First Grade Teachers’ Expectations of Children’s Skills in Transition to Primary School

This study investigated first grade primary school teachers’ expectations of children’s skills entering primary school in Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia. The aim of the study was to provide some reasons or beliefs that form teachers’ expectations regarding children’s competency and learning in their first year of primary school. The study was conducted using a qualitative approach which involved 30 first grade primary school teachers across Jakarta’s regions (Centre, East, West, South, and North).  The Focus Group Discussion was used as an instrument that provides a forum for teachers to describe their expectations. The study employed the Ritchie and Spencer’s qualitative analysis framework analysis approach (1994) which involved five key stages: familiarization, identifying a thematic framework, indexing, charting and mapping, and interpretation. The results showed that expected academic skills, teachers’ competency, and educational policy were the key variables that informed teachers’ expectations. The findings of this study have demonstrated that it is crucial to support teachers professional development as their knowledge and expectation may greatly affect the way teachers treat their students

Teaching Strategy in Early Childhood Education: Child-Friendly Classroom Management to Anticipate Bullying Behaviours

Bullying behaviour can have a negative impact on a child's physical and psychological health. Bullying in the classroom is a challenge for early-childhood educators. Preschool is the first place outside the home where children face social challenges when interacting with their classmates. Child-Friendly Class is the first step and part of the Children Friendly School (CSF) as a UNICEF program and an important Indonesian government policy to prevent the emergence of child bullying behaviour. This study aims to identify needs in the process of developing a Child-Friendly Classroom Management model to anticipate bullying behaviour. This research and development method uses an adaptation of the Rowntree model which includes three stages of the process and data collection techniques using interviews, questionnaires, and observation. The results of this study indicate that the preparation of an effective classroom management guidebook to create child-friendly classes needs to be followed up immediately. Several findings related to teachers' perceptions of classroom management, and child-friendly classes prove that child-friendly classes have not been implemented properly in PAUD institutions, with bullying behaviour still appearing in early childhood in PAUD institutions. PAUD teachers understand that it is important to implement classroom management but so far there has been no manual on how to manage effective classrooms as well as training related to the implementation of effective classroom management. The creation of child-friendly classes is believed to be able to help teachers suppress the emergence of bullying behaviour in early childhood. Keywords: Child-Friendly Classroom Management, Bullying Prevention, Early Childhood Education References: Allday, R. A., Hinkson-Lee, K., Hudson, T. M., Neilsen-Gatti, S., Kleinke, A., & Russel, C. S. (2012). Training General Educators to Increase Behavior-Specific Praise: Effects on Students with EBD. Behavioral Disorders, 37, 87–98. Alsaker, F. D., & Valkanover, S. (2012). The Bernese Program against Victimization in Kindergarten and Elementary School. New Directions for Youth Development, 2012(133), 15–28. https://doi.org/10.1002/yd.20004 Arseneault, L., Walsh, E., Trzesniewski, K., Newcombe, R., Caspi, A., & Moffitt, T. E. (2006). Bullying Victimization Uniquely Contributes to Adjustment Problems in Young Children: A Nationally Representative Cohort Study. PEDIATRICS, 118(1), 130–138. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2005-2388 Benedict, E., Horner, R. H., & Squires, J. (2007). Assessment and Implementation of Positive Behavior Support in Preschools. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 27, 174–192. Boz, Y. (2008). Turkish student teachers’ concerns about teaching. European Journal of Teacher Education, 31(4), 367–377. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619760802420693 Bradshaw, C. P., & Johnson, R. M. (2011). The Social Context of Bullying and Peer Victimization: An Introduction to the Special Issue. Journal of School Violence, 10(2), 107–114. https://doi.org/10.1080/15388220.2011.557145 Bradshaw, C. P., Sawyer, A. L., & O’Brennan, L. M. (2009). A Social Disorganization Perspective on Bullying-Related Attitudes and Behaviors: The Influence of School Context. American Journal of Community Psychology, 43(3–4), 204–220. