods. Chi square or Fisher's exact test and logistic regression were applied for the detection of differences between groups. Patients' genotypes were statistically evaluated considering the event-free survival and overall analysis using Kaplan-Meier estimate and Cox regression. CASP3 rs4647601 GG genotype (44.4% vs. 30.0%, p = 0.03) and G allele (63.9% vs. 55.5%, p = 0.04) were more common in patients with OPSCC than in controls. Carriers of GG genotype and G allele were under 1.78-fold and 1.40-fold increased risk of OPSCC than others, respectively. The frequency of CASP8 rs3834129 DD genotype was higher in patients with OPSCC with poorly differentiated or undifferentiated tumors when compared to others (34.5% vs. 16.1%, p = 0.02). No influence of CASP8 and CASP3 polymorphisms on OPSCC patients' survival was seen in this study. Our results indicate that inherited genetic variants in the intrinsic apoptosis pathway related to CASP3 rs4647601 and CASP8 rs3834129 polymorphisms may be an important determinant of OPSCC risk and tumor cell differentiation.46665576563CNPQ - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoSem informaçã