La représentation de la population des îles Canaries dans les récits de voyage

La reproduction du monde dans le récit de voyage s’est opérée par le langage mais aussi par le canal de l’image. Si dans un premier moment son importance reste limitée, bientôt de nombreux récits donnent à voir les peuples du monde ainsi que les gestes des découvreurs. En effet, à côté des vues de villes, des reproductions de curiosités naturelles et de monuments, la représentation de l’homme occupe une place de plus en plus importante, car elle apporte un supplément d’information et sert à interpréter le texte.Les expéditions scientifiques du XVIIIe siècle comptent parmi leurs membres des dessinateurs reconnus qui, suivant les instructions rédigées pour ce type de campagnes, sont requis pour effectuer des dessins botaniques et zoologiques mais aussi ethnographiques.L’escale aux Canaries au commencement du voyage constitue la première occasion pour l’artiste de représenter des étrangers dans leur milieu naturel. Les dessins de Louis Feuillée mais surtout ceux de Nicolas-Martin Petit et Charles-Alexandre Lesueur, qui illustrent le livre de bord de Nicolas Baudin, commandant de l’expédition aux Terres Australes, montrent des images prises sur le vif, saisies au quotidien où l’absence de tout décor rehausse le discours ethnographique du voyageur.Notre travail porte sur l’analyse des conditions dans lesquelles ont été représentés les habitants des Îles Canaries. Une attention particulière sera portée au regard sur la population de l’Archipel construit à partir de l’observation directe mais aussi d’une idée préétablie de la société insulaire.Depiction of the world in travel writing is achieved by means of both language and image. Although visual elements in travel writing were initially of lesser importance, they later came to figure prominently in numerous texts describing both the world’s peoples and the achievements of their discoverers. In fact, aside from images of towns, of natural curiosities and monuments, the depiction of human beings comes to gain greater and greater prominence as it both supplements the written text and provides a means of interpreting that text.In the 18th century, scientific expeditions included well-known illustrators who, in keeping with written instructions for these journeys, were to produce botanical, zoological and ethnographic illustrations.The first port of call in the Canary Islands gave the artist a first opportunity to depict foreign peoples in their natural environment. Examples of this are the drawings of Louis Feuillée and those of Nicolas-Martin Petit and Charles-Alexandre Lesueur. The latter illustrated the ship’s log during Nicolas Boudin’s southern expedition, creating vivid, unframed snapshots of daily life that contribute to the ethnographic discourse of the traveler.Our study analyses the living conditions of the inhabitants of the Canary Islands as depicted in those illustrations, with a particular focus on the results of direct observation as well as pre-established notions of island society

Actualización en el diagnóstico y terapéutica en hipertensión pulmonar arterial

Indexación: ScieloResumen: Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension includes a heterogeneous group of disorders with a common genetic, pathological and hemodinamyc origin. It is characterized by a high pulmonary artery pressure due to a primary vascular disease, as a consequence of genetic and environmental factors. The common pathway is a vascular imbalance towards vasoconstriction and proliferation inside the small vessels. According to the World Health Organization, 2003, Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension is classified as idiopathic, familiar or associated to connective tissue diseases, HIV, drugs, porto-pulmonary hypertension, congenital intracardiac shunts and others. The diagnosis is based in hemodynamics. Echocardiogram is a non invasive and right ventricular catheterization is an invasive diagnostic tool. Follow up is based on a clinical and functional assessment through functional class classification, dyspnea scores and 6-minute walking test. The prognosis is historically devastating but new therapies are changing the natural history of the disease. New treatments have demonstrated improvement in symptoms, hemodynamic profiles and survival. Intravenous, subcutaneous or inhaled prostanoids such as Epoprostenol, Treprostinil or Iloprost respectively have been approved for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension treatment as well as oral endothelial receptor blockers. They are all considered first line treatments for arterial pulmonary hypertensive patients with even better benefits than lung transplantation. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (Sildenafil), have been recently approved for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-98872006000700015&nrm=is

Desafíos de una evangelización inculturada entre los jóvenes

La evangelización de los jóvenes es uno de los núcleos centrales del diálogo fe-cultura, aunque ciertamente uno de los más complejos. La evangelización supone la salida al encuentro con el otro para posibilitar el diálogo, el clima de mutua comprensión y valoración, que permite la propuesta en libertad de lo mejor que uno mismo es y vive. Este encuentro con la juventud ayuda a que la Iglesia viva dinámicamente su encarnación en medio de la historia humana, dentro de un proceso continuo de conversión al evangelio puesto que la relación con el otro diferente le fuerza a distinguir lo esencial del ropaje cultura, al mismo tiempo que le permite descubrir otras posibilidades de encarnación cultural del evangelio desde nuevas sensibilidades. En los jóvenes aparecen, aunque sea en germen y de forma fragmentada, las nuevas formas culturales que va a tener la sociedad en el futuro próximo. Si este diálogo se rompe se corre el peligro de quedarnos con modelos culturalmente caducos de vivir el evangelio

Relación Iglesia Mundo en las experiencias de las primeras comunidades cristianas