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-009-9240-1 Bullock, J. R. (2002). Bullying among Children. Childhood Education, 78(3), 130–133. https://doi.org/10.1080/00094056.2002.10522721 Çobanoğlu, F., Ayvaz-Tuncel, Z., & Ordu, A. (2018). Child-friendly Schools: An Assessment of Secondary Schools. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 6(3), 466–477. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2018.060313 Cothran, D. J., Kulinna, P. H., & Garrahy, D. A. (2003). “This is kind of giving a secret away...”: Students’ perspectives on effective class management. Teaching and Teacher Education, 19(4), 435–444. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0742-051X(03)00027-1 Cross, D., Monks, H., Hall, M., Shaw, T., Pintabona, Y., Erceg, E., Hamilton, G., Roberts, C., Waters, S., & Lester, L. (2011). Three‐year results of the Friendly Schools whole‐of‐school intervention on children’s bullying behaviour. British Educational Research Journal, 37(1), 105–129. https://doi.org/10.1080/01411920903420024 Cross, D., Pintabona, Y., Hall, M., Hamilton, G., & Erceg, E. (2004). Validated Guidelines for School-Based Bullying Prevention and Management. International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, 6(3), 34–42. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623730.2004.9721937 Cross, D., Runions, K. C., Shaw, T., Wong, J. W. Y., Campbell, M., Pearce, N., Burns, S., Lester, L., Barnes, A., & Resnicow, K. (2019). Friendly Schools Universal Bullying Prevention Intervention: Effectiveness with Secondary School Students. International Journal of Bullying Prevention, 1(1), 45–57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42380-018-0004-z Evertson, C. M., & Weinstein, C. S. (2012). Handbook of Classroom Management: Research, Practice, and Contemporary Issues. Fox, B. H., Farrington, D. P., & Ttofi, M. M. (2012). Successful Bullying Prevention Programs: Influence of Research Design, Implementation Features, and Program Components. Research Design, 6, 10. Georgiou, S. N. (2008). Bullying and victimization at school: The role of mothers. The British Journal of Educational Psychology, 78 Pt 1, 109–125. Hammarberg, T. (1998). A School for Children with Rights. UNICEF International Child Development Centre. Hymel, S., & Swearer, S. M. (2015). Four decades of research on school bullying: An introduction. American Psychologist, 70(4), 293–299. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038928 Johansen, A., Little, S. G., & Akin-Little, A. (2011). An Examination of New Zealand Teachers’ Attributions and Perceptions of Behaviour, Classroom Management, and the Level of Formal Teacher Training Received in Behaviour Management. King, E. (2020). Implications for the child friendly schools policy within Cambodia’s cultural and primary school context. Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 48(4), 375–388. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359866X.2019.1645811 Kirves, L., & Sajaniemi, N. (2012). Bullying in early educational settings. Early Child Development and Care,182(3–4), 383–400. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2011.646724 MacSuga, A. S., & Simonsen, B. (2011). Increasing Teachers’ Use of Evidence-Based Classroom Management Strategies through Consultation: Overview and Case Studies. Beyond Behavior, 20, 4–12. Maida, P. (2006). Child-Friendly-School-Manual. UNICEF. Modipane, M., & Themane, M. (2014). Teachers’ social capital as a resource for curriculum development: Lessons learnt in the implementation of a Child-Friendly Schools programme. South African Journal of Education, 34(4), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.15700/201412052105 Monks, C. P., Smith, P. K., & Swettenham, J. (2005). Psychological correlates of peer victimisation in preschool: Social cognitive skills, executive function and attachment profiles. Aggressive Behavior, 31(6), 571–588. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.20099 Olweus, D. (1994). Bullying at School: Basic Facts and Effects of a School Based Intervention Program. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 35(7), 1171–1190. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1994.tb01229.x O’Neill, S. C., & Stephenson, J. (2011). Classroom behaviour management preparation in undergraduate primary teacher education in Australia: A web-based investigation. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 36(10). https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2011v36n10.3 O’Neill, S., & Stephenson, J. (2012). Does classroom management coursework influence pre-service teachers’ perceived preparedness or confidence? Teaching and Teacher Education, 28(8), 1131–1143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2012.06.008 Osher, D., Kelly, D. L., Tolani-Brown, N., Shors, L., & Chen, C.-S. (2009). American Institutes for Research 1000 Thomas Jefferson Street , NW Washington, DC 20007-3835. 