Testing the Efficient Network TRaining (ENTR) Hypothesis: initially reducing training image size makes Convolutional Neural Network training for image recognition tasks more efficient

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) for image recognition tasks are seeing rapid advances in the available architectures and how networks are trained based on large computational infrastructure and standard datasets with millions of images. In contrast, performance and time constraints for example, of small devices and free cloud GPUs necessitate efficient network training (i.e., highest accuracy in the shortest inference time possible), often on small datasets. Here, we hypothesize that initially decreasing image size during training makes the training process more efficient, because pre-shaping weights with small images and later utilizing these weights with larger images reduces initial network parameters and total inference time. We test this Efficient Network TRaining (ENTR) Hypothesis by training pre-trained Residual Network (ResNet) models (ResNet18, 34, & 50) on three small datasets (steel microstructures, bee images, and geographic aerial images) with a free cloud GPU. Based on three training regimes of i) not, ii) gradually or iii) in one step increasing image size over the training process, we show that initially reducing image size increases training efficiency consistently across datasets and networks. We interpret these results mechanistically in the framework of regularization theory. Support for the ENTR hypothesis is an important contribution, because network efficiency improvements for image recognition tasks are needed for practical applications. In the future, it will be exciting to see how the ENTR hypothesis holds for large standard datasets like ImageNet or CIFAR, to better understand the underlying mechanisms, and how these results compare to other fields such as structural learning.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures, 1 table +++ Keywords: Image recognition, Efficient Network Training hypothesis, image size increase, network efficiency, ResNet models, Google Colaboratory, free cloud GPU, material science, geoscience, environmental science, convolutional neural networks, regularizatio

Hinterland FAR Frohn & Rojas, Colonia, 2011

Indexación: Web of Science; Scielo.¿Es posible llevar la interpretación de las regulaciones urbanas al ámbito del "hágalo Ud. mismo"? Este software acorta la distancia entre habitante, arquitecto y normativa, en un intento por acelerar y facilitar la renovación del tejido urbano del casco histórico de Colonia.Is it possible to interpret urban regulations under the "do it yourself" model? This software brings resident, architect and regulations closer together in an attempt to accelerate and facilitate the renewal of the urban fabric of Cologne's historic quarter.http://ref.scielo.org/kq823

Inferring Lower Bounds for Runtime Complexity

We present the first approach to deduce lower bounds for innermost runtime complexity of term rewrite systems (TRSs) automatically. Inferring lower runtime bounds is useful to detect bugs and to complement existing techniques that compute upper complexity bounds. The key idea of our approach is to generate suitable families of rewrite sequences of a TRS and to find a relation between the length of such a rewrite sequence and the size of the first term in the sequence. We implemented our approach in the tool AProVE and evaluated it by extensive experiments

Termination of Triangular Integer Loops is Decidable

We consider the problem whether termination of affine integer loops is decidable. Since Tiwari conjectured decidability in 2004, only special cases have been solved. We complement this work by proving decidability for the case that the update matrix is triangular.Comment: Full version (with proofs) of a paper published in the Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Computer Aided Verification (CAV '19), New York, NY, USA, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer-Verlag, 201

Wall House. Lampa, Chile

Indexación: Web of Science; ScieloEl control climático y lumínico es tomado como generatriz de una vivienda ubicada en la zona central de Chile. A través de la creación de capas sucesivas desde el interior, se conforman los espacios privados y comunes, en un contexto velado por los mantos exteriores que controlan la luz y las vistas.This thesis project, built thanks to the participation of locals and the recycling of abandoned material, proposes a contemplation space of a landscape previously exploited. The generated volumes are placed and give gratuity to the space, allowing one to reflect over history.http://ref.scielo.org/w8xtw

Modelling transport and deposition of caesium and iodine from the Chernobyl accident using the DREAM model

International audienceA tracer model, DREAM (the Danish Rimpuff and Eulerian Accidental release Model), has been developed for modelling transport, dispersion and deposition (wet and dry) of radioactive material from accidental releases, as the Chernobyl accident. The model is a combination of a Lagrangian model, that includes the near source dispersion, and an Eulerian model describing the long-range transport. The performance of the transport model has previously been tested within the European Tracer Experiment, ETEX, which included transport and dispersion of an inert, non-depositing tracer from a controlled release. The focus of this paper is the model performance with respect to the deposition of 137Cs, 134Cs and 131I from the Chernobyl accident, using different relatively simple and comprehensive parameterizations. The performance, compared to measurements, of different combinations of parameterizations of wet and dry deposition schemes has been evaluated, using different statistical tests

Очистка воды от солей жёсткости при помощи бытового водоочитстного фильтра

В работе проведено исследование фильтра-кувшина Аквафор Гарри, при процессах динамической фильтрации, через него водопроводной воды содержащей соли жёсткости. Определена степень извлечения солей жёсткости и ресурс исследуемого картриджа В100-8.In this work, a study of the filter-jar Aquaphor Harry was carried out in the process of dynamic filtration of tap water containing hardness salts. The degree of extraction of hardness salts and the working life of the investigated cartridge B100-8 was determined

Gruppenpuzzle als Methode in Tutorien – Eine Untersuchung zu Einstellungen von Lehramtsstudierenden im Rahmen einer Fachvorlesung „Arithmetik und Algebra“

Frohn D, Salle A. Gruppenpuzzle als Methode in Tutorien. Eine Untersuchung zu Einstellungen von Lehramtsstudierenden im Rahmen einer Fachvorlesung „Arithmetik und Algebra“. In: Beiträge zum Mathematikunterricht 2016. Band 1. Münster: WTM; 2016: 289