EXPLORING THE RESILIENCE AND OPTIMIZING THE USES OF POTATO WILD RELATIVE SPECIES (SOLANUM SECTION PETOTA) IN A CHANGING CLIMATE

M.S

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK KUNYIT PUTIH (Curcuma alba) TERHADAP NILAI Hb (Hemoglobin), PCV (Packed Cell Volume), JUMLAH DAN DIFERENSIAL LEKOSIT TIKUS YANG TERPAPAR ASAP SEPEDA MOTOR

The fumes as an industrial waste and motor vehicle exhaust contains lead as major component. As the air pollutan lead will enter the body through the respiration or skin contact. The lead toxicity is proven to damage the blood and tissues, causes many effects such as anemia, disruption of red blood cell and tissue necrosis. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of white turmeric extract to the rat blood which was exposed by gas emission of motorcycle. The 25 male Wistar rats were used as model and divided equally into 5 groups. Group 1,2,3and 4 were exposed with gas emission of motorcycle for 30 minutes every morning and evening, everyday for 16days. Group 1,2and 3 were treated with 50, 100,and 200 mg/kg of body weight of white turmeric extract, respectively. Group 4 and 5 received destilled water. On day 16, the blood samples were taken from medial canthus vein of orbital sinus to measure the value ofHb, PCV,total and differential count ofleucocytes. The one wayANOVA analysis ofHb showed significant difference (

Wild relatives of potato may bolster its adaptation to new niches under future climate scenarios

Food production strategies and patterns are being altered in response to climate change. Enhancing the adaptation of important food crops to novel climate regimes will be critical to maintaining world food supplies. Climate change is altering the suitability of production areas for crops such as potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) making future productivity, resilience, and sustainability of this crop dependent on breeding for climate adaptation, including through the introgression of novel traits from its wild relatives. To better understand the future production climate envelopes of potatoes, and the potential of its wild relatives to contribute to adaptation to these environments, we estimated the climate of potato in four future climate scenarios and overlapped the current climate of 72 wild relative species and potato with these future climates. We discovered a shift of up to 12.5% by potato from current to novel climate by 2070 and varying magnitudes of overlap by different wild relatives with potato, primarily driven by the extent of endemism. To address the threat of novel climate on potato production and with the wealth of data available for the agrobiodiversity in potato wild relatives, we systematically developed a prioritization value inspired by the logic of the breeder's equation for locating potentially beneficial species possessing local adaptability, climatic plasticity, and interspecific crossability. In doing so, 26 unique species by discrete climate combinations are found, highlighting the presence of unique species to use in adapting potato to changing local climates. Further, the 20 highest prioritized values belong to diploid species, enforcing the drive to shift into diploid breeding by the potato research community, where introgression of the local climate adaptability traits may be more streamlined

Interactions between breeding system and ploidy affect niche breadth in Solanum

Understanding the factors driving ecological and evolutionary interactions of economically important plant species is important for agricultural sustainability. The geography of crop wild relatives, including wild potatoes (Solanum section Petota), have received attention; however, such information has not been analysed in combination with phylogenetic histories, genomic composition and reproductive systems to identify potential species for use in breeding for abiotic stress tolerance. We used a combination of ordinary least-squares (OLS) and phylogenetic generalized least-squares (PGLM) analyses to identify the discrete climate classes that make up the climate niche that wild potato species inhabit in the context of breeding system and ploidy. Self-incompatible diploid or self-compatible polyploid species significantly increase the number of discrete climate classes within a climate niche inhabited. This result was sustained when correcting for phylogenetic non-independence in the linear model. Our results support the idea that specific breeding system and ploidy combinations increase niche breadth through the decoupling of geographical range and niche diversity, and therefore, these species may be of particular interest for crop adaptation to a changing climate

Toward unifying global hotspots of wild and domesticated biodiversity

Global biodiversity hotspots are areas containing high levels of species richness, endemism and threat. Similarly, regions of agriculturally relevant diversity have been identified where many domesticated plants and animals originated, and co-occurred with their wild ancestors and relatives. The agro-biodiversity in these regions has, likewise, often been considered threatened. Biodiversity and agro-biodiversity hotspots partly overlap, but their geographic intricacies have rarely been investigated together. Here we review the history of these two concepts and explore their geographic relationship by analysing global distribution and human use data for all plants, and for major crops and associated wild relatives.We highlight a geographic continuum between agro-biodiversity hotspots that contain high richness in species that are intensively used and well known by humanity (i.e., major crops and most viewed species onWikipedia) and biodiversity hotspots encompassing species that are less heavily used and documented (i.e., crop wild relatives and species lacking information on Wikipedia). Our contribution highlights the key considerations needed for further developing a unifying concept of agro-biodiversity hotspots that encompasses multiple facets of diversity (including genetic and phylogenetic) and the linkage with overall biodiversity. This integration will ultimately enhance our understanding of the geography of human-plant interactions and help guide the preservation of nature and its contributions to people

Review of Queer Youth in the Province of the Severely Normal.

Gloria Filax poses an important question that has a specific context for the conservatism found in the Canadian prairies, yet is more generally applicable to modern western societies: Can queer youth, who struggle to define themselves as normal, negotiate a place of social belonging where heterosexual norms still dominate? She problematizes this question through a complicated mixture of ethnography, discourse analysis, history, and theory. Queer Youth in the Province of the Severely Normal tells a story about how queer youth in Alberta in the 1990s, unlike their heterosexual counterparts, have been actively excluded from social supports and public education that continue to be linked to Christian fundamentalist thinking that abhors the notion of sexual diversity

Breeding Scheme Development and Optimization During Neo-Domestication and Wide Hybridization

Ph.D