<i>Trace++</i>: A Traceability Approach for Agile Software Engineering

Agile methodologies have been introduced as an alternative to traditional software engineering methodologies. However, despite the advantages of using agile methodologies, the transition between traditional and agile methodologies is not an easy task. There are several problems associated with the use of agile methodologies. Examples of these problems are related to (i) lack of metrics to measure the amount of rework that occurs per sprint, (ii) interruption of a project after several iterations, (iii) changes in the requirements, (iv) lack of documentation, and (v) lack of management control. In this paper we present Trace++, a traceability technique that extends traditional traceability relationships with extra information in order to support the transition between traditional and agile software development. The use of Trace++ has been evaluated in two real projects of different software development companies to measure the benefits of using Trace++ to support agile software development

A AVALIAÇÃO PARTICIPATIVA NA VISÃO DOS EDUCANDOS

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Giant Cysts of Seminal Vesicles

We report a clinical case of a 60 year-old man, asymptomatic to whom was incidentally found two retrovesical cysts. Physical examination revealed hypogastric, elastic and painless masses; digital rectal examination documented a normal prostate gland. Computerized tomography confirmed the presence of two giant seminal vesicle cysts.publishersversionpublishe

Halimium as an ectomycorrhizal symbiont: new records and an appreciation of known fungal diversity

AbstractHalimium is a genus of Cistaceae, containing a small group of shrub species found in open vegetation types and in degraded forest patches throughout the western and central Mediterranean region. We recently described the morpho-anatomical features of the ectomycorrhizae formed by Scleroderma meridionale on Halimium halimifolium, but the mycorrhizal biology of this host plant genus is still largely unexplored. Here, we report new data on the ectomycorrhizal fungal symbionts of Halimium, based on the collection of sporocarps and ectomycorrhizal root tips in pure stands occurring in Sardinia, Italy. To obtain a broader view of Halimium mycorrhizal and ecological potential, we compiled a comprehensive and up-to-date checklist of fungal species reported to establish ectomycorrhizae on Halimium spp. on the basis of field observations, molecular approaches, and mycorrhiza synthesis. Our list comprises 154 records, corresponding to 102 fungal species and 35 genera, revealing a significant diversity of the Halimium ectomycorrhizal mycobiota. Key ectomycorrhizal genera like Russula, Lactarius/Lactifluus, Amanita, Inocybe, and Cortinarius account for more than half of all mycobionts. A large proportion of Halimium fungal species are shared with other host plants in various ecological settings, suggesting a critical role of common mycorrhizal networks in the function played by this shrub in various Mediterranean ecosystems

Sciatic Nerve High Division: Two Different Anatomical Variants

Introduction: Sciatic nerve variations are relatively common. These variations are often very significant in several fields of Medicine. The purpose of this paper is to present two such variants and discuss their clinical implications. Material and Methods: Three Caucasian cadavers with no prior history of lower limb trauma or surgery were dissected and found to present anatomical variants of the sciatic nerve. Results: In all cases the sciatic nerve divided above the popliteal fossa. In two cases (cadavers 1 and 2) it divided on both sides in the inferior portion of the gluteal region in its two terminal branches: the common fibular and the tibial nerves. In another case (cadaver 3) the sciatic nerve was found to divide inside the pelvis just before coursing the greater sciatic notch. The common fibular nerve exited the pelvis above the pyriformis muscle and then passed along its posterior aspect, while the tibial nerve coursed deep to the pyriformis muscle. Discussion: According to the literature, the anatomical variant described in cadaver 3 is considered relatively rare. This variant can predispose to nerve entrapment and thus to the pyriformis syndrome, sciatica and coccygodynia. The high division of the sciatic nerve, as presented in cadavers 1 and 2, can make popliteal nerve blocks partially ineffective. Conclusion: The anatomical variants associated with a high division of the sciatic nerve, must always be born in mind, as they are relatively prevalent, and have important clinical implications, namely in Anesthesiology, Neurology, Sports Medicine and Surgery.publishersversionpublishe

Framework for planning and evaluation of nature-based solutions for water in peri-urban areas

Recent efforts to achieve social, economic, and environmental goals related to sustainability emphasize the importance of nature-based solutions (NBS), as grey infrastructure alone is insufficient to address current challenges. The majority of frameworks proposed in the literature fail to address the full potential of NBS, neglecting long-term results, unintended consequences, co-benefits, and their contribution to achieving global environmental agreements, such as the Agenda 2030, especially for water management in a peri-urban context. Here we present an innovative framework that can be applied to both NBS project planning and evaluation for several water-based challenges, giving practitioners and researchers a tool not only to evaluate ongoing projects but also to guide new ones. The framework considers three main stages of a NBS project: (1) context assessment, (2) NBS implementation and adaptation process, and (3) NBS results. This tool has the potential to be used to evaluate whether NBS projects are aligned with sustainability dimensions through a set of adaptable sustainability indicators. The framework can also highlight how the NBS targets are related to the sustainable development goals (SGD) and contribute to catalyzing the 2030 Agenda. The framework is an important tool for water management and other NBS types.The authors would like to thank the European Commission and the Research Council of Norway (RCN-project number 300560), Swedish Research Council for Sustainable Development (FORMAS-project number 2018-02777), Water Research Commission (WRC) in South Africa (Project: 2019/2020-00034), and Spain Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIU/AEI/FEDER) [PCI2019-103674,2019], for funding the research in the frame of the collaborative international consortium NATWIP financed under the 2018 Joint Call of the WaterWorks2017 ERA-NET Cofund. This ERA-NET is an integral part of the activities developed by the Water JPI. We also acknowledge the International Institute for Sustainability for providing an in-kind contribution to this research. We also acknowledge AEL received grant from Newton Advanced Fellowship (NAF/R2/18676), CAPES (001), CNPQ (308536/2018-5), FAPERJ (E-26/202.680/2018).Peer ReviewedObjectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::11 - Ciutats i Comunitats SosteniblesObjectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::13 - Acció per al ClimaPostprint (published version