13. Perren, S., Stadelmann, S., & Von Klitzing, K. (2009). Child and family characteristics as risk factors for peer victimization in kindergarten. Swiss Journal of Educational Research, 36(1), 13–32. https://doi.org/10.24452/sjer.36.1.4806 Reinke, W. M., Lewis-Palmer, T., & Merrell, K. (2008). The Classroom Check-up: A Classwide Teacher Consultation Model for Increasing Praise and Decreasing Disruptive Behavior. School Psychology Review, 37(3), 315–332. PubMed. Repo, L., & Sajaniemi, N. (2015). Prevention of bullying in early educational settings: Pedagogical and organisational factors related to bullying. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 23(4), 461–475. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350293X.2015.1087150 Rigby, K. (2003). Consequences of Bullying in Schools. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 48(9), 583–590. https://doi.org/10.1177/070674370304800904 Rowntree, D. (1994). Preparing Materials for Open, Distance and Flexible Learning: An Action Guide for Teachers and Trainers. Kogan Page. https://books.google.com.jm/books?id=6Tf1kH6MQZ0C Sainio, M., Veenstra, R., Huitsing, G., & Salmivalli, C. (2011). Victims and their defenders: A dyadic approach. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 35(2), 144–151. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165025410378068 Salmivalli, C. (2002). Is there an age decline in victimization by peers at school? Educational Research, 44(3), 269–277. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131880210135331 Saracho, O. (2016). Contemporary Perspectives on Research on Bullying and Victimization in Early Childhood Education. Information Age Publishing, Incorporated. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=dalCDQAAQBAJ Saracho, O. N. (2017). Bullying Prevention Strategies in Early Childhood Education. Early Childhood Education Journal, 45(4), 453–460. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-016-0793-y Sempowicz, T., & Hudson, P. (2011). Analysing Mentoring Dialogues for Developing a Preservice Teacher’s Classroom Management Practices. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 36(8). https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2011v36n8.4 Smith, J. D., Schneider, B. H., Smith, P. K., & Ananiadou, K. (2004). The Effectiveness of Whole-School Antibullying Programs: A Synthesis of Evaluation Research. School Psychology Review, 33, 547–560. Sourander, A., Ronning, J., Brunstein-Klomek, A., Gyllenberg, D., Kumpulainen, K., Niemelä, S., Helenius, H., Sillanmäki, L., Ristkari, T., Tamminen, T., Moilanen, I., Piha, J., & Almqvist, F. (2009). Childhood Bullying Behavior and Later Psychiatric Hospital and Psychopharmacologic Treatment. ARCH GEN PSYCHIATRY, 66(9), 9. Tauber, R. T. (2007). Classroom Management: Sound Theory and Effective Practice. Praeger Publishers. https://books.google.la/books?id=XiQFyR41kysC Ttofi, M. M., & Farrington, D. P. (2011). Effectiveness of school-based programs to reduce bullying: A systematic and meta-analytic review. Journal of Experimental Criminology, 7(1), 27–56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-010-9109-1 Ttofi, M. M., & Farrington, D. P. (2012). Bullying prevention programs: The importance of peer intervention, disciplinary methods and age variations. Journal of Experimental Criminology, 8(4), 443–462. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-012-9161-0 Unal, Z., & Unal, A. (2012). The Impact of Years of Teaching Experience on the Classroom Management Approaches of Elementary School Teachers. International Journal of Instruction, 5, 41–60. UNICEF. (2007). Implementation Handbook for The Convention on The Rights of The Child (3th Edition). UNICEF. Vaillancourt, T., McDougall, P., Hymel, S., Krygsman, A., Miller, J., Stiver, K., & Davis, C. (2008). Bullying: Are researchers and children/youth talking about the same thing? International Journal of Behavioral Development, 32(6), 486–495. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165025408095553 Vlachou, M., Andreou, E., Botsoglou, K., & Didaskalou, E. (2011). Bully/Victim Problems Among Preschool Children: A Review of Current Research Evidence. Educational Psychology Review, 23(3), 329–358. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-011-9153-z Vlachou, M., Botsoglou, K., & Andreou, E. (2014). Bullying/Victimization in Preschool Children. https://doi.org/10.13140/2.1.5086.1764 Vreeman, R. C., & Carroll, A. E. (2007). A systematic review of school-based interventions to prevent bullying. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 161 1, 78–88. Witvliet, M., Olthof, T., Hoeksma, J. B., Goossens, F. A., Smits, M. S. I., & Koot, H. M. (2010). Peer Group Affiliation of Children: The Role of Perceived Popularity, Likeability, and Behavioral Similarity in Bullying. Social Development, 19(2), 285–303. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9507.2009.00544.x Yaşar, M. (2017). Adaptation of General System Theory and Structural Family Therapy Approach to Classroom Management in Early Childhood Education* *. 32. &nbsp

