Formaciones de "Antirrhinum majus" en los territorios hispalenses

Stands of Antirrhinum majus in the Hispalense sectorPalabras clave. Asociación, sintaxonomia, corología, sur Península Ibérica, Echio boissieri-Antirrhinetum majii.Key words. Association, syntaxonomy, chorology, south of the Iberian Peninsula, Echio boissieri-Antirrhinetum majii

Bioclimatology, structure, and conservation perspectives of Quercus pyrenaica, Acer opalus subsp. Granatensis, and Corylus avellana deciduous forests on Mediterranean bioclimate in the South-Central part of the Iberian Peninsula

The plant variability in the southern Iberian Peninsula consists of around 3500 different taxa due to its high bioclimatic, geographic, and geological diversity. The deciduous forests in the southern Iberian Peninsula are located in regions with topographies and specific bioclimatic conditions that allow for the survival of taxa that are typical of cooler and wetter bioclimatic regions and therefore represent the relict evidence of colder and more humid paleoclimatic conditions. The floristic composition of 421 samples of deciduous forests in the south-central part of the Iberian Peninsula were analyzed. The ecological importance index (IVI) was calculated, where the most important tree species were Quercuspyrenaica, Aceropalus subsp. Granatensis, and Corylusavellana. These species are uncommon in the south-central part of the Iberian Peninsula, forming forests of little extension. An analysis of the vertical distribution of the species (stratum) shows that the majority of the species of stratum 3 (hemicriptophics, camephytes, geophites, and nanophanerophytes) are characteristic of deciduous forests, and their presence is positively correlated with high values of bioclimatic variables related to humidity and presence of water in the soil (nemoral environments), while they are negatively correlated with high values of bioclimatic variables related to high temperatures, evapotranspiration, and aridity. This work demonstrates that several characteristic deciduous forest taxa are more vulnerable to disappearance due to the loss of their nemoral conditions caused by gaps in the tree or shrub canopy. These gaps lead to an increase in evapotranspiration, excess insolation, and a consequent loss of water and humidity in the microclimatic conditions.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Una nueva asociación de matorral gipsófilo para el Sur de España (Provincia Bética)

El estudio de los matorrales gípsicos en el sur de España, revela la presencia de una comunidad diferente del resto de asociaciones descritas hasta el momento dentro de la alianza Lepidion subulati, al existir diferencias florísticas, ecológicas y biogeográficas. Por ello se propone la asociación Ononido angustifolii-Anthyllidetum cytisoidi nova, con un área subbética e hispalense, que se presenta en ambientes, secos y subhúmedos, sobre substratos gípsicos, los cuales dependiendo del ombrotipo se encuentran más o menos lavados, por lo que el matorral puede presentar más o menos gipsófitos estrictos. Asociación que se desarrolla sobre sustratos gípsicos, los cuales experimentan una pérdida de sales en ambientes seco-subhúmedos, por lo que esta nueva comunidad presenta un bajo porcentaje de gipsófilos estrictos frente a una mayor frecuencia de especies menos estrictas. Por lo que se propone la nueva alianza Resedo constrictae-Helianthemion syriacae nova de distribución ibérico-magrebíA study of the thickets growing on gypsum soils in the south of Spain reveals the presence of a community different from the other associations already described within the suballiance Lepidienion subulati as a result of the floristic, ecological and biogeographical differences. Therefore, we propose the association Ononido angustifolii-Anthyllidetum cytisoidi nova with a Subbetic and Hispalensean distribution. The association occurs in semiarid, dry and subhumid environments, on gypsum soils which, depending on the ombrotype, are more or less washed-out and, consequently, the thicket may comprise more o less strict gypsophytes. The association grows on gypsum soils which undergo salt deprivation in dry-subhumid environments. Thus, in this new community the percentage of strict gypsophilous taxa is low as compared to the number of less strict gypsophytes. To propose the new alliance Resedo constrictae-Helianthemion syriacae iberico-magrebi distribution

Diversity and conservation status of mangrove communities in two areas of Mesocaribea biogeographic region

The study of mangrove communities (Avicennia germinans, Conocarpus erectus, Laguncularia racemosa and Rhyzophora mangle) in Central America reveals a total diversity of 121 species included in 7 plant communities, of which 15 are characteristic of mangroves and 31 of flooded areas with less pronounced salinity, while 75 are invasive species belonging to neighbouring communities. Frequent fires in the dry forest have caused intense erosion, leading to the silting of the lake basin. As a result, the first belt of Rhizophora vegetation is extremely rare. In contrast, there is a predominance of Laguncularia and Conocarpus mangrove plants, in addition to a belt of Phragmito Magnocaricetea with a high incidence of Phragmites australis, which acts as an indicator of sediment silting due to its shallowness

Intangible assets in the internationalization of Spanish wineries: directive and compared perception between family and non family businesses

