Trump and an Anti-Immigrant Climate: Implications for Latinx Undergraduates

Historically minoritized students regularly report hostile campus climates and cultures, but the election of Donald J. Trump and the rise of conservative guest speakers on campuses have contributed to greater unrest. Using campus climate and culture literature as a framework, this paper investigates the impact of anti-Latinx rhetoric and race/ethnic unconscious policies on Latinx undergraduates. Findings from focus groups highlight eight themes: 1) Power of Political Rhetoric and Trump, 2) Coded Language, 3) Unsafe Academic Spaces, 4) Racialization of Immigration as a Latinx/Chicanx Issue, 5) Burnout, Stress, and Racial Battle Fatigue, 6) Balancing Academic Commitments and Social Activism, 7) The Reactive University, and 8) Students Doing the Work of the Administration. This study adds to this body of research by offering a peek into the future of campus climate under a Trump presidency and challenges assumptions that we live in a “color-blind” era

Manejo del Síndrome Hipertensivo Gestacional en las embarazadas atendidas en el Hospital escuela regional asunción Juigalpa en el período comprendido de Enero a Mayo del año 2019 según la normativa 109

En la mayoría de las mujeres la maternidad es una experiencia positiva y satisfactoria; es una experiencia de vida, pero en ocasiones se convierte en una experiencia de muerte. El Síndrome Hipertensivo Gestacional (SHG) constituye una patología compleja, cuya etiología se ha intentado explicar a través de múltiples teorías, pero que resulta aún desconocida. Los Síndromes Hipertensivos del embarazo muestran una incidencia muy variable, que va del 1 al 2% en la población general, y se eleva del 5 al 10% cuando son estudiadas muestras hospitalarias. La enfermedad afecta a 7 de cada 100 embarazos y 5% de ellos desarrollan eclampsia. La hipertensión arterial es una complicación común del embarazo y con importantes riesgos para la madre