Socializaci?n de diferentes textos para la producci?n escrita en los estudiantes del grado octavo del Colegio San Paulo de Tocancipa S.A.S

104 p. Recurso Electr?nicoEste proyecto de investigaci?n presenta una propuesta did?ctica dirigida (a manejar la producci?n escrita de los estudiantes) que se desarroll? en el grado octavo de educaci?n secundaria en el Colegio San Paulo Tocancip? S.A.S, el cual se encuentra ubicado en Tocancip? (Cundinamarca). La necesidad de plantear y desarrollar este taller de escritura surge como resultado de las experiencias de las de los estudiantes al producir un texto en las diferentes actividades de sensibilizaci?n que realizamos como (leer un cuento y luego plasmar la idea de lo recuerdan del cuento.). Esto nos permiti? centrarnos en lo referente a la ausencia de h?bitos de escritura que presentan los estudiantes al estar expuestos a actividades rutinarias y repetitivas que vinculan el manejo de la lengua escrita. Teniendo en cuenta las necesidades de los estudiantes de grado octavo se procede a dise?ar y aplicar una propuesta pedag?gica que busque fortalecer el proceso de escritura de los estudiantes, de tal forma que en este ejercicio partamos de sus gustos e intereses, generando procesos de escritura libres y espont?neos mediados por su imaginaci?n, lo cual a su vez nos permiti? producir una amplia gama de textos, sin tener en cuenta la su naturaleza del mismo para ello utilizamos: cuentos, recetas, carta, micro relato, autobiograf?a entre otros. Que, a lo largo del proceso de investigaci?n, se pudo evidenciar que cambios surgen en la estructura de cada uno de los procesos que desarrollar?amos como: el pensamiento, la asociaci?n, el reconocimiento, la categorizaci?n, la segmentaci?n entre otros.This research project presents a didactic proposal directed (a maneuver of the written production of the students) that was developed in the eighth grade of the secondary education in the School San Pablo Tocancip? S.A.S, which is located in Tocancip? (Cundinamarca). The need to raise and develop this higher writing arises as a result of the students' experiences to produce a text in the various sensitization activities that are performed as (read a story and then translate the idea of the memory of the story). This allowed us to focus on the absence of writing habits that introduce students to being exposed to the routine and repetitive activities that link the management of written language. Taking into account the needs of eighth grade students in the process of designing and applying a pedagogical proposal that seeks to strengthen the writing process of students, so that in this exercise partial of their tastes and interests, generating processes of Free writing And spontaneous mediated by his imagination, which in turn allowed us to produce a wide range of texts, without taking into account the nature of the same used for it: stories, recipes, letter, micro story, autobiography among others. Throughout the research process, it was possible to show that changes arise in the structure of each of the processes that are achieved as: thought, association, recognition, categorization, segmentation among others. Keywords: writing, activities, texts, tools, stories, essay writing, grammar rules

La motivaci?n como elemento fundamental en los procesos de ense?anza y aprendizaje de los ni?os y ni?as del nivel transici?n de la instituci?n educativa San Francisco

