Glucose homeostasis changes and pancreatic β-cell proliferation after switching to cyclosporin in tacrolimus-induced diabetes mellitus

AbstractBackgroundSwitching to cyclosporin A may result in a reversion of tacrolimus-induced diabetes mellitus. However, mechanisms underlying such a reversion are still unknown.MethodsObese Zucker rats were used as a model for tacrolimus-induced diabetes mellitus. A cohort of 44 obese Zucker rats received tacrolimus for 11 days (0.3mg/kg/day) until diabetes development; then, (a) 22 rats were euthanized at day 12 and were used as a reference group (tacrolimus-day 12), and (b) 22 rats on tacrolimus were shifted to cyclosporin (2.5mg/kg/day) for 5 days (tacrolimus-cyclosporin). An additional cohort of 22 obese Zucker rats received the vehicle for 17 days and was used as a control group. All animals underwent an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test at the end of the study.Resultsβ-Cell proliferation, apoptosis and Ins2 gene expression were evaluated. Compared to rats in tacrolimus-day 12 group, those in tacrolimus-cyclosporin group showed a significant improvement in blood glucose levels in all assessment points in intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test. Diabetes decreased from 100% in tacrolimus-day-12 group to 50% in tacrolimus-cyclosporin group. Compared to tacrolimus-day-12 group, rats in tacrolimus-cyclosporin group showed an increased β-cell proliferation, but such an increase was lower than in rats receiving the vehicle. Ins2 gene expressions in rats receiving tacrolimus-cyclosporin and rats receiving the vehicle were comparable.ConclusionAn early switch from tacrolimus to cyclosporin in tacrolimus-induced diabetes mellitus resulted in an increased β-cell proliferation and reversion of diabetes in 50% of cases

Relaciones de la escuela con la familia y la comunidad

Fil: Ferreyra, Horacio Ademar. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Educación; Argentin