Objeto: Determinar cuál es la dotación de recursos intangibles que presentan las empresas del sector vitivinícola español, como fuente de ventaja competitiva en el desarrollo de su estrategia internacional. Estudio exploratorio del impacto que los diferentes recursos intangibles de las bodegas españolas tienen sobre el grado de desarrollo de su estrategia internacional: diferencias en función del carácter familiar o no de las mismas. Diseño/metodología/enfoque: Estudio empírico cuantitativo de carácter básicamente descriptivo a partir del análisis de la información recogida en cuestionarios realizados a directivos de bodegas, familiares y no familiares españolas, representativas del sector en el contexto nacional. Aportaciones y resultados: La dotación de los recursos intangibles que presentan las empresas del sector vitivinícola español, como fuente de la ventaja competitiva en su expansión internacional, varía en relación al tipo de recursos analizados (tecnológicos, humanos, organizativos y relacionales) y, en algunos aspectos, en relación al carácter familiar o no de la empresa. Limitaciones: El hecho de haber concentrado todo el estudio en un único sector económico. Un estudio similar en otros sectores industriales podría ofrecer resultados distintos a los obtenidos en este trabajo. Implicaciones prácticas: Se señalan los principales retos a alcanzar por las empresas vitivinícolas españolas, en relación a su dotación de recursos intangibles, para reforzar y fortalecer su posición competitiva en el mercado internacional. Implicaciones sociales: Este estudio señala cómo podrían distintos organismos e instituciones, relacionados con el sector, de carácter público o privado, ayudar a las empresas a alcanzar los retos que se plantean. De igual manera orienta sobre cuáles y en qué medida han de ser aplicadas las políticas sobre recursos intangibles en este sector. Valor añadido: Pese a existir numerosos datos e información relacionada con el comercio exterior del sector vitivinícola español, ningún estudio anterior se ha centrado en el análisis de los recursos intangibles de estas compañías como fuente de la ventaja competitiva en el desarrollo de la estrategia internacional, ni tampoco se había diferenciado, previamente, entre el carácter familiar o no de las empresas que conforman el sector. Se trata de un primer trabajo que sienta las bases sobre la efectiva dotación de las bodegas familiares españolas.Purpose: To determine which of the intangible resources possessed by companies from the Spanish viticultural sector can serve as a source of competitive advantage in the development of their international strategies. Exploratory study of the impact of the different intangible resources possessed by Spanish wineries on the development of their international strategies: differences depending on the family-owned or non family-owned character of the viticultural companies in question. Design/methodology/approach: Empirical quantitative study of descriptive nature basically using the analysis of information gathered from surveys carried out with managers in Spanish wineries, family and non-family, representative of the sector in the national context. Findings: Companies from the Spanish viticultural sector show an intangible resource endowment, as a source of competitive advantage in the development of their international strategies. This endowment varies depending on the resources analyzed (technological, human, organizational and relational resources) and, in some aspects, does vary depending whether the firm is family-owned or not. Research limitations: We have focused our study in only one economic sector completely. The same analysis or study in other industrial sectors would provide different results from those achieved in this study. Practical implications: The main challenges facing Spanish wineries in achieving success are emphasized taking into consideration their intangible resource endowment, in order to reinforce their competitive position in international markets. Social implications: This study points out the way that different public and private organizations and institutions of the viticultural sector could help wineries to overcome the challenges that have been set out in this study. Just as it directs which different policies and how they should be applied to the intangible resources in the viticultural sector. Originality/value: Although there is numerous data and information about the International trade of the Spanish viticultural sector, no previous study has focused on the analysis of these companies’ intangible resources as a source of competitive advantage in the development of their international strategies. Furthermore, none of these previous studies have taken into account whether the winery is family-owned or not. It is a first piece of work that leads the foundations about the effective resource endowment of Spanish family wineries.Peer Reviewe

La modelización espacial de las zonas litorales, una herramienta para el análisis de la sostenibilidad en las zonas costeras. Aplicación a la zona litoral del Mar Menor.

El artículo analiza la importancia de disponer de sistemas de representación y modelización de las zonas costeras y la franja litoral, que sean consistentes con los modelos terrestres y que permitan analizar con mayor rigor los efectos que la actividad humana genera en el medio marino. La investigación se ha centrado en el desarrollo de un prototipo de visualizador tridimensional del medio marino para el área de la Reserva Marina de Cabo de Palos-Islas Hormigas en el Mar Menor

