Garrido-Faustino, S. (Soledad)

Ramos, F. (Fernando)

Rincón-Hidalgo, M. (Margarita)

English

Ramos, Fernando

Rincón-Hidalgo, Margarita

Garrido-Faustino, Soledad

Digital.CSIC

Anchovy in Division 9a (ane.27.9a). Overview.

Repositorio Institucional Digital del IEO

Anchovy in Division 9a (ane.27.9a). O iverv ew.F d R (1) M it Ri ó (2) S G id (3)ernan o  amos ,  argar a  nc n  ,  usana  arr o(1) Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Centro Oceanográfico de Cádiz. Spain  (2) Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (ICMAN). Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. España.(2)Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA). Portugal.ICES WKPELA‐2018 Data Evaluation Workshop. ICES HQ. Copenhagen, 04‐06 December 2017.Ane.27.9a. Stock identity and structure.For management purposes, the Europeananchovy present in the Atlantic is separatedi t di ti t t k itn wo s nc s oc un s:‐ane.27.8. Bay of Biscay anchovy (BoB, ICESSub‐Area 8).‐ ane.27.9a. Anchovy in Division 9a (ICESDivision 9a: Spanish Galician coast,Portuguese coast and Spanish waters of the9a NGulf of Cadiz, GoC).• (Originally) The stock limits were9a CNessentially based on administrativeconsiderations.• Both the homogeneity of the9a CS9a Sane.27.9a stock and the extent ofmixing between the two stocks is stilluncertain.9a S (ALG) 9a S (CAD)Ane.27.9a. Anchovy spatial distribution.• Core habitats (areas of recurrent highest concentration & low CVs & gravity centers):• French shelf south of 47°N, close to the Gironde estuary (45°N, ICES Sub‐area 8b).• Spanish waters of the GoC (ICES Sub‐division 9a South, 9a S (CAD)). Highly recurrent gravitycenters.• Secondary habitats (areas of medium to low mean abundances & high CVs):N th f B B (47°N)• or o o .• North of Portugal (41°N)• Others locations: Northern Spain and NW BoB are areas of a very low mean abundance and highinter‐annual variability.Ane.27.9a. Spatial distribution of the fishery.• Ane 27 9a:9a N_ _International fisheryharvested by Spain (9aN and 9a S (CAD)) and9a CN Portugal (9a CN‐CS‐S(ALG))9a CS9a S9a S (ALG) 9a S (CAD)Ane.27.9a. Recent series of Landings/Discards/Catches.• The bulk (> 80% on average) of the fishery in 9a S (CAD). Peaks in landingsin the West only when anchovy is abundant there (sardine is historically thetarget species).• Purse‐seine (PSP_SPF_0_0_0): the main responsible for the anchovy fishery( % h )c.a. >95 catc es on average .• Discards (by PS, OBT) may be considered negligible through the Division.Notwithstanding the above, they are estimated and summed to landings toid t h i 2014prov e ca c es s nce on.Ane.27.9a. Fishery data. Length (LFD) sampling. Dataavailability.SUB‐DIV QUARTER 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016Q1Q2Q3Q4SUB‐DIV QUARTER 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016Q1Q29a N9a CNWQ3Q4SUB‐DIV QUARTER 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016Q1Q2Q3 9a CSQ4SUB‐DIV QUARTER 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016Q1Q2Q3Q49a S (ALG)SUB‐DIV QUARTER 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016Q1Q2Q3Q49a S (CAD)SANCHOVY  is the target species.  • Coverage and intensity of the length sampling of landings is veryvariable through the Division and depends on the resource availabilityand commercial interest.• LFDs sampled on a monthly basis, but are provided bysubdivision/quarter/métier to ICES WGHANSA.Ane.27.9a. Fishery data. Length (LFD) sampling. A recentexample.9a N300040005000ers ('000)2016LANDINGS ALLFLEETSCatches: 222 tMean length: 13.2 cm• North‐western anchovies in0100020003,5 5,5 7,5 9,5 11,5 13,5 15,5 17,5 19,5 21,5NumbeL th ( )the Division are larger thantheir southern relatives.eng  cm750001000009a C-N (PS_SPF_0_0_0)2016 Q3Catches: 6000 tMean length: 15 6 cm• Minimum landing size:• 9a N (ES), 9a CN‐9a CS‐9a S (PT): 12 cm2500050000Numbers ('000)  .  .