53 p. Recurso Electr?nicoEl proyecto titulado la motivaci?n como elemento fundamental en los procesos de ense?anza y aprendizaje de los ni?os y ni?as del nivel transici?n de la Instituci?n Educativa San Francisco Sede Cural La Tigrera, ha sido realizado con el objetivo de Identificar la relaci?n entre familia y escuela como agentes motivacionales en los procesos de ense?anza y aprendizaje de los ni?os y ni?as del nivel de transici?n de la Instituci?n Educativa San Francisco Sede Cural la tigrera, la idea es establecer posibles soluciones a esta problem?tica identificada, ya que la misma est? generando en los educandos diferentes dificultades en sus procesos de ense?anza y aprendizaje, con ello se pretende lograr sacar las conclusiones de dichos comportamientos y realizar algunas recomendaciones que den pie para un mejoramiento en cuando a la integraci?n entre familia y escuela, permita el mejor desempe?o del estudiante en todos los aspectos de su labor estudiantil y la responsabilidad compartida entre familia y escuela, todo ello a trav?s de las encuestas y entrevistas informales realizadas a padres de familia y docentes de la instituci?n. De esta manera, se logr? identificar, causas, consecuencias, y caracter?sticas, las cuales permitieron favorecer la motivaci?n hacia el aprendizaje. El proyecto concluye con un an?lisis de resultados y diferentes recomendaciones que pretenden dar posibles alternativas de soluci?n a la problem?tica identificada, que permitan crear un ambiente favorable para la motivaci?n y el aprendizaje de los infantes, desde sus intereses y necesidades. Partiendo de la importancia de la motivaci?n en los procesos de ense?anza y aprendizaje y del compromiso entre familia y escuela para generar procesos integrales en los ni?os y ni?as del nivel transici?n de la Instituci?n Educativa San Francisco Sede Cural La Tigrera. Palabras claves: aprendizaje, motivaci?n, ense?anza, l?dica, integraci?n, comunidad educativa.The project entitled Motivation as a fundamental element in the teaching and learning processes of children at the transition level of the Educational Institution San Francisco Cural La Tigrera Headquarters, has been carried out with the aim of Identifying the relationship between family and school as motivational agents in the teaching and learning processes of children in the transition level of the San Francisco Educational Institution Cural la tigrera Headquarters, the idea is to establish possible solutions to this identified problem, since it is generating in the different students difficulties in their teaching and learning processes, with the aim of achieving the conclusions of these behaviors and make some recommendations that lead to an improvement in when the integration between family and school, allows the best performance of the student in all aspects of their student work and responsibility with between family and school, all through informal surveys and interviews with parents and teachers of the institution. In this way, it was possible to identify, causes, consequences, and characteristics, which allowed to favor the motivation towards learning. The project concludes with an analysis of results and different recommendations that seek to provide possible solutions to the problem identified, to create a favorable environment for the motivation and learning of the infants, from their interests and needs. Starting from the importance of motivation in the teaching and learning processes and the commitment between family and school to generate integral processes in the children of transition level of the Educational Institution San Francisco Cural La Tigrera Headquarters. Keywords: learning, motivation, teaching, playfulness, integration, educational community

Factores asociados a la insuficiencia renal aguda en pacientes hospitalizados en la unidad de cuidados intensivos de la Cl?nica Ibagu? del 1 de mayo de 2016 al 31 de octubre del 2017