The potential of eupraxia@sparc_lab for radiation based techniques

A proposal for building a Free Electron Laser, EuPRAXIA@SPARC_LAB, at the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, is at present under consideration. This FEL facility will provide a unique combination of a high brightness GeV-range electron beam generated in a X-band RF linac, a 0.5 PW-class laser system and the first FEL source driven by a plasma accelerator. The FEL will produce ultra-bright pulses, with up to 1012 photons/pulse, femtosecond timescale and wavelength down to 3 nm, which lies in the so called “water window”. The experimental activity will be focused on the realization of a plasma driven short wavelength FEL able to provide high-quality photons for a user beamline. In this paper, we describe the main classes of experiments that will be performed at the facility, including coherent diffraction imaging, soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering and photofragmentation measurements. These techniques will allow studying a variety of samples, both biological and inorganic, providing information about their structure and dynamical behavior. In this context, the possibility of inducing changes in samples via pump pulses leading to the stimulation of chemical reactions or the generation of coherent excitations would tremendously benefit from pulses in the soft X-ray region. High power synchronized optical lasers and a TeraHertz radiation source will indeed be made available for THz and pump–probe experiments and a split-and-delay station will allow performing XUV-XUV pump–probe experiments.Fil: Balerna, Antonella. Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare.; ItaliaFil: Bartocci, Samanta. Università degli studi di Sassari; ItaliaFil: Batignani, Giovanni. Università degli studi di Roma "La Sapienza"; ItaliaFil: Cianchi, Alessandro. Universita Tor Vergata; Italia. Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare.; ItaliaFil: Chiadroni, Enrica. Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare.; ItaliaFil: Coreno, Marcello. Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare.; Italia. Istituto di Struttura della Materia; ItaliaFil: Cricenti, Antonio. Istituto di Struttura della Materia; ItaliaFil: Dabagov, Sultan. Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare.; Italia. National Research Nuclear University; Rusia. Lebedev Physical Institute; RusiaFil: Di Cicco, Andrea. Universita Degli Di Camerino; ItaliaFil: Faiferri, Massimo. Università degli studi di Sassari; ItaliaFil: Ferrante, Carino. Università degli studi di Roma “La Sapienza”; Italia. Center for Life Nano Science @Sapienza; ItaliaFil: Ferrario, Massimo. Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare.; ItaliaFil: Fumero, Giuseppe. Università degli studi di Roma “La Sapienza”; ItaliaFil: Giannessi, Luca. Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste; Italia. ENEA C.R. Frascati; ItaliaFil: Gunnella, Roberto. Universita Degli Di Camerino; ItaliaFil: Leani, Juan Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; ArgentinaFil: Lupi, Stefano. Università degli studi di Roma “La Sapienza”; Italia. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Sezione di Roma La Sapienza; ItaliaFil: Macis, Salvatore. Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata; Italia. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata; ItaliaFil: Manca, Rosa. Università degli studi di Sassari; ItaliaFil: Marcelli, Augusto. Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare.; Italia. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; ItaliaFil: Masciovecchio, Claudio. Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste; ItaliaFil: Minicucci, Marco. Universita Degli Di Camerino; ItaliaFil: Morante, Silvia. Universita Tor Vergata; Italia. Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare.; ItaliaFil: Perfetto, Enrico. Universita Tor Vergata; Italia. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; ItaliaFil: Petrarca, Massimo. Università degli studi di Roma "La Sapienza"; Italia. Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare.; ItaliaFil: Pusceddu, Fabrizio. Università degli studi di Sassari; ItaliaFil: Rezvani, Javad. Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare.; ItaliaFil: Robledo, José Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; ArgentinaFil: Rossi, Giancarlo. Centro Fermi—Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche “Enrico Fermi”; Italia. Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare.; Italia. Universita Tor Vergata; ItaliaFil: Sanchez, Hector Jorge. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; ArgentinaFil: Scopigno, Tullio. Center for Life Nano Science @Sapienza; Italia. Università degli studi di Roma "La Sapienza"; ItaliaFil: Stefanucci, Gianluca. Universita Tor Vergata; Italia. Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare.; ItaliaFil: Stellato, Francesco. Universita Tor Vergata; Italia. Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare.; ItaliaFil: Trapananti, Angela. Universita Degli Di Camerino; ItaliaFil: Villa, Fabio. Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare.; Itali

Guía para valorar la inclusión en las escuelas : construcción participativa

Fil: Ferreyra, Horacio Ademar. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Educación; ArgentinaFil: Yapur, Jorgelina. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Educación; ArgentinaFil: Vidales, Silvia Noemí. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Educación; ArgentinaFil: Olmos, Alicia Eugenia. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Educación; Argentin

Invited perspectives: A research agenda towards disaster risk management pathways in multi-(hazard-)risk assessment

Whilst the last decades have seen a clear shift in emphasis from managing natural hazards to managing risk, the majority of natural-hazard risk research still focuses on single hazards. Internationally, there are calls for more attention for multi-hazards and multi-risks. Within the European Union (EU), the concepts of multi-hazard and multi-risk assessment and management have taken centre stage in recent years. In this perspective paper, we outline several key developments in multi-(hazard-)risk research in the last decade, with a particular focus on the EU. We present challenges for multi-(hazard-)risk management as outlined in several research projects and papers. We then present a research agenda for addressing these challenges. We argue for an approach that addresses multi-(hazard-)risk management through the lens of sustainability challenges that cut across sectors, regions, and hazards. In this approach, the starting point is a specific sustainability challenge, rather than an individual hazard or sector, and trade-offs and synergies are examined across sectors, regions, and hazards. We argue for in-depth case studies in which various approaches for multi-(hazard-)risk management are co-developed and tested in practice. Finally, we present a new pan-European research project in which our proposed research agenda will be implemented, with the goal of enabling stakeholders to develop forward-looking disaster risk management pathways that assess trade-offs and synergies of various strategies across sectors, hazards, and spatial scales