• 9a S (ES): 10 cm.06 8 10 12 14 16 18 20Length (cm)1000009a S (CA)2016LANDINGS ALLFLEETS DISCARDS ALLFLEETS250005000075000Numbers ('000) Catches: 6581 tMean length: 12.0 cm03,5 5,5 7,5 9,5 11,5 13,5 15,5 17,5 19,5 21,5Length (cm)Ane.27.9a. Fishery data. Age sampling. Data availability.SUB‐DIV QUARTER 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016Q1 ? ? ?Q2 ? ? ?WQ3 ? ? ?Q4 ? ? ?SUB‐DIV QUARTER 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016Q1Q29a N9a CNQ3Q4SUB‐DIV QUARTER 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016Q1Q2Q39a CSQ4SUB‐DIV QUARTER 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016Q1Q2Q3Q49a S (ALG)S SUB‐DIV QUARTER 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016Q1Q2Q3Q49a S (CAD)• The same considerations on LFD sampling spatio‐temporal coverage arealso applicable to age sampling.Ane.27.9a. Fishery data. Age sampling. Age structure ofcatches.15202530er (Millions)Age structure in catches 9a North Age 3 Age 2Age 1Age 005101995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015NumbeYear1000120014001600(Millions)Age structure in catches 9a South Age 3 Age 2Age 1Age 002004006008001995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015Number Year• Only available for the fishery in the 9a N and 9a S (CAD) subdivisions.• Age 0 to Age 3 present in the fishery.• The bulk of the fishery composed by (mainly) Age 1 and Age 0 groups Age.2+ are incidental.• Northern anchovies are larger and heavier than southern ones for the sameage.Ane.27.9a. Pelagic surveys providing anchovy populationestimates.Sub‐division Spring Summer  Autumn 9a N PELACUS (ES)WES9a CNPELAGO (PT)JUVESAR (PT)9a CSTERN   9a SECOCADIZ (SP)BOCADEVA (ES) ECOCADIZ‐RECLUTAS (Triennial) (SP)SOUTHERN Acoustics   DEPMAne.27.9a. Pelagic surveys providing anchovy populationestimates.Method Acoustics DEPMSurvey PELACUS SAR (Q1‐Q2)/PELAGO SAR (Q4) JUVESAR ECOCADIZECOCADIZ‐RECLUTAS BOCADEVAInstitute (Country)IEO(Spain)IPMA(Portugal)IPMA (Portugal)IPMA (Portugal)IEO(Spain)IEO(Spain)IEO(Spain)Subareas 9a N 9a CN‐9a S 9a CN‐9a S 9a CN 9a S 9a S 9a SYear/Quarter Q1 Q2 Q1 Q2 Q4 Q4 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q2 Q31998 Nov1999 Mar 2000 Nov2001 Mar Nov2002 Mar 2003 Feb (Nov)2004 (Jun) Jun2005 Apr (Nov) Jun2006 Apr (Nov) Jun2007 Apr Nov Jul2008 Apr Apr (Nov) Jun2009 Apr Apr Jun (Oct)2010 Apr Apr (Jul)2011 Apr Apr Jul2012 A Npr ov2013 Mar Apr (Nov) Aug2014 Mar Apr (Nov) Jul Oct Jul2015 Mar Apr Dec Jul Oct2016 Mar Apr Dec Jul Oct2017 Mar Apr Jul Jul2008‐2017: period with spring estimates (PELACUS & PELAGO) for the whole Division. One gap in 2012.ECOCADIZ series (summer estimates) shows gaps in 2008, 2011 and 2012.BOCADEVA series (DEPM summer estimates) filled the gaps in 2008 and 2011. Ane.27.9a. Pelagic surveys providing anchovy populationestimates Data availability. .SURVEY SUB‐DIVISION 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017PELACUS 9a N PELAGO9a CN9a CS9a S (ALG)9a S (CAD)ECOCADIZ9a S (ALG)9a S (CAD)SURVEY SUB‐DIVISION 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017BOCADEVA 9a S (ALG & CAD)SURVEY SUB‐DIVISION 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 20179a CNSAR (AUT) 9a CS9a S (ALG)9a S (CAD)JUVESAR 9a CNECOCADIZ‐ 9a S (ALG)RECLUTAS 9a S (CAD)Aggregated estimatesLength‐based estimatesLength‐ and age‐structured estimatesAne.27.9a. Surveys trends. Spring acoustic surveys.356620002500300035004000ass (t)9a N03062642150845 2050500100015001998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018BiomaYearPELACUS27050383022500030000350004000045000mass (t)9a CN190 281 472 0 0 0 0 3000 2089039551947823715481050001000015000200001998 2003 2008 2013 2018BiomYearPELAGO9aCS1070 10621945250511881500200025003000omass (t) 9a S40687 112 0 00 0 0 0 0 0050010001998 2003 2008 2013 2018BioYearPELAGO24763 2491321335245651404124082380203416224745 289173310065345200003000040000500006000070000Biomass (t)PELAGO7395012700 137970100001998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018Year9a SAne.27.9a. Surveys trends. Southern summer surveys.24763 249132133524565 24082380203416224745 2891733100653453000040000500006000070000omass (t)• Do spring and summer surveys series exhibit similar trends in GoCor not?140417395012700 13797010000200001998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018BioYearPELAGO• Causes for differences:• Strong anchovy dynamics? Possible.365212888221580292193418425000300003500040000s (t)9a S  • Survey season/Time effect? 3‐4 month lag. Sure.• Cumulated total mortality 181771233984872130512229050001000015000200001998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018BiomassECOCÁDIZfrom spring to summer? Sure.• Differences in catchability? Probable but not assessed.4500050000BOCADEVA (DEPM)9a SYear • Problems in the detection of echoes? Sure. Very difficult in the Southern Spanish waters.Wh t h ld b th th l t b1463731527 32757 31569150002000025000300003500040000Biomass (t)• a  s ou   e  en  e ro e  o  e played by the summer surveys in the trend‐based analyses?...As an independent tester of the spring1242205000100001998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018Year         estimate? As a “smoothing agent”?Ane.27.9a. Qualitative Stock assessment.