68 p. Recurso Electr?nicoLa insuficiencia renal aguda es una complicaci?n frecuente en los pacientes cr?ticos, siendo una causa importante de morbimortalidad. Objetivo: Establecer la asociaci?n entre factores socio demogr?fico y cl?nico con la insuficiencia renal aguda en pacientes hospitalizados en la Unidad De Cuidados Intensivos de la cl?nica Ibagu? en el periodo comprendido entre el 1 Mayo de 2016 al 31 de Octubre del 2017. Dise?o y m?todos: Se realiz? un estudio Epidemiol?gico Observacional, Anal?tico de Casos y Controles de tipo retrospectivo; se obtuvo informaci?n de fuentes secundarias como las historias cl?nicas de los pacientes Hospitalizados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de la Cl?nica Ibagu? en el periodo comprendido entre el 1 de Mayo de 2016 al 31 de Octubre del 2017. Resultados: Se identific? que la administraci?n de soluci?n salina en las primeras 24 horas de ingreso, increment? la oportunidad de insuficiencia renal aguda 1.8 veces con respecto a los pacientes que se les administr? lactato de ringer (OR=1,8 IC (95% OR: 1.2-2.8), as? mismo se observ? que la oportunidad de insuficiencia renal en los pacientes que ten?an entre 54.1 y 62.1 a?os fue de 2.5 veces con respecto a aquellos pacientes que ten?an entre 62.2 y 93 a?os (OR=2.5 IC(95% OR 1.4-2.4). En los pacientes que ten?an como m?ximo 54 a?os, el riesgo de la insuficiencia renal se increment? 1.6 veces con respecto a los pacientes que ten?an entre 62.2 y 93 a?os y estas diferencias no fueron significativas (p=0.174). Conclusi?n: se puede concluir que al analizar mediante el modelo de regresi?n log?stica planteado, la administraci?n de soluci?n salina a los pacientes en las primeras 24 horas de ingreso increment? la oportunidad de insuficiencia renal aguda 1.8 veces con respecto a los que se les administr? lactato ringer (OR=1,8 IC (95% OR: 1.2-2.8), lo que indica que el lactato ringer es un factor protector en el desarrollo de la insuficiencia renal aguda en pacientes hospitalizados en unidad de cuidados intensivos Palabras clave: casos y controles, insuficiencia renal aguda, Lactato Ringer.Acute renal failure is a frequent complication in critical patients, being an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Objective: To establish the association between sociodemographic and clinical factors with acute renal failure in patients hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit of the Ibagu? clinic in the period from May 1, 2016 to October 31, 2017. Design and methods: An observational, analytical, analytical study of cases and controls of a retrospective type was carried out; Information was obtained from secondary sources such as the medical records of the patients Hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit of the Ibagu? Clinic in the period from May 1, 2016 to October 31, 2017. Results: It was identified that the administration of saline in the first 24 hours of admission, increased the chance of acute renal failure 1.8 times with respect to the patients who were administered ringer's lactate (OR = 1.8 IC (95% OR : 1.2-2.8), likewise it was observed that the chance of renal failure in patients who were between 54.1 and 62.1 years old was 2.5 times compared to those patients who were between 62.2 and 93 years old (OR = 2.5 CI (95% OR 1.4-2.4). In patients who were 54 years of age or older, the risk of renal failure increased 1.6 times with respect to patients who were between 62.2 and 93 years old and these differences were not significant (p = 0.174). Conclusion: it can be concluded that when analyzing using the logistic regression model proposed, the administration of saline to the patients in the first 24 hours of admission, increased the chance of acute renal failure 1.8 times compared to those administered ringer's lactate (OR = 1.8 CI (95% OR: 1.2-2.8), indicating that ringer lactate is a protective factor in the development of acute renal failure in patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit Keywords: cases and controls, acute renal failure, ringer's lactat

Increased urinary markers of kidney damage in the institutionalized frail elderly due to recurrent urinary tract infections.

Objective: To characterize the impact on kidney injury of recurrent urinary tract infections (RUTI) in the frail elderly. Methods: Prospective observational study in 200 frail elderly subjects for 1 year. Groups: GA (n = 100): subjects without RUTI, GB (n = 100): subjects with RUTI. Variables: age, concomitant diseases, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) at the beginning (NGAL-1) and end (NGAL-2) of the study, urine N-acetyl glucosaminidase (NAG) at the beginning (NAG-1) and the end (NAG-2) of the study, urine transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFbeta-1). Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney test, Chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, and multivariate analysis were used. Results: Mean age was 84.33 (65-99) years old, with no difference between GA and GB. Mean NGAL-1 was 1.29 ng/ml (0.04-8). There was lower in GA than in GB. Mean NGAL-2 was 1.41 ng/ml (0.02-9.22). NGAL-2 was lower in GA than in GB. Mean NAG-1 was 0.38 UU.II/ml (0.01-2.63. NAG-1 in GA was lower than in GB. Mean NAG-2 was 0.44 UU.II/ml (0-3.41). NAG-2 was lower in GA compared with GB. Mean TGFbeta-1 was 23.43 pg/ml (0.02-103.76). TGFbeta-1 was lower in GA than GB. There were no differences in the presence of secondary diagnoses between GA and GB. NAG-2 and NGAL-1 were the most determining factors of renal function; in GA it was NGAL-2, followed by NAG-1; in GB it was NGAL-1, followed by NAG-2. Conclusion: Frail elderly with RUTI have higher urinary levels of renal injury markers, specifically NGAL, NAG, and TGFbeta-1, chronically in periods between urinary tract infection (UTI). Urinary markers of renal injury, specifically NGAL, NAG, and TGFbeta-1, identify early deterioration of renal function, compared with serum creatinine, or albuminuria, in frail elderly with recurrent urinary infections

