150 research outputs found
Demonstration of the temporal matter-wave Talbot effect for trapped matter waves
We demonstrate the temporal Talbot effect for trapped matter waves using
ultracold atoms in an optical lattice. We investigate the phase evolution of an
array of essentially non-interacting matter waves and observe matter-wave
collapse and revival in the form of a Talbot interference pattern. By using
long expansion times, we image momentum space with sub-recoil resolution,
allowing us to observe fractional Talbot fringes up to 10th order.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figure
Kaon Production and Kaon to Pion Ratio in Au+Au Collisions at \snn=130 GeV
Mid-rapidity transverse mass spectra and multiplicity densities of charged
and neutral kaons are reported for Au+Au collisions at \snn=130 GeV at RHIC.
The spectra are exponential in transverse mass, with an inverse slope of about
280 MeV in central collisions. The multiplicity densities for these particles
scale with the negative hadron pseudo-rapidity density. The charged kaon to
pion ratios are and
for the most central collisions. The ratio is lower than the same
ratio observed at the SPS while the is higher than the SPS result.
Both ratios are enhanced by about 50% relative to p+p and +p
collision data at similar energies.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl
Phi meson production in Au+Au and p+p collisions at sqrt (s)=200 GeV
We report the STAR measurement of Phi meson production in Au+Au and p+p
collisions at sqrt (s)=200 GeV. Using the event mixing technique, the Phi
spectra and yields are obtained at mid-rapidity for five centrality bins in
Au+Au collisions and for non-singly-diffractive p+p collisions. It is found
that the Phi transverse momentum distributions from Au+Au collisions are better
fitted with a single-exponential while the p+p spectrum is better described by
a double-exponential distribution. The measured nuclear modification factors
indicate that Phi production in central Au+Au collisions is suppressed relative
to peripheral collisions when scaled by the number of binary collisions. The
systematics of versus centrality and the constant Phi/K- ratio versus beam
species, centrality, and collision energy rule out kaon coalescence as the
dominant mechanism for Phi production.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Let
Azimuthal anisotropy at RHIC: the first and fourth harmonics
We report the first observations of the first harmonic (directed flow, v_1),
and the fourth harmonic (v_4), in the azimuthal distribution of particles with
respect to the reaction plane in Au+Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion
Collider (RHIC). Both measurements were done taking advantage of the large
elliptic flow (v_2) generated at RHIC. From the correlation of v_2 with v_1 it
is determined that v_2 is positive, or {\it in-plane}. The integrated v_4 is
about a factor of 10 smaller than v_2. For the sixth (v_6) and eighth (v_8)
harmonics upper limits on the magnitudes are reported.Comment: 6 pages with 3 figures, as accepted for Phys. Rev. Letters The data
tables are at
http://www.star.bnl.gov/central/publications/pubDetail.php?id=3
Quantizing N=2 Multicenter Solutions
N=2 supergravity in four dimensions, or equivalently N=1 supergravity in five
dimensions, has an interesting set of BPS solutions that each correspond to a
number of charged centers. This set contains black holes, black rings and their
bound states, as well as many smooth solutions. Moduli spaces of such solutions
carry a natural symplectic form which we determine, and which allows us to
study their quantization. By counting the resulting wavefunctions we come to an
independent derivation of some of the wall-crossing formulae. Knowledge of the
explicit form of these wavefunctions allows us to find quantum resolutions to
some apparent classical paradoxes such as solutions with barely bound centers
and those with an infinitely deep throat. We show that quantum effects seem to
cap off the throat at a finite depth and we give an estimate for the
corresponding mass gap in the dual CFT. This is an interesting example of a
system where quantum effects cannot be neglected at macroscopic scales even
though the curvature is everywhere small.Comment: 49 pages + appendice
Mid-rapidity anti-proton to proton ratio from Au+Au collisions at GeV
We report results on the ratio of mid-rapidity anti-proton to proton yields