Distribution patterns of endemic flora to define hotspots on Hispaniola

Nineteen areas on the island of Hispaniola (Haiti and the Dominican Republic) were studied with the aim of determining the distribution pattern of the endemic flora in these areas, and their variability with altitude. The main concentration of endemic species occurs in mountains with a medium altitude and in certain mountain sites (palaeo-islands), which coincide with hotspots; a lower number of endemics are found in low-lying areas (coldspots), due to the degradation of their habitats. A total of 1,582 endemic species were studied and were distributed in 19 areas. The whole island is of outstanding interest for its richness in endemics; it has 2,050 endemic species, representing 34.16% of its total flora. The territory in the study is home to 1,284 genera of which 31 are endemic to the island, including monotypical genera such as Tortuella abietifolia Urb. & Ekman, and endemic genera such as Hottea, containing seven endemic species. The sites with the highest rate of endemics are area A16 in the central range with a total of 440 endemic species, of which 278 are exclusive to the territory; and the Sierra de Bahoruco, la Selle, La Hotte and Tibur on in area A12, where we found 699 plants of which 482 are endemic and exclusive to the area; and A13 with 173 and 129 respectively. This work highlights the exceptional floristic diversity in endemic species and genera and analyses their distribution patterns as a tool for conservation in this area of the world, whose high endemicity rate makes it one of the most significant hotspots in the Caribbean

Expansion of the Juniperus Genus due to Anthropic Activity

This work contains a study of Juniperus forests in the southern Iberian Peninsula and aims to determine their floristic composition and their biogeographical, ecological and bioclimatological distribution. The analysis of Juniperus formations revealed a series of different plant communities. The presence of endemic companions in these plant communities justifies the study of these islands: Echinospartum ibericum Rivas Mart., Sánchez Mata & Sancho, Adenocarpus argyrophyllus (Rivas Goday) Caball., Digitalis purpurea L. subsp. mariana (Boiss.) Rivas Goday, Sideritis lacaitae Font Quer, Coincya longirostra (Boiss) Greuter & Burdet, Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link subsp. bourgaei (Boiss.) Riv.-Mart., Cytisus striatus (Hill) Rothm. subsp. eriocarpus (autor), Genista polyanthos R. Roem. Ex Willk., Dianthus crassipes R. de Roemer, Dianthus lusitanus Brot. Digitalis thapsi L., Digitalis purpurea L. subsp. Heywoodii P. Silva & M. Silva, subsp. mariana (Boiss) Rivas Goday, Securinega tinctoria (L.) Rothm., Lavandula stoechas L. subsp. luisieri (Rozeira) Rozeira, lavandula stoechas subsp. sampaiana Rozeira, Genista hirsuta Vahl, Thymus mastichina (L.) L., Thymus grantensis Boiss. subps. micranthus (Willk.) O. Boòs & Vigo, Thymus zygis Loefl ex L. subsp. gracillis (Boiss.) Boiss., Antirrhinum graniticum Roth. subsp. onubensis (Fernández Casas) Valdés. The territories in the study are of community interest (SCI) due to the presence of habitats such as Habitat 8220, which includes the plant associations Digitali thapsi-Dianthetum lusitani Rivas-Martínez ex Fuente 1986, Jasiono marianae-Dianthetum lusitani Rivas Goday (1955) 1964, Coincyo longirostraae-Dianthetum lusitani Melendo in Cano, Melendo & F. Valle 1997, and is the motive for the need to conserve these areas. However the dominant species in these environments is Juniperus oxycedrus L. subsp. lagunae (Pau ex C. Vicioso) Rivas Mart., and all the other –mainly endemic– species are located within its vicinity. These zones can thus be classified as hotspots with particular interest for conservation. Areas dominated by Juniperus are currently becoming more widespread due to the greater prevalence of rock beds, which increase every year in response to deforestation and forest fires. This phenomenon leads to the extension of edaphoxerophilous zones and a decrease in climatophilous zones, and creates more potential areas that can potentially act as a refuge for endemic species

Forests and Landscapes of Dominican Republic

Aims: This, in conjunction with the diversity of the substrates and the fact that the island is home to the highest mountains in the Caribbean and with a high rate of endemic species, allows them to be differentiated into three major groups –dry forest, cloud forest and the transition between dry and cloud forests. The forests in the Dominican Republic grow in a tropical climate with ombrotypes ranging from arid to humid-hyperhumid due to the moisture-laden Atlantic winds; and infra-, thermo-, meso- and supratropical thermotypes. Establish the diversity, ecology and forest types in Dominican Republic. Methods: We identified all species through field surveys and comparative analyzes of how forest types, structure, diversity and ecology.Results: We consided these forests to be endemic to the island of Hispaniola, as the dry forest presents 81 endemic species, of which 10 are trees, 65 shrubs, 5 creepers, and 1 herbaceous species; while the cloud forest has 19 trees, 20 shrubs, 8 creepers, 4 epiphytes and 6 herbaceous species. Conclusions: We highlight the absence of endemic epiphytes in the dry forests, which are in a poor state of conservation and subject to greater human pressure than the cloud forest