• No analytical assessment. • Qualitative stock assessment: A survey biomass trend‐based assessment (without catch advice). ICES Stock Data Category 3.ICES stock data category 3 (ICES, 2016).Assessment type Survey based assessment without catch advice (ICES, 2017b)Commercial landings ages and length frequencies from landing sampling Survey indices for 9 a South: SARTable 5 Anchovy in Division 9.a. Basis of assessment and advice.Input data, . .Q2/PELAGO, ECOCÁDIZ, and BOCADEVA (triennial DEPM survey). Survey indices for 9.a West: acousticspring surveys PELACUS (Subdivision 9.a North) and SAR Q2/PELAGO (Subdivision 9.a Central–North,Central–South).Discards and bycatch Discard estimates are available for some fisheries since 2014 and are considered negligible.Indicators None.Other informationJUVESAR and ECOCADIZ‐RECLUTAS surveys have very short time‐series at the moment. These surveys aim at obtaining recruitment indicators potentially useful for advice in the future.Working group Working Group on Southern Horse mackerel, Anchovy and Sardine (WGHANSA)Ane.27.9a. The two stock components approach. A proposal.• The anchovy fishery and their exploited populationsare spatially separated and with independent dynamics(via their recruitment pulses).• Southern component: stable population, relativelyindependent of the remaining populations. Core habitat(for spawning and recruitment).“Western Component”(9aN‐9aCN‐9aCS) • Western component: latent populations, which onlydevelop under suitable environmental conditions.Secondary habitats.“Southern Component”(9aS)• Populations from both components exhibitmorphological segregation pattern (and in some life‐hi i ) d b bl diff istory tra ts an , pro a y, erent genet c structure.• Survey trends‐based qualitative assessment is carriedout considering this spatial explicit monitoring.• ICES SIMWG 2015 did not consider these evidences enough to consider 2 different stocks.• ICES WGHANSA still support the idea of two different “stocks” for the above reasons.• Stock identity : an important issue.Ane.27.9a. Computation of Stock (Biomass) Size Indicators.• Western component (9aN‐9aCN‐9aCS) : SUM of spring acoustic estimates fromPELACUS + PELAGO surveys.• Southern component (9aS) : MEAN of PELAGO spring acoustic estimate &ECOCADIZ ti ti t & BOCADEVA d ti tsummer acous c es ma e summer epm es ma e .Rationale (under the –strong‐ assumption of equal catchabilities):Uncertainties/difficulties found in the acoustic assessment of the 9aS(CAD) in some years‐ .‐ Gaps in the ECOCADIZ series, filled triennially by BOCADEVA.‐ Searching for a way of achieving an “average picture” of the population level.Problems:‐ In the moment of the provision of advice by ICES (late June), summer surveys estimates arenot yet available. The resulting indicator for the assessment year is incomplete, computedonly with the PELAGO spring estimate. The value for that year is then re‐computed in thenext year meeting with all the estimates available Not a very consistent approach. .‐ Serious doubts about the suitability of this computation method. A strange cocktail. Datapoints through the series are estimated with a different number of surveys depending ontheir availability.Ane.27.9a. Computation of Stock (Biomass) Size Indicators.3500040000450009a West Stock size indicator 200002500030000Biomass (t)700008000090000100000Div 9a Stock size indicator 0500010000150001989 1994 1999 2004 2009 201430000400005000060000Biomass (t)50000600009a S Stock size indicator 010000200001989 1994 1999 2004 2009 20143000040000Biomass (t)010000200001989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2014BAne.27.9a. Analytical‐Statistical Stock assessment to beexplored & benchmarked.• A benchmark process will start in 2018:• Postponed several times because shortage of personnel.• Benchmarked for the first time.• Data Evaluation WK in December 2017: to fix data. • Benchmark WK in February 2018 (WKPELA 2018): to explore an analytical assessment (Gadget).Margarita’s presentation

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Anchovy in Division 9a (ane.27.9a). Overview.

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