EURAMET Key Comparison EURAMET.M.D-K4.2020: Hydrometer calibration comparison from 600 kg/m3 to 2000 kg/m3

This report presents the results of the key comparison EURAMET.M.D-K4.2020 (EURAMET 1496) that covered the calibration of high-resolution hydrometers for liquid in the density range 600 kg/m3 to 2 000 kg/m3 at the reference temperature of 20 °C. Nine laboratories participated in this key comparison, eight European national metrology institutes and one from Asia Pacific metrology: NIM from China. The participating laboratories were initially divided into two petals linked by two density laboratories: INRIM and PTB. In each petal, four similar transfer standards, hydrometers in the density range 600 kg/m3 to 2 000 kg/m3 are used. The equipment used by the participants was found to have very similar characteristics. Most of the declared relative uncertainties were within the 5×10-5 . The results of all participated laboratories have been linked to the CIPM key comparison CCM.D-K4 by INRIM and PTB. Discrepant results have been reported for three laboratories, which, however, do not affect their CMCs

A Arte dos “Balls” Norte Americanos como Ferramenta de Resistência LGBTQIA+ no Contexto das Cidades Contemporâneas

O movimento cultural Ballroom é apresentado em “Paris Is Burning” de Jennie Livingston em 1990. A cultura de bailes tem sua origem nos Estados Unidos, ganhando força entre os anos 70 e 80, onde através da arte, a população LGBTQIA+ se expressava e construia através das “famílias” espaços de resistência. Secchi, em Primeira lição de urbanismo, compara a cidade contemporânea com uma colcha de retalhos cujo a estrutura é repleta de complexidade e diversidade. Nesse sentido, compreendemos os balls como retalhos dessa colcha. Essa pesquisa bibliográfica tem como escopo discutir a inserção da população LGBTQIA+ no território das cidades a partir do debate em torno da conquista do espaço e do estabelecimento de vínculos afetivos nos balls estadunidenses. Verificou-se através desse estudo que o senso de comunidade dos sujeitos engajados nos balls fortaleciam suas identidades, os encorajando na apropriação do espaço urbano, porém idealizando corpos e status privilegiados.

Spatial and seasonal variation of microphytoplankton community and the correlation with environmental parameters in a hypereutrophic tropical estuary - Maranhão - Brazil

The Bacanga River Estuary has a hydrodynamic behavior and its tidal flow is limited by a dam. It is considered as a hypertrophic environment that receives daily high loads of domestic sewage without treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the spatial and temporal variation of phytoplankton community and its relationship with environmental parameters. Bi-monthly sampling campaigns were carried out at six fixed sites between 2012 and 2013. Physical-chemical and biological parameters were collected (chlorophyll a, phytoplankton composition and abundance) to perform the statistical correlations. The results indicate that phytoplankton community is mostly represented by diatoms, with Skeletonema costatum being the dominant species responsible for bloom in April and June of 2012. The dominance of this species is related to the high silicate concentrations, pH and turbidity. Other blooms events as well as the Euglena gracilis and Chlamydomonas sp. were recorded in February 2013, when the total phosphorus concentrations were high and the dissolved oxygen concentrations were higher. Dinoflagellates, cyanobacteria and diatom Thallassiosira sp. were widely distributed in the dry period and highly correlated with salinity, water transparency and nutrients. Hence, the distribution of phytoplankton community is more defined seasonally, rather than spatially.O estuário do rio Bacanga apresenta um comportamento hidrodinâmico com fluxo de marés limitado por uma barragem. Ele é considerado como um ambiente hipereutrófico que recebe diariamente altas cargas de esgoto doméstico sem tratamento. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a variação espaço-sazonal da comunidade fitoplanctônica e suas relações com parâmetros ambientais. Amostragens bimestrais foram realizadas em seis pontos fixos entre 2012 e 2013, obtendo valores dos parâmetros físico-químicos e biológicos (clorofila a, composição e abundância do fitoplâncton) para realização das análises estatísticas. Os resultados indicam que a comunidade fitoplanctônica é representada por diatomáceas, sendo Skeletonema costatum a espécie dominante responsável por pulsos de florações em abril e junho de 2012. O predomínio dessa espécie está relacionado aos elevados teores de silicato, pH e turbidez da água. Outros eventos de florações como da Euglena gracilis e Chlamydomonas sp. foram registrados em fevereiro de 2013, quando os teores de fósforo total estiveram elevados e as taxas de oxigênio dissolvido foram superiores. Os dinoflagelados, cianobactérias e a diatomácea Thallassiosira sp. apresentaram ampla distribuição no período de estiagem e estão altamente correlacionados com a salinidade, transparência da água e nutrientes. Desta forma, a distribuição da comunidade fitoplanctônica é mais definida sazonalmente que espacialment