On the body-mind nexus in chronic musculoskeletal pain: A scoping review

Background and objective: Bodily experience disturbances are frequent among chronic musculoskeletal pain patients and associated with important pain-related psychosocial outcomes (e.g., disability, quality of life). However, the relationship between bodily experience and the psychological dimensions of chronic pain (e.g., affective, cognitive) has only recently garnered attention. This scoping review aimed to identify trends and gaps in research on the nexus between body awareness, body image, and body schema, and psychological processes/outcomes in adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain to inform future directions for research and practice. Databases and data treatment: This study was guided by Arksey and O’Malley's guidelines and PRISMA-ScR recommendations. Keywords related to body awareness/body image/body schema and pain were searched on PsycInfo and PubMed from database inception until 16 February 2021; 2045 articles were screened, and 41 met the inclusion criteria (i.e., primary quantitative studies investigating body awareness/body image/body schema in relation to pain-related psychological outcomes/processes in chronic musculoskeletal pain). Results: The referred bodily experience constructs have been inconsistently defined. Body awareness was the most investigated construct, with consistent operationalization strategies. The links between body schema/body image and pain-related psychological processes/outcomes are still under-investigated. Most studies examined the role of bodily experience as a correlate/predictor of psychological outcomes/processes; overall, a better relationship with one's own body was associated with better pain-related psychological outcomes/processes. Conclusions: Our findings emphasize the relevance of further investigating body-mind relations in musculoskeletal pain and the development of therapies designed to improve the bodily experience within multidisciplinary treatment programmes. Suggestions for future research are discussed. Significance: This scoping review identifies trends/gaps in current research on the relationship between body awareness/body image/body schema and pain-related psychological processes/outcomes in adults with musculoskeletal pain. Overall, findings suggest that better bodily experiences are associated to lower fear-avoidance beliefs, better self-regulation strategies and better chronic pain adjustment, being important targets in pain management interventions. Nonetheless, the results also emphasize the need to further investigate the causal relationships and other outcomes related to psychological resilience, as well as to develop gold standard treatments focused on bodily experience.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Super-poissonian photon statistics and correlations between pump and probe fields in Electromagnetically Induced Transparency

We have measured the photon statistics of pump and probe beams after interaction with Rb atoms in a situation of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency. Both fields present super-poissonian statistics and their intensities become correlated, in good qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions in which both fields are treated quantum-mechanically. The intensity correlations measured are a first step towards the observation of entanglement between the fields.Comment: 4 pages, two-column, 4 figures, first submitted to PRL on Aug. 6, 200

Evaluating the capacity of human gut microorganisms to colonize the zebrafish larvae (Danio rerio)

Indexación: Scopus.In this study we evaluated if zebrafish larvae can be colonized by human gut microorganisms. We tested two strategies: (1) through transplantation of a human fecal microbiota and (2) by successively transplanting aerotolerant anaerobic microorganisms, similar to the colonization in the human intestine during early life. We used conventionally raised zebrafish larvae harboring their own aerobic microbiota to improve the colonization of anaerobic microorganisms. The results showed with the fecal transplant, that some members of the human gut microbiota were transferred to larvae. Bacillus, Roseburia, Prevotella, Oscillospira, one unclassified genus of the family Ruminococcaceae and Enterobacteriaceae were detected in 3 days post fertilization (dpf) larvae; however only Bacillus persisted to 7 dpf. Successive inoculation of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Clostridioides did not improve their colonization, compared to individual inoculation of each bacterial species. Interestingly, the sporulating bacteria Bacillus clausii and Clostridioides difficile were the most persistent microorganisms. Their endospores persisted at least 5 days after inoculating 3 dpf larvae. However, when 5 dpf larvae were inoculated, the proportion of vegetative cells in larvae increased, revealing proliferation of the inoculated bacteria and better colonization of the host. In conclusion, these results suggest that it is feasible to colonize zebrafish larvae with some human bacteria, such as C. difficile and Bacillus and open an interesting area to study interactions between these microorganisms and the host. © 2018 Valenzuela, Caruffo, Herrera, Medina, Coronado, Feijóo, Muñoz, Garrido, Troncoso, Figueroa, Toro, Reyes-Jara, Magne and Navarrete.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01032/ful

Comportamento da taxa fotossintetica do umbuzeiro sob condicoes de campo.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi observar o comportamento fotossintético do umbuzeiro em seu habitat natural