Radiopurity of Micromegas readout planes

Micromesh Gas Amplification Structures (Micromegas) are being used in an increasing number of Particle Physics applications since their conception fourteen years ago. More recently, they are being used or considered as readout of Time Projection Chambers (TPCs) in the field of Rare Event searches (dealing with dark matter, axions or double beta decay). In these experiments, the radiopurity of the detector components and surrounding materials is measured and finely controlled in order to keep the experimental background as low as possible. In the present paper, the first measurement of the radiopurity of Micromegas planes obtained by high purity germanium spectrometry in the low background facilities of the Canfranc Underground Laboratory (LSC) is presented. The obtained results prove that Micromegas readouts of the microbulk type are currently manufactured with radiopurity levels below 30 microBq/cm2 for Th and U chains and ~60 microBq/cm2 for 40K, already comparable to the cleanest detector components of the most stringent low background experiments at present. Taking into account that the studied readouts were manufactured without any specific control of the radiopurity, it should be possible to improve these levels after dedicated development.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figure

Gaseous time projection chambers for rare event detection: Results from the T-REX project. II. Dark matter

As part of the T-REX project, a number of R&D and prototyping activities have been carried out during the last years to explore the applicability of Micromegas-read gaseous TPCs in rare event searches like double beta decay (DBD), axion research and low-mass WIMP searches. While in the companion paper we focus on DBD, in this paper we focus on the results regarding the search for dark matter candidates, both axions and WIMPs. Small ultra-low background Micromegas detectors are used to image the x-ray signal expected in axion helioscopes like CAST at CERN. Background levels as low as $0.8\times 10^{-6}$ c keV$^{-1}$cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ have already been achieved in CAST while values down to $\sim10^{-7}$ c keV$^{-1}$cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ have been obtained in a test bench placed underground in the Laboratorio Subterr\'aneo de Canfranc. Prospects to consolidate and further reduce these values down to $\sim10^{-8}$ c keV$^{-1}$cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$will be described. Such detectors, placed at the focal point of x-ray telescopes in the future IAXO experiment, would allow for 10$^5$ better signal-to-noise ratio than CAST, and search for solar axions with $g_{a\gamma}$ down to few 10$^{12}$ GeV$^{-1}$, well into unexplored axion parameter space. In addition, a scaled-up version of these TPCs, properly shielded and placed underground, can be competitive in the search for low-mass WIMPs. The TREX-DM prototype, with $\sim$0.300 kg of Ar at 10 bar, or alternatively $\sim$0.160 kg of Ne at 10 bar, and energy threshold well below 1 keV, has been built to test this concept. We will describe the main technical solutions developed, as well as the results from the commissioning phase on surface. The anticipated sensitivity of this technique might reach $\sim10^{-44}$ cm$^2$ for low mass ($<10$ GeV) WIMPs, well beyond current experimental limits in this mass range.Comment: Published in JCAP. New version with erratum incorporated (new figure 14

El neolític antic i l"inici de l"edat del bronze a les excavacions del nou conservatori del Liceu

[cat] En aquest article es presenta l"estudi interdisciplinari de les ocupacions prehistòriques recents (neolític i inici de l"edat del bronze) localitzades durant la construcció del Conservatori del Gran Liceu de Barcelona, al barri del Raval de la mateixa ciutat. Les restes ocupacionals corresponen a un assentament amb evidències d"estructures de combustió i diversos elements de suport. Hi destaca la conservació d"alguns magnífics fogars, així com un conjunt de materials abiòtics i biòtics que permeten augmentar el coneixement de les primeres comunitats agrícoles del Pla de Barcelona. [spa] En este artículo se presenta el estudio interdisciplinar de las ocupaciones prehistóricas recientes (Neolítico e inicio de la Edad del Bronce) localizadas durante la construcción del Conservatorio del Gran Liceo de Barcelona, en el barrio del Raval de la misma ciudad. Los restos de ocupación corresponden a un asentamiento con evidencias de estructuras de combustión y otros elementos de soporte. Entre ellos destaca la conservación de algunos magníficos hogares así como un conjunto de materiales abióticos y bióticos que permiten aumentar el conocimiento sobre las primeras comunidades agrícolas del llano de Barcelona. [eng] This paper presents the interdisciplinary study of the recent prehistoric occupations (Neolithic and Early Bronze Age) found during the construction of El Liceu Conservatoire in Barcelona"s El Raval district. Occupational remains correspond to a settlement with traces of combustion structures and several supporting elements. It emphasises the preservation of some magnificent fireplaces and a set of archaeological abitoic and biotic materials that can increase knowledge of the first farming communities in the Barcelona plain. [fra] Cet article présente l"étude interdisciplinaire des occupations préhistoriques récentes (néolithique et début de l"âge du bronze) localisées lors de la construction du Conservatoire du Grand Théâtre du Liceu (opéra) de Barcelone, dans le quartier du Raval. Les vestiges d"occupation correspondent à un établissement présentant des structures de combustion et différents éléments de support. On y remarque la conservation de quelques magnifiques foyers ainsi qu"un ensemble de matériaux abiotiques et biotiques qui peuvent enrichir les connaissances sur les premières communautés agricoles de la plaine de Barcelone