Akulturasi Stress Siswa Mutasi dari Sekolah di Luar Negeri

ACCULTURATION OF MUTATIONAL STRESS STUDENTS FROM SCHOOLS OF FOREIGN COUNTRY. The aims of this study was to obtain the results of the research acculturation emphasizes student transfer from overseas schools in the international class XI program of Bosowa Al Azhar Cilegon, Banten High School. The researcher used two research methods namely qualitative method with indept interview, observation and using a questionnaire from the Acculturative Stress Scale for International Students (ASSIS) and open questions as data reinforcement, all students reported stress acculturation. Interestingly, however, responding to open questions asks students to consider themselves to increase pressure related to opposition, feelings of feelings, and academic problems. The question that was asked between interviews, observation, ASSIS and open questions discussed the questions of international class XI students at Bosowa Al Azhar Cilegon, Banten secondary school and drew attention when developing complementary planning for the purposes of the study. The results of this study are that this study is single data, both of these international class students, respectively, use Quartil in calculating the statistics. Quartil is the calculation of statistical data for research in which the data is single, not in groups. The whole correct answer for ASSIS 36-item is 180. Journal of ASY score results is 128 and MKB is 112. Accessible by ASY depends on high category and MKB depends on high category

Keterlibatan Orang Tua dalam Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh pada Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini

Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh disebut pembelajaran jarak jauh (distance learning), untuk membedakan dengan sistem pembelajaran jarak dekat atau pembelajaran tatap muka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan keterlibatan orang tua pada PJJ; menganalisis pengaruh faktor demografi terhadap keterlibatan orang tua dalam PJJ; serta menganalis uji perbedaan antara orang tua pada siswa TK-A dan TK-B. Metode penelitian kuantitatif. Sampel peneltian adalah orang tua siswa pada TK-A dan TK-B di TK Tarakanita, Jakarta Timur. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui survei, dengan instrumen penelitian kuesioner. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif, analisis regresi linear berganda dengan menggunakan ordinary least square (OLS) dengan perangkat lunak IBM SPSS, serta uji beda dengan menggunakan Kruskal-Willis Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat keterlibatan orang tua pada PJJ sudah relatif baik; faktor demografi mempengaruhi keterlibatan orang tua; serta tidak terdapat perbedaan keterlibatan orang tua pada TK-A dan TK-B di TK Tarakanita, Jakarta Timu

Peningkatan Kemampuan Bicara Anak melalui Bermain Peran Berbasis Budaya

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan bicara bahasa indonesia anak di TK Ardiliana Amalia Palembang kelompok B2. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan (Action Research). Subjek penelitian di TK Ardiliana Amalia kelompok B2 berjumlah 18 anak,. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya peningkatan kemampuan bicara bahasa Indonesia anak melalui penerapan kegiatan bermain peran. Pada siklus pertama kemampuan bicara bahasa Indonesia anak mengalami peningkatan dari 1 anak yang hanya dapat memahami bahasa indoensia menjadi menjadi menjadi 9 anak. Pada siklus kedua kemampuan bicara bahasa Indonesia anak meningkat kembali dari 9 anak menjadi 14 anak. Berdasarkan kesepakatan antara peneliti dengan kolabolator bahwa, penelitian dikatakan berhasil jika mencapai 71% dari jumlah anak yaitu 13 dari 18 anak mencapai TCP minimal yang ditentukan bersama kolabolator maka penelitianpun dihentikan. Adapun indikator yang digunakan yaitu aspek pelafalan, kosakata, kelancaran, dan pemahaman. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahawa penerapan kegiatan bermain peran dapat meningkatkan kemampuan bicara bahasa Indonesia ana

The Development of Self Help Book for Counseling Guidance’s Teacher Experiencing Burnout Symptoms with Counseling Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Self help book is believed as an alternative method to help someone in order to help himself dealing with the psychological problems that they had experienced. One of the psychological problems which very vulnerable to be experienced by someone that working is emersion of burnout symptoms. The researcher has interviewed Counseling Guidance’s (BK) teacher to find the factor that caused emersion of burnout symptoms of work, from the interview some informations has gathered about the causes of Counseling Guidance's teacher experienced burnout symptoms, among others because the number of Counseling Guidance teachers in the school with an unbalanced number of students and unclear duties and roles assigned to Counseling Guidance teachers. Other that, there were many Counseling Guidance teachers did not have an appropriate knowledge with the qualification that have been determined. Every individual has a different level of burnout symptoms and the impact that they experienced was also different. The level of burnout symptoms could be reduced or even eliminated by determining the appropriate method, one of them by counseling approach of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) using guided imagery technique

Kemandirian dan Kedisplinan Anak yang Diasuh oleh Orangtua Pengganti

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencermati kemandirian dan kedisplinan anak usia 4-6 tahun yang diasuh oleh orangtua pengganti. Subyek penelitian adalah kakek dan nenek yang berperan sebagai orangtua pengganti. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan hasil catatan lapangan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah model Campbell. Pemeriksaan keabsahan data dilakukan dengan perpanjangan keikutsertaan, ketekunan pengamatan dan triangulasi. Temuan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemandirian dan kedisplinan pada anak usia 4-6 tahun di dibentuk oleh pola pengasuhan orangtua pengganti. Orangtua pengganti menanamkan sikap mandiri kepada anak membiarkan anak melakukan aktivitas sehari-harinya sendiri seperti makan, mandi, me rapihkan tempat tidur, memakai seragam, memakai sepatu dan kesekolahpun sendiri. Kesimpulannya bahwa anak yang mandiri dan disiplin tidak bisa terbentuk sendiri atau tidak terjadi begitu saja tanpa adanya stimulasi dari orangtua

