17 research outputs found
Cosmic Ray Anomalies from the MSSM?
The recent positron excess in cosmic rays (CR) observed by the PAMELA
satellite may be a signal for dark matter (DM) annihilation. When these
measurements are combined with those from FERMI on the total () flux
and from PAMELA itself on the ratio, these and other results are
difficult to reconcile with traditional models of DM, including the
conventional mSUGRA version of Supersymmetry even if boosts as large as
are allowed. In this paper, we combine the results of a previously
obtained scan over a more general 19-parameter subspace of the MSSM with a
corresponding scan over astrophysical parameters that describe the propagation
of CR. We then ascertain whether or not a good fit to this CR data can be
obtained with relatively small boost factors while simultaneously satisfying
the additional constraints arising from gamma ray data. We find that a specific
subclass of MSSM models where the LSP is mostly pure bino and annihilates
almost exclusively into pairs comes very close to satisfying these
requirements. The lightest in this set of models is found to be
relatively close in mass to the LSP and is in some cases the nLSP. These models
lead to a significant improvement in the overall fit to the data by an amount
dof in comparison to the best fit without Supersymmetry
while employing boosts . The implications of these models for future
experiments are discussed.Comment: 57 pages, 31 figures, references adde
Massive stars in massive clusters II: Disruption of bound clusters by photoionization
We present an SPH parameter study of the dynamical effect of photoionization
from O--type stars on star--forming clouds of a range of masses and sizes
during the time window before supernovae explode. Our model clouds all have the
same degree of turbulent support initially, the ratio of turbulent kinetic
energy to gravitational potential energy being set to =0.7. We allow the clouds to form stars and study the dynamical effects
of the ionizing radiation from the massive stars or clusters born within them.
We find that dense filamentary structures and accretion flows limit the
quantities of gas that can be ionized, particularly in the higher density
clusters. More importantly, the higher escape velocities in our more massive
(10M) clouds prevent the HII regions from sweeping up and
expelling significant quantities of gas, so that the most massive clouds are
largely dynamically unaffected by ionizing feedback. However, feedback has a
profound effect on the lower--density 10 and 10M clouds
in our study, creating vast evacuated bubbles and expelling tens of percent of
the neutral gas in the 3Myr timescale before the first supernovae are expected
to detonate, resulting in clouds highly porous to both photons and supernova
ejecta.Comment: 18 pages, 17 figures (mostly degraded to get under the filesize
limit), accepted by MNRA
Before the first supernova: combined effects of H II regions and winds on molecular clouds
This article has been accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. © 2014 The Authors. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society.We model the combined effects of photoionization and momentum-driven winds from O-stars on molecular clouds spanning a parameter space of initial conditions. The dynamical effects of the winds are very modest. However, in the lower mass clouds, they influence the morphologies of the H II regions by creating 10-pc-scale central cavities. The inhomogeneous structures of the model giant molecular clouds (GMCs) make them highly permeable to photons, ionized gas and supernova ejecta, and the leaking of ionized gas in particular strongly affects their evolution, reducing the effectiveness of feedback. Nevertheless, feedback is able to expel large fractions of the mass of the lower escape velocity clouds. Its impact on star formation is more modest, decreasing final star formation efficiencies by 10–20 per cent, and the rate of change of the star formation efficiency per freefall time by about one third. However, the clouds still form stars substantially faster than observed GMCs.Peer reviewe
Brittle properties and wear resistance of the surface layers of hot-pressed manganese-zinc ferrites
Zebrafish behavioral profiling identifies multi-target antipsychotic-like compounds
Many psychiatric drugs act on multiple targets and therefore require screening assays that encompass a wide target space. With sufficiently rich phenotyping, and a large sampling of compounds, it should be possible to identify compounds with desired mechanisms of action based on their behavioral profiles alone. Although zebrafish (Danio rerio) behaviors have been used to rapidly identify neuroactive compounds, it remains unclear exactly what kind of behavioral assays might be necessary to identify multi-target compounds such as antipsychotics. Here, we developed a battery of behavioral assays in larval zebrafish to determine if behavioral profiles could provide sufficient phenotypic resolution to identify and classify psychiatric drugs. Using the antipsychotic drug haloperidol as a test case, we found that behavioral profiles of haloperidol-treated animals could be used to identify previously uncharacterized compounds with desired antipsychotic-like activities and multi-target mechanisms of action