D1.2 Handbook of multi-hazard, multi-risk definitions and concepts

This report is the first output of Work Package 1: Diagnosis of the MYRIAD-EU project: Handbook of Multi-hazard, Multi-Risk Definitions and Concepts. The aim of the task was to (i) acknowledge the differences and promote consistency in understanding across subsequent work packages in the MYRIAD-EU project, (ii) improve the accessibility of our work to a broad array of stakeholders and (iii) strengthen consensus across the hazard and risk community through a common understanding of multi-hazard, multi-risk terminology and concepts. The work encompassed a mixed-methods approach, including internal consultations and data-generating exercises; literature reviews; external stakeholder engagement; adopting and building on a rich existing body of established glossaries. 140 terms are included in the glossary, 102 related to multi-hazard, multi-risk, disaster risk management and an additional 38 due to their relevance to the project, acknowledging the need for a common understanding amongst an interdisciplinary project consortium. We also include extended definitions related to concepts particularly of relevance to this project deliverable, including ‘multi-hazard’, ‘hazard interrelationships’, ‘multi-risk’ and ‘direct and indirect loss and risk’. Underpinned by a literature review and internal consultation, we include a specific section on indicators, how these might be applied within a multi-hazard and multi-risk context, and how existing indicators could be adapted to consider multi-risk management. We emphasise that there are a number of established glossaries that the project (and risk community) should make use of to strengthen the impact of the work we do, noting in our literature review a tendency in papers and reports to define words afresh. We conclude the report with a selection of key observations, including terminology matters – for all aspects of disaster risk management, for example communication, data collection, measuring progress and reporting against Sendai Framework targets. At the same time, we discuss when is it helpful to include ‘multi-‘ as a prefix, questioning whether part of the paradigm shift needed to successfully address complex challenges facing an interconnected world is through inherently seeing vulnerability, exposure and disaster risk through the lens of multiple, interrelated hazards. We emphasise that there is likely to be an evolution of the terminology throughout the project lifetime as terms are emerge or shift as the project evolves. Finally, we propose a roadmap for developing and testing draft multi-risk indicators in MYRIAD-EU. The WP1 team would like to acknowledge all the contributions of the consortium on this task and the feedback from the External Advisory Board, in particular the chair of the board Virginia Murray, Head of Global Disaster Risk Reduction at the UK Health Security Agency, and the contribution of Jenty Kirsch-Wood, Head of Global Risk Management and Reporting at UNDRR, for her reflections on the findings of this work

Comparison of the Performance of Convolutional Neural Networks and Vision Transformer-Based Systems for Automated Glaucoma Detection with Eye Fundus Images

Glaucoma, a disease that damages the optic nerve, is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. The early detection of glaucoma is a challenge, which in recent years has driven the study and application of Deep Learning (DL) techniques in the automatic classification of eye fundus images. Among these intelligent systems, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) stand out, although alternatives have recently appeared, such as Vision Transformers (ViTs) or hybrid systems, which are also highly efficient in image processing. The question that arises in the face of so many emerging methods is whether all these new techniques are really more efficient for the problem of glaucoma diagnosis than the CNNs that have been used so far. In this article, we present a comprehensive comparative study of all these DL models in glaucoma detection, with the aim of elucidating which strategies are significantly better. Our main conclusion is that there are no significant differences between the efficiency of both DL strategies for the medical diagnostic problem addressed