La Cova del Sardo de Boí i l'explotació de l'alta muntanya als Pirineus occidentals en època neolítica

Les excavacions arqueològiques a la Cova del Sardo de Boí (anys 2006 a 2008) junt a un extens programa de prospecció arqueològica al Parc Nacional d'Aigüestortes i Estany de Sant Maurici han permès documentar el procés de colonització i poblament dels espais d'alta muntanya del nord-oest de Catalunya des de inicis de l'Holocè. La seqüència prehistòrica de la Cova del Sardo cobreix pràcticament tres mil anys, entre el 5.500 i el 2.500 ca lANE. Junt amb d'altres jaciments documentats aporta indicis sobre les dinàmiques del poblament neolític en petits abrics i cavitats, que a partir del 3.000 calANE esdevé molt més intens i extens i experimenta una profunda modificació entorn el 2.400 calANE. Les dades paleoecològiques obtingudes a la zona completen la imatge d'aquestes primeres ocupacions humanes en aquest sector dels Pirineu

CAST microbulk micromegas in the Canfranc Underground Laboratory

During the last taking data campaigns of the CAST experiment, the micromegas detectors have achieved background levels of $\approx 5 \times 10^{-6}$keV$^{-1}$cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ between 2 and 9 keV. This performance has been possible thanks to the introduction of the microbulk technology, the implementation of a shielding and the development of discrimination algorithms. It has motivated new studies towards a deeper understanding of CAST detectors background. One of the working lines includes the construction of a replica of the set-up used in CAST by micromegas detectors and its installation in the Canfranc Underground Laboratory. Thanks to the comparison between the performance of the detectors underground and at surface, shielding upgrades, etc, different contributions to the detectors background have been evaluated. In particular, an upper limit $< 2 \times 10^{-7}$keV$^{-1}$cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ for the intrinsic background of the detector has been obtained. This work means a first evaluation of the potential of the newest micromegas technology in an underground laboratory, the most suitable environment for Rare Event Searches.Comment: 6 pages, 8 figures. To appear in the proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation for Particle Physics (TIPP 2011

X-ray detection with Micromegas with background levels below 10−6^{-6} keV−1^{-1}cm−2^{-2}s−1^{-1}

Micromegas detectors are an optimum technological choice for the detection of low energy x-rays. The low background techniques applied to these detectors yielded remarkable background reductions over the years, being the CAST experiment beneficiary of these developments. In this document we report on the latest upgrades towards further background reductions and better understanding of the detectors' response. The upgrades encompass the readout electronics, a new detector design and the implementation of a more efficient cosmic muon veto system. Background levels below 10$^{-6}$keV$^{-1}$cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ have been obtained at sea level for the first time, demonstrating the feasibility of the expectations posed by IAXO, the next generation axion helioscope. Some results obtained with a set of measurements conducted in the x-ray beam of the CAST Detector Laboratory will be also presented and discussed

Informe sobre el bioseguiment amb líquens epífits per l’avaluació de la qualitat de l’aire a la ciutat de Barcelona

Annex I a. Plànols dels ParcsAnnex I b. Plànols dels CementirisAnnex II. Fitxes i taules d'espèciesAnnex III a. Mapa Diversitat Liquènica VDL – ParcsAnnex III b. Mapa Diversitat Liquènica VDL – Cementiri