Fatal necrotizing pneumonia caused by group A streptococcus

Group A streptococcus (GAS) causes invasive, non-invasive and non-suppurative diseases. Pneumonia is one of the invasive infections caused by GAS. Although GAS is a significant and serious cause of childhood pneumonia, it is often overlooked clinically. Similarly, the recent literature is surprisingly scant on reports of GAS pneumonia and concentrates mainly on varicella-associated invasive GAS diseases. In this case report, we present a previously healthy 7-year-old child with community-acquired pneumonia that progressed rapidly and resulted in sepsis, respiratory failure and death. In both blood and pleural fluid cultures, Streptococcus pyogenes were isolated. On autopsy, macroscopic examination revealed that the lung tissue appeared to have lost its normal architecture. Necrosis was present and the lung had a spongy appearance with some solid areas. The light microscopy revealed massive oedema, haemorrhages, intense inflammatory cell infiltration and necrosis. This case report highlights the need for consideration of invasive GAS infection in the event of severe, rapidly progressing pneumonia in children

The role of the adhesion molecule Nectin-4 in the pathogenesis of endometriosis

GUCER, HASAN/0000-0002-9122-379XWOS: 000376471700037PubMed: 27328518Objective: Nectins are immunoglobulin-like adhesion molecules, and they play important role in cell proliferation and tumor metastasis. the objective in this study was to compare the expression of Nectin-4 in normal endometrium and in ectopic endometriotic tissues. Materials and Methods: Nectin-4 expression was investigated in ovarian endometriosis (n=20), peritoneal endometriosis (n=20), endometrium of endometriosis (n=20), and in a control group (having no endometriosis) (n=20) by immunohistochemical method. Results: Nectin-4 expression, when compared with control group, was higher in endometriotic lesions of patients having ovarian endometriosis and peritoneal endometriosis (p = 0.003 andp = 0.009, respectively). This difference was significant in the endometrium of patients having endometriosis (p = 0.011). Conclusion: the authors believe that Nectin-4 molecule may contribute to the pathogenesis of endometriosis. For this reason, the use of medicines developed against this molecule in the treatment of endometriosis may be useful.Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Scientific Research Support FundThis study has received financial support from Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Scientific Research Support Fund

Serum human epididymis protein 4 can be a useful tumor marker in the differential diagnosis of adnexal masses during pregnancy: a pilot study

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate serum concentrations of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) and cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) in healthy women and their pregnant counterparts to determine the influence of pregnancy on these biomarkers. Materials and Methods: Serum concentrations of CA 125 and HE4 were measured in 27 healthy non-pregnant women and 26 healthy pregnant women in the first and second trimesters. Results: Higher concentration of CA 125 was found in pregnants than in non-pregnant women (p = 0.002). There was no difference in CA 125 concentrations between first and second trimesters (p = 0.13). Serum HE4 concentration was not different in pregnant group compared to non-pregnant women (p = 0.510). Likewise, no difference was found in HE4 levels between the trimesters (p = 0.485). There was a positive correlation between increasing parity and CA 125 (p = 0.023), but not HE4 (p = 1.0). Conclusion: 11E4 serum biomarker is unaffected by pregnancy status and may be useful for evaluation of doubtful pelvic masses in pregnancy. Contrarily, increased serum levels of CA 125 could yield increased number of false-positiv

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Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features (NIFTP)

none2noNoninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) is an encapsulated or well-circumscribed, follicularpatterned tumor composed of well-differentiated cells with papillary carcinoma (PTC)-type nuclear alterations that are well- or partially developed in which invasion (of the tumor capsule, or vascular invasion) has been excluded with certainty. The malignant potential of NIFTP is extremely low (“Borderline”)mixedTallini Giovanni; De Leo AntonioTallini Giovanni; De Leo Antoni