Soria

El adecuado estado de la salud bucal permite mantener funciones vitales, sin embargo existen afecciones bucales importantes como: caries, enfermedad periodontal, maloclusiones y cáncer cuya incidencia en la población adulta es poco conocida. Durante la infancia y adolescencia está bien descripta la presencia de hábitos orales disfuncionales (HOD), pero poco se sabe sobre su mantenimiento en la edad adulta y sobre la existencia de traumas orales (TO) de diferente etiología. El objetivo fue estudiar la frecuencia de hábitos orales disfuncionales y de traumas orales, como posibles factores de riesgo para la salud bucal de personas adultas de la ciudad de Córdoba. Métodos: Participaron 400 voluntarios mayores, de18 a 87 años. Se realizó una historia clínica completa diseñada para este estudio y la valoración clínica por odontólogos especializados previamente calibrados. Resultados: el 48% de la población presento TD, en una relación significativamente superior a TP, TO y las caracterizaciones con más de un tipo de trauma (79, 12,5% y menores; p < 0,0001). El 76% de la población estudiada presenta HOD (p<0,0001). DD: 55%; M: 19%; I: 31%; P: 3%; O: 14%; respiración disfuncional: 21%. Conclusión: la prevalencia de factores traumatizantes dentarios y protésicos es alta, al igual que la de hábitos orales disfuncionales.https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/RevFacOdontoFil: Fumero, Victoria Beatríz. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología; Argentina.Fil: Piacenza, Adriana Beatríz. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra Integral Niños y Adolescentes B. Área Ortodoncia; Argentina.Fil: Baiocco, Javier. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra Integral Niños y Adolescentes B. Área Ortodoncia; Argentina.Fil: Gait, María Teresa de las Mercedes. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra Integral Niños y Adolescentes B. Área Ortodoncia; Argentina.Fil: Fornero, Sofia Belén. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra Integral Niños y Adolescentes B. Área Ortodoncia; Argentina.Fil: Irazuzta, María Laura del Carmen. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra Integral Niños y Adolescentes B. Área Ortodoncia; Argentina.Fil: López de Blanc, Silvia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Estomatología B; Argentina. .Fil: Soria, Marina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología; Argentina.Fil: Soruco, Ana Mariela. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra Integral Niños y Adolescentes B. Área Ortodoncia; Argentina.Otras Ciencias de la Salu

Loss of epithelial morphology.

<p>The inflammatory medium conditioned by macrophages induced a morphological shift in the epithelial colon cancer cell lines HT-29 and SW620 that was reminiscent of an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Phase contrast microscopy images were obtained after treatment of colon cancer cell cultures for 2 days with the indicated conditioned media. <i>CON</i>, standard medium; <i>MONO-CM</i>, conditioned medium from non-activated monocytes; <i>MACRO-CM</i>, conditioned medium from differentiated macrophages.</p

Cell line-dependent cell proliferation and toxicity.

<p>The inflammatory medium conditioned by macrophages provoked a slowdown of cell proliferation in the HT-29 and SW620 cell lines, whereas it induced cell death in Caco2 cells. <b><i>A</i></b>, cell proliferation assays on HT-29 and SW620 during continuous treatment with the indicated conditioned media. Cell cultures were seeded at 3x10⁴/cm² and 2x10⁴/cm², respectively, and viable cells were calculated by trypan blue exclussion during the course of continuous treatment. The graph shows a representative experiment made in duplicates. <b><i>B</i></b>, cell countings were performed on the sixth day of the experiment shown in <i>A</i> and are expressed as the mean ± SD from 4 independent experiments (<i>*</i>, p = 0.068 with respect to <i>CON</i> or <i>MONO-CM</i> according to the Wilcoxon sign-rank test). <b><i>C</i></b>, cell viability was analyzed by clonogenicity assays as described in Materials and Methods, revealing that HT-29 cells preserved almost full viability after treatment with MACRO-CM for 48 hours while Caco2 cells underwent massive cell death. Results are shown as the percentage of visible colonies respect to 100% viability in cultures that had been treated with standard medium (<i>CON</i>). Percentage values are the mean ± SD from 6 independent experiments (<i>*</i>, p<0.050 with respect to <i>CON</i> or <i>MONO-CM</i> according to the Wilcoxon sign-rank test). <i>CON</i>, standard medium; <i>MONO-CM</i>, conditioned medium from non-activated monocytes; <i>MACRO-CM</i>, conditioned medium from differentiated macrophages.</p