Gender Discriminatory Practices in Organisations – Need for Social Work Intervention – A Conceptual Study

Gender inequality has been a historic worldwide phenomenon, a patriarchal invention based on gender assumptions, rooted in culture and gender norms, which promotes subordination and exploitation of woman. This shameful practice of discrimination against women is prevalent everywhere in the world and more so in Indian society. The real enemies behind gender stereotypes are ignorance, intolerance, and stagnant societies that resist change. Presence of gender disparities has been evidenced by many Global as well as national Indexes. According to UNDP’s Gender Inequality Index-2014, India ranks at 127out of 152 countries in the list, just above Afghanistan as far as SAARC countries are concerned.Woman faces discrimination at both home and workplace. Gender discrimination at workplace is an issue of serious concern, as it leads to gender segregation in the workplace in terms of benefits, hours, leave, wages, opportunities and promotions, etc.According to India’s National Sample Survey, the proportion of working women in urban areas has increased from 11.9% in 2001 to 15.4% in 2011. But even in this, the fastest growing proportion is that of domestic housework. In The distribution of worker by Occupations and Gender in India 2011-12 survey, it was noticed that while 9.15% men were working in the positions of directors and chief executives, only 5.08% women were involved in the same.Achieving gender equality is important for workplaces not only because it is 'fair' and 'the right thing to do', but because it is also linked to a country's overall economic and social progress. This study aims at understanding the gender discrimination which exists at different levels and in different kinds at workplaces and conceptualizing effective social work intervention techniques and ideas to decrease the intensity of the problem.

1-(2-Hy­droxy-5-methyl­phen­yl)-3-(2-methyl­phen­yl)prop-2-en-1-one

In the title compound, C17H16O2, the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 5.12 (13)° and an intra­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond generates an S(6) ring

Isolation and characterization of a 29-kDa glycoprotein with antifungal activity from bulbs of Urginea indica

In this study an antifungal protein from Urginea indica bulbs was purified to homogeneity by acid precipitation, Diol 300 Gel-filtration, and C 18 reverse phase HPLC. Its molecular mass was estimated to be 29kDa and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining showed that identified antifungal molecule is a glycoprotein. The neutralization of antifungal activity after periodate oxidation of 29kDa glycoprotein suggests that the glycan part of the molecule appears to be involved in antifungal activity. N-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified protein was determined as SQLKAXIXDF. This sequence had no sequence similarity with any antifungal proteins. A polyclonal antiserum was raised against purified protein and used in immunolocalization analysis. Results suggest that it is localized to the cell wall of the bulb. Antifungal tests have demonstrated that U. indica protein exerts a fungistatic effect. It completely inhibits the germination of spores and hyphal growth of Fusarium oxysporum. © 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

1-(2-Hy­droxy-4-meth­oxy­phen­yl)-3-(4-methyl­phen­yl)prop-2-en-1-one

The mol­ecule of the title compound, C17H16O3, exists in the E conformation with respect to the central C=C bond, is almost planar(r.m.s. deviation = 0.003 Å) and has an intra­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond, which generates an S(6) ring. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by C—H⋯O inter­actions

Spatial variability of water quality in the upstream Bhadra river, tributary of river Tungabhadra, in the Western Ghats of India: Application of multivariate statistical techniques

649-664Water quality of river water examined at 23 stations in the upstream of Bhadra River basin from Kudrekmukh National Park (KNP) to Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary (BWS) in India. Spatial cluster analysis performed on 23 sampling stations revealed three clusters depending on the similarities in the water quality variables that could delineate the number of sampling stations required for optimal sampling. Sample cluster analysis classified the 24 environmental variables in the data set into seven clusters depending on the similarities in the water quality variables. Principal component analysis of water produced 7 components, which accounted for 88.15 % of total variance. Factor analysis was performed on principal components extracted seven variance factors (VFs) after rotation with all VFs having eigenvectors of high (> 0.70) and moderate (> 0.50) loadings. The VF 1 accounted for 37.93 % of total variance with 9 eigenvectors (loading > 0.70) such as conductivity, total alkalinity, total hardness, Ca, Mg, Na, K, chloride and silicate. On total eigenvectors generated on 24 water quality data sets of river water were classified into four types viz. safe (normal), low polluted, medium polluted and highly polluted waters with corresponding total eigenvectors of 0.50 - 1.00 - 1.50, respectively. Total factor score produced for 23 sampling stations revealed a total of five types of sampling stations with safe, low, medium, high and very high levels of pollution with corresponding total factor scores of less than zero ( 0.0 - 1.50 - 3.00 - 4.50), respectively

1-(2-Hydr­oxy-5-methyl­phen­yl)-3-(3-methylthiophen-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one

In the structure of the title compound, C15H14O2S, the benzene ring is nearly coplanar with the thio­phene ring. The hydroxy group substituted at C2 position is in an antiperi­planar conformation with respect to the phenyl ring. The crystal structure exhibits weak intramolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonding

Statistical models to identify significant crop-logging parameters influencing crop-yield across various growth stages in brinjal (Solanum melongena)

Crop-logging models developed showed that brinjal (Solamun melogena L.) crop yield could be predicted well in advance as early as 26 DAP using three biometrical traits (plant height, plant girth and plant spread north south ) to an extent of 71 %. As the DAP increases prediction of yield could be possible to an extent of 88%. Identification and removal of outliers in data set increased the prediction of models in the range of 31%, 33%, 34 and 8% respectively across four crop growth stages

Safety of Levetiracetam in paediatrics: a systematic review

Objective To identify adverse events (AEs) associated with Levetiracetam (LEV) in children. Methods Databases EMBASE (1974-February 2015) and Medline (1946-February 2015) were searched for articles in which paediatric patients (≤18 years) received LEV treatment for epilepsy. All studies with reports on safety were included. Studies involving adults, mixed age population (i.e. children and adults) in which the paediatric subpopulation was not sufficiently described, were excluded. A meta-analysis of the RCTs was carried out and association between the commonly reported AEs or treatment discontinuation and the type of regimen (polytherapy or monotherapy) was determined using Chi2 analysis. Results Sixty seven articles involving 3,174 paediatric patients were identified. A total of 1,913 AEs were reported across studies. The most common AEs were behavioural problems and somnolence, which accounted for 10.9% and 8.4% of all AEs in prospective studies. 21 prospective studies involving 1120 children stated the number of children experiencing AEs. 47% of these children experienced AEs. Significantly more children experienced AEs with polytherapy (64%) than monotherapy (22%) (p<0.001). Levetiracetam was discontinued in 4.5% of all children on polytherapy and 0.9% on monotherapy (p<0.001), the majority were due to behavioural problems. Conclusion Behavioural problems and somnolence were the most prevalent adverse events to LEV and the most common causes of treatment discontinuation. Children on polytherapy have a greater risk of adverse events than those receiving monotherapy