PELATIHAN MERANCANG KEGIATAN DAN ALAT PERMAINAN EDUKATIF UNTUK MATEMATIKA AWAL

Abstract. Training activities are one way that can be done to improve the competence of educators in terms of knowledge and skills. The training activities are accompanied by workshops to provide experience and opportunities for educators in implementing various information obtained from training activities. Thus, to overcome the problem of the limited competence of early childhood educators, especially related to the learning strategy and the making of educational play media tools, training was held which included the preparation and development of an initial mathematics learning stimulation program. The steps implemented in this community service program are as follows: preparation, initial observation,  implementation, evaluation, reporting. In the first year, the activities will focus on the implementation of training programs for PAUD teachers, while in the second year there will be a mentoring program for teachers to design initial mathematics learning activities by making educational play tools using natural media.       Abstrak. Kegiatan pelatihan merupakan salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi pendidik dalam hal pengetahuan dan ketrampilan. Kegiatan pelatihan ini disertai dengan kegiatan workshop untuk memberikan pengalaman dan kesempatan bagi pendidik dalam mengimplementasikan berbagai informasi yang diperoleh dari kegiatan pelatihan. Dengan demikian, untuk mengatasi masalah tentang keterbatasan kompetensi pendidik PAUD khususnya terkait dengan strategi pembelajaran dan pembuatan media alat permainan edukatif, maka diselenggarakan pelatihan yang mencakup penyusunan dan pengembangan program stimulasi pembelajaran matematika awal. Langkah-langkah yang diterapkan dalam program pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah sebagai berikut: persiapan,  observasi awal, pelaksanaan, evaluasi, pelaporan. Pada tahun pertama, kegiatan akan berfokus pada pelaksanaan program pelatihan bagi guru PAUD, sedangkan di tahun kedua akan dilaksanakan program pendampingan bagi guru untuk merancang kegiatan pembelajaran matematika awal dengan membuat alat permainan edukatif yang menggunakan media bahan alam

PEMAHAMAN GURU PRASEKOLAH RAUDHATUL ATHFAL TENTANG KESIAPAN SEKOLAH ANAK

Preschool teachers including Raudhatul Athfal (RA) teachers have an important role in building children's school readiness. The purpose of this research is to find out to what extend RA teachers’ understanding about children’s school readiness. The research was conducted by using qualitative approaches. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to all RA teachers in Langsa. The results show that teachers understand school readiness as a child's readiness to continue school based on the age, independence in daily activities, and the ability to write, read and count. Activities implemented by RA teachers in building children's school readiness by playing, singing, and field trips while materials used such as colors, props, cards, and beams. Teachers assessed children’s school readiness by observing daily activities and evaluating of student’s work. Family factors are considered as a major impact on children's school readiness. Recommendation are made in term of findings is planning some intervention to improve teacher's understanding on children's school readiness concept.   Keywords: school readiness, children’s shool readiness, preshcool teacher, preparedness program.     Guru prasekolah termasuk guru Raudhatul Athfal (RA) memiliki peran penting dalam membangun kesiapan sekolah anak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pemahaman guru RA tentang kesiapan sekolah anak. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada seluruh guru RA di Kota Langsa. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa guru memahami kesiapan sekolah sebagai kesiapan anak untuk melanjutkan sekolah berdasarkan usia, kemandirian dalam melakukan aktivitas harian, serta kemampuan dalam hal menulis, membaca dan berhitung. Kegiatan yang dilakukan guru RA dalam membangun kesiapan sekolah anak meliputi bermain, bernyanyi, dan field trip dengan material berupa warna, alat peraga, kartu, dan balok. Guru menilai kesiapan sekolah anak dengan melakukan observasi harian dan evaluasi hasil karya. Faktor keluarga dianggap yang memberi pengaruh besar dalam hal kesiapan sekolah anak. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini agar adanya tindakan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman guru terhadap konsep kesiapan sekolah anak.   Kata kunci: Kesiapan sekolah, Kesiapan sekolah anak usia dini, guru prasekolah, program persiapan.   &nbsp