Digital divide between school and learning informal learning. A case study

“Escenarios, Tecnologías Digitales y Juventud en Andalucía” (HUM-02599), es el nombre del Proyecto de Investigación de Excelencia, que enmarca a esta aportación. El objetivo general de dicho proyecto, es la comprensión del uso de las tecnologías digitales y especialmente de Internet de adolescentes y jóvenes, así como las interacciones y prácticas que despliegan, desarrollan y generan en distintos escenarios socio-educativos. Esta comunicación se concreta en la selección de dos estudios de casos. La recogida de datos ha sido realizada a través de entrevistas narrativas a adolescentes, con el objetivo de conocer que medios y recursos TIC privilegian los adolescentes en su vida diaria ante la resolución de distintas situaciones-problemas cotidianas. Para el análisis cualitativo de la información, se ha utiliza el sofware científico Atlas.ti 5.0. Entre los resultados obtenidos destaca el uso de herramientas pertenecientes a la Web 2.0. por parte de los jóvenes, y la selección del móvil y del ordenador portátil como instrumentso tecnológicos más útiles, frente a otros medios, tales como, MP3s, iPad, cámaras digitales… Por otro lado, se desprende la necesidad de que las escuelas actuales incorporen el aprendizaje tecnológico que los estudiantes poseen en su quehacer diario, ya que se observa una brecha tecnológica entre aprendizaje tecnológico informal de uso en la vida diaria de los adolescentes y el aprendizaje formal de las escuelas

Educational networks: a reflection about current school

Actualmente, la escuela tiene la necesidad de incorporar el aprendizaje tecnológico que los estudiantes poseen en situaciones de enseñanza-aprendizaje formales. En palabras de Freire (2009: 2): “La educación, como proceso basado en conocimiento, comunicación e interacciones sociales se ha visto afectada de forma radical por la emergencia de la cultura digital que ha transformado a sus actores, profesores y estudiantes, provocando la necesidad de cambios en las propias instituciones educativas”. Como hemos podido corroborar en otras investigaciones (González y otros, 2011) este desfase entre aprendizaje tecnológico para la vida cotidiana y aprendizaje formal repercute en el rendimiento de nuestros estudiantes ocasionando situaciones de exclusión sobrevenidas. Es por ello que presentamos esta comunicación, para poner de manifiesto la importancia de que el profesorado participe en redes educativas donde se nutran de las experiencias y conocimientos de otros docentes y que a su vez incorporen estas TICs al día a día de sus aulas

Escuela de investigadores

La Escuela de Investigadores se plantea como una experiencia de innovación con el propósito de facilitar y mejorar la formación investigadora del alumnado en la realización del Trabajo Fin de Máster (TFM) del Máster de Dirección, Evaluación y Calidad de las Instituciones de Formación de la Universidad de Sevilla en el Itinerario de Investigación. Esta escuela se presenta como una fórmula colaborativa de tutorización en la dirección del trabajo de investigación. En ella se prima la creación de un grupo, que es la base que sustenta todo el proceso formativo. Se pretende con ello desarrollar competencias de distinta naturaleza a través de una metodología comunicativa como base, tanto para el autoconocimiento, como para la creación de espacios de desarrollo madurativo de índole intelectual y personal. La evaluación de esta innovación se lleva a cabo de forma cualitativa. Los resultados indican el potencial educativo de esta experiencia desde la perspectiva de los estudiantes.Researchers School is proposed as an innovation experience in order to facilitate and enhance research training of students in the realization of Master's Thesis (TFM) Itinerary of Research at the Masters in Management, Evaluation and Institutional Quality Training. This school is presented as a collaborative formula tutoring in the direction of the research. It's raw creation of a group, which is the foundation that underpins the whole training process. The aim is to develop differents skills, through communicative methodology as the basis both for the self and for the creation of opportunities for both intellectual development and maturation of this assessment personal. Evaluation of this innovation is carried out qualitatively. The results show the educational potential of this innovation, showing the aspects that favor students in their assessment

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Gestión del conocimiento. Perspectiva multidisciplinaria. Volumen 17

El libro “Gestión del Conocimiento. Perspectiva Multidisciplinaria”, Volumen 17 de la Colección Unión Global, es resultado de investigaciones. Los capítulos del libro, son resultados de investigaciones desarrolladas por sus autores. El libro es una publicación internacional, seriada, continua, arbitrada, de acceso abierto a todas las áreas del conocimiento, orientada a contribuir con procesos de gestión del conocimiento científico, tecnológico y humanístico. Con esta colección, se aspira contribuir con el cultivo, la comprensión, la recopilación y la apropiación social del conocimiento en cuanto a patrimonio intangible de la humanidad, con el propósito de hacer aportes con la transformación de las relaciones socioculturales que sustentan la construcción social de los saberes y su reconocimiento como bien público

The c.859G>C variant in the SMN2 gene is associated with both type II and III SMA and originates from a common ancestor

International audienceHomozygous mutations of the telomeric SMN1 gene lead to degeneration of motor neurons causing spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).1 A highly similar centromeric gene (SMN2) can only partially compensate for SMN1 deficiency. The c.859G>C variant in SMN2, has been recently reported as a positive disease modifier.2,3 We identified the variant in 10 unrelated chronic SMA patients with a wide spectrum of phenotypes ranging from type II patients who can only sit to adult walkers. Haplotye analysis strongly suggests that the variant originated from a common ancestor. Our results confirm that the c.859G>C variant is a milder SMN2 allele and predict a direct correlation between SMN activity and phenotypic severity

Mutation update of spinal muscular atrophy in Spain: molecular characterization of 745 unrelated patients and identification of four novel mutations in the SMN1 gene

11 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables.-- PMID: 19050931 [PubMed].-- Available online Dec 3, 2008.Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by mutations in the SMN1 gene. We have studied the molecular pathology of SMA in 745 unrelated Spanish patients using PCR-RFLP, SMN gene dosage analysis, linkage studies, long-range PCR and direct sequencing. Our systematic approach allowed us to complete genetic testing and risk assessment in 736 SMA patients (98.8%). Females were more frequently affected by the acute form of the disease (type I), whereas chronic forms (type II–III) predominated in males (p G). The c.399_402delAGAG mutation accounted for 1.9% of all Spanish SMA patients. Finally, we discovered four novel mutations: c.312dupA, c.411delT, p.Trp190X and p.Met263Thr. Our results confirm that most SMA cases are due to large genetic rearrangements in the repetitive region of the SMA locus, resulting in absence-dysfunction of the SMN1 gene. By contrast, ancestrally inherited small mutations are responsible for only a small number of cases. Four prevalent changes in exons 3 and 6 (c.399_402delAGAG; c.770_780dup11; p.Tyr272Cys; p.Thr274Ile) accounted for almost 70% of our patients with these subtle mutations. An SMN–SMN dimer model featuring tight hydrophobic-aromatic interactions is proposed to explain the impact of mutations at the C-terminal end of the protein.This work was supported by CIBERER (to L.A. and E. Aller), GENAME Project (to S. Bernal, R.M.H., F.J.M.A., E.G. and A.P.), and FIS05-2416 (to E. Also); Grants: FIS 05-2416 (E.F.T.) and GENAME Project (E.F.T., C·H.C., J.M.M., S. Borrego, J.C., M.R.) We wish to thank the consenting parents and patients who made this study possible.Peer reviewe

Naked eye microscopy

Depto. de Biodiversidad, Ecología y EvoluciónFac. de Ciencias BiológicasFALSEsubmitte