Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

Seismic Studies of Subsurface Structure in the Ewa Coastal Plain, Oahu, Hawaii

Seismic studies using well-logging, refraction, and reflection methods were carried out in 1965 in conjunction with a core-sample drilling project in the Ewa Coastal Plain, Oahu, Hawaii. The seismic well-logging technique gave a complicated velocity-depth profile, with higher velocities associated with reef limestone and lower velocities associated with mud deposits. The seismic refraction method showed a simpler velocity-depth profile with only a few distinct layers. The seismic reflection method corroborated the simpler profile obtained with the refraction method. The two profiles were reconciled, as the complicated profile can be averaged out into the simpler profile. The averaging-out process can be applied to the whole sedimentary column so that a P-wave velocity value may represent the sedimentary layer at any given locality. However, no single value can be assigned as typical for sedimentary layers for the entire Hawaiian area. The velocity values depend upon the composition of the layer, which is made up of varying proportions of mud, reef limestone, and weathered basalt. Layer 2 of the oceanic crust in the Hawaiian area has a rather uniform character, with seismic velocities ranging from 4.8 to 5.1 km/sec, and thicknesses from 4 to 8 km

Utilization of volcano energy. Proceedings of a conference, Hilo, Hawaii, February 4--8, 1974

Non

Crustal and Upper Mantle Structure of the Solomon Islands as Revealed by Seismic Refraction Survey of November-December 1966

A seismic refraction survey was carried out in the waters around the Solomon Islands during November and December 1966. Three ships were involved in the survey: two, stationed at the end points of the traverses, acted as recording ships; the third steamed along the traverses and dropped explosives. Reflection profiling and magnetic surveys were simultaneously carried out with the refraction survey. The results show that (a) on the Ontong Java Plateau to the northwest of the islands the crust is about 25 km thick with subnormal crustal velocities; (b) southwest of the New Georgia Islands the crust is thinner than normal and is underlain by a mantle with low velocity; (c) southwest of Bougainville Island the crust is generally of normal oceanic structure underlain by a mantle with low velocity; and (d) mantle material in the Slot is found at a depth of 14 km