in Au+Au collisions at \rts = 130 GeV per nucleon pair as measured by the
STAR experiment at RHIC. Within the rapidity and transverse momentum range of
and 0.4 1.0 GeV/, the ratio is essentially independent of
either transverse momentum or rapidity, with an average of for minimum bias collisions. Within errors, no
strong centrality dependence is observed. The results indicate that at this
RHIC energy, although the -\pb pair production becomes important at
mid-rapidity, a significant excess of baryons over anti-baryons is still
present.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted by Phys. Rev. Let
Strange anti-particle to particle ratios at mid-rapidity in sqrt(s_NN)= 130 GeV Au+Au Collisions
Values of the ratios in the mid-rapidity yields of anti-Lambda/Lambda = 0.71
+/- 0.01(stat.) +/- 0.04(sys.), anti-Xi+/Xi- = 0.83 +/- 0.04(stat.) +/- 0.05
(sys.), anti-Omega+/Omega- = 0.95 +/- 0.15(stat) +/- 0.05(sys.) and K+/K- 1.092
+/- 0.023(combined) were obtained in central sqrt(s_NN) = 130 GeV Au+Au
collisions using the STAR detector. The ratios indicate that a fraction of the
net-baryon number from the initial system is present in the excess of hyperons
over anti-hyperons at mid-rapidity. The trend in the progression of the baryon
ratios, with increasing strange quark content, is similar to that observed in
heavy-ion collisions at lower energies. The value of these ratios may be
related to the charged kaon ratio in the framework of simple quark-counting and
thermal models.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, revtex4, now accepted by Physics Letters B. All
figures improved for clarity, fig. 2 now has kaon ratio separated by
technique, fig. 3 now has additional other RHIC data points. Minor
clarifications in text in response to referee comments. Updated ref
ρ\u3csup\u3e0\u3c/sup\u3e production and possible modification in Au + Au and p + p collisions at √s\u3csub\u3eNN\u3c/sub\u3e = 200 GeV
We report results on ρ(770)0→π+π− production at midrapidity in p+p and peripheral Au+Au collisions at √sNN=200 GeV. This is the first direct measurement of ρ(770)0→π+π− in heavy-ion collisions. The measured ρ0 peak in the invariant mass distribution is shifted by ∼40 MeV/c2 in minimum bias p+p interactions and ∼70 MeV/c2 in peripheral Au+Au collisions. The ρ0 mass shift is dependent on transverse momentum and multiplicity. The modification of the ρ0 meson mass, width, and shape due to phase space and dynamical effects are discussed
Event-wise ⟨p\u3csub\u3et\u3c/sub\u3e⟩ fluctuations in Au-Au collisions at √s\u3csub\u3eNN\u3c/sub\u3e = 130 GeV
We present the first large-acceptance measurement of event-wise mean transverse momentum ⟨pt⟩ fluctuations for Au-Au collisions at nucleon-nucleon center-of-momentum collision energy √sNN = 130 GeV. The observed nonstatistical ⟨pt⟩ fluctuations substantially exceed in magnitude fluctuations expected from the finite number of particles produced in a typical collision. The r.m.s. fractional width excess of the event-wise ⟨pt⟩ distribution is 13.7±0.1(stat) ±1.3(syst)% relative to a statistical reference, for the 15% most-central collisions and for charged hadrons within pseudorapidity range |η|c. The width excess varies smoothly but nonmonotonically with collision centrality and does not display rapid changes with centrality which might indicate the presence of critical fluctuations. The reported ⟨pt⟩ fluctuation excess is qualitatively larger than those observed at lower energies and differs markedly from theoretical expectations. Contributions to ⟨pt⟩ fluctuations from semihard parton scattering in the initial state and dissipation in the bulk colored medium are discussed
Distributions of Charged Hadrons Associated with High Transverse Momentum Particles in pp and Au+Au Collisions at √s\u3csub\u3eNN\u3c/sub\u3e = 200 GeV
Charged hadrons in 0.15⊥\u3c4 GeV/c associated with particles of ptrig⊥\u3e4 GeV/c are reconstructed in pp and Au+Au collisions at √sNN=200 GeV. The associated multiplicity and p⊥magnitude sum are found to increase from pp to central Au+Au collisions. The associated p⊥distributions, while similar in shape on the nearside, are significantly softened on the awayside in central Au+Au relative to pp and not much harder than that of inclusive hadrons. The results, consistent with jet quenching, suggest that the awayside fragments approach equilibration with the medium traversed
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