Ultrafast Thermalization Pathways of Excited Bulk and Surface States in the Ferroelectric Rashba Semiconductor GeTe

A large Rashba effect is essential for future applications in spintronics. Particularly attractive is understanding and controlling nonequilibrium properties of ferroelectric Rashba semiconductors. Here, time and angle resolved photoemission is utilized to access the ultrafast dynamics of bulk and surface transient Rashba states after femtosecond optical excitation of GeTe. A complex thermalization pathway is observed, wherein three different timescales can be clearly distinguished intraband thermalization, interband equilibration, and electronic cooling. These dynamics exhibit an unconventional temperature dependence while the cooling phase speeds up with increasing sample temperature, the opposite happens for interband thermalization. It is demonstrated how, due to the Rashba effect, an interdependence of these timescales on the relative strength of both electron electron and electron phonon interactions is responsible for the counterintuitive temperature dependence, with spin selection constrained interband electron electron scatterings found both to dominate dynamics away from the Fermi level, and to weaken with increasing temperature. These findings are supported by theoretical calculations within the Boltzmann approach explicitly showing the opposite behavior of all relevant electron electron and electron phonon scattering channels with temperature, thus confirming the microscopic mechanism of the experimental findings. The present results are important for future applications of ferroelectric Rashba semiconductors and their excitations in ultrafast spintronic

Plan de negocio para un nuevo canal de ventas para el sector retail mediante el uso de c?digos QR en estaciones de transporte masivo en Lima

Se ha identificado una oportunidad de negocio que permitir?a satisfacer la necesidad de abastecerse de productos para el consumo sin invertir mayor tiempo en ello, adem?s de realizar las compras en tiempos improductivos del consumidor, tiempos aproximados a 10 minutos en los que un ciudadano espera en un paradero de transporte p?blico. La oportunidad de negocio plantea redirigir los esfuerzos publicitarios de los supermercados hacia canales que rentabilicen efectivamente esta inversi?n y sea medible con el incremento de compras para el supermercado. Esta oportunidad de negocio correlaciona los siguientes aspectos: Supermercados interesados en mayor penetraci?n en los canales electr?nicos, poblaci?n familiarizada con el uso de aplicaciones m?viles, tecnolog?a existente innovadora en el rubro de canales electr?nicos e inter?s por el desarrollo de nuevas Start Ups en el Per?

Master equations for effective Hamiltonians

We reelaborate on a general method for obtaining effective Hamiltonians that describe different nonlinear optical processes. The method exploits the existence of a nonlinear deformation of the su(2) algebra that arises as the dynamical symmetry of the original model. When some physical parameter (usually related to the dispersive limit) becomes small, we immediately get a diagonal effective Hamiltonian that represents correctly the dynamics for arbitrary states and long times. We apply the same technique to obtain how the noise terms in the original model transform under this scheme, providing a systematic way of including damping effects in processes described in terms of effective Hamiltonians.Comment: 10 pages, no figure

Nanostructural origin of giant Rashba effect in intercalated graphene

To enhance the spin orbit interaction in graphene by a proximity effect without compromising the quasi free standing dispersion of the Dirac cones means balancing the opposing demands for strong and weak graphene substrate interaction. So far, only the intercalation of Au under graphene Ni 1 1 1 has proven successful, which was unexpected since graphene prefers a large separation amp; 8764;3.3 A from a Au monolayer in equilibrium. Here, we investigate this system and find the solution in a nanoscale effect. We reveal that the Au largely intercalates as nanoclusters. Our density functional theory calculations show that the graphene is periodically stapled to the Ni substrate, and this attraction presses graphene and Au nanoclusters together. This, in turn, causes a Rashba effect of the giant magnitude observed in experiment. Our findings show that nanopatterning of the substrate can be efficiently used for engineering of spin orbit effects in graphen