En este escrito pretendemos iluminar esta temática, refiriéndonos a la experiencia que tuvieron las primeras comunidades cristianas en su encuentro con el mundo. Partiremos ubicando el significado de la relación Iglesia-mundo desde la perspectiva de la tarea evangelizadora de la Iglesia, para posteriormente adentrarnos en las diversas formas cómo las primeras comunidades cristianas se plantearon su relación con el mundo y las consecuencias que tuvieron estos planteamientos

Phylogenetic analyses of typical bovine rotavirus genotypes G6, G10, P[5] and P[11] circulating in Argentinean beef and dairy herds

Group A rotavirus (RVA) is one of the main causes of neonatal calf diarrhea worldwide. RVA strains affecting Argentinean cattle mainly possess combinations of the G6, G10, P[5] and P[11] genotypes. To determine RVA diversity among Argentinean cattle, representative bovine RVA strains detected in diarrheic calves were selected from a survey conducted during 1997–2009. The survey covered the main livestock regions of the country from dairy and beef herds. Different phylogenetic approaches were used to investigate the genetic evolution of RVA strains belonging to the prevalent genotypes. The nucleotide phylogenetic tree showed that all genotypes studied could be divided into several lineages. Argentinean bovine RVA strains were distributed across multiple lineages and most of them were distinct from the lineage containing the vaccine strains. Only the aminoacid phylogenetic tree of G6 RVA strains maintained the same lineages as observed at the nucleotide level, whereas a different clustering pattern was observed for the aminoacid phylogenetic trees of G10, P[5] and P[11] suggesting that the strains are more closely related at the aminoacid level than G6 strains. Association between P[5] and G6(IV), prevalent in beef herd, and between P[11] and G6(III) or G10 (VI and V), prevalent in dairy herds, were found. In addition, Argentinean G6(III), G10, P[5] and P[11] bovine RVA strains grouped together with human strains, highlighting their potential for zoonotic transmission. Phylogenetic studies of RVA circulating in animals raised for consumption and in close contact with humans, such as cattle, contribute to a better understanding of the epidemiology of the RVA infection and evolution.Fil: Badaracco, Alejandra. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Virología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Garaicoechea, Lorena Laura. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Virología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Matthijnssens, J.. University of Leuven. Rega Institute for Medical Research; BélgicaFil: Louge Uriarte, Enrique Leopoldo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Área de Investigación en Producción y Sanidad Animal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Odeón, Anselmo Carlos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Área de Investigación en Producción y Sanidad Animal; ArgentinaFil: Bilbao, Gladys Noemí. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez, Fernando. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Virología; ArgentinaFil: Parra, G. I.. National Institutes of Health; Estados UnidosFil: Parreño, Gladys Viviana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Virología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

La narración del inicio y final de la expedición en los relatos de viaje franceses del siglo XIX

En el siglo XIX emprender un largo viaje por mar conlleva peligros considerables. Mientras que su inicio es siempre vivido con una mezcla de angustia, miedo y felicidad, el regreso supone haber sobrevivido al hambre, la enfermedad y la muerte. A partir de un conjunto de relatos franceses de viaje del siglo XIX nos proponemos analizar las diferentes maneras de relatar dos momentos clave del viaje: el inicio y el regreso. Podremos constatar que algunos autores optan por aportar detalles de las circunstancias e informaciones personales y otros se limitan a ofrecer unas rápidas referencias poniendo, así, de manifiesto su forma de entender la escritura del viaje

Caracterización clínica, funcional y hemodinámica de la población con hipertensión pulmonar arterial evaluada en el Instituto Nacional del Tórax

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension is a rare, progressive and devastating disease with severe consequences in quality of life and survival. Aim: A clinical, functional and hemodynamic assessment of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and categorization according to severity. Material and methods: Prospective registry of patients with arterial pulmonary hypertension, hemodynamically defined. Clinical evaluation was performed using World Health Organization functional score (I to IV) and Borg dyspnea scale. Six minute walking test, echocardiography and right heart catheterization were used for functional and hemodynamic assessment. Intravenous Adenosine was used to assess vascular reactivity during the hemodynamic evaluation. Results: Twenty nine patients were included (25 women, age range 16-72 years). Pulmonary hypertension was idiopathic in 11, associated to connective tissue disease in seven, associated to congenital heart disease in nine and associated to chronic thromboembolism in two. The mean lapse of symptoms before assessment was 2.9 years and 100% had dyspnea (Borg 5.1). Functional class I, II, III and IV was observed in 0, 5, 21 and 3 patients respectively. Six minutes walking test was 378±113 m. Mean pulmonary pressure was 59.4±12.2 mmHg, cardiac index was 2.57±0.88 and pulmonary vascular resistance index: 1798.4±855 (dyne.sec)/cm5. Nine patients had a mean pulmonary arterial pressure >55 mmHg and a cardiac index <2.1, considered as bad prognosis criteria. Adenosine test was positive in 17%. Conclusions: This group of patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension was mainly conformed by young females, with a moderate to severe disease.http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-98872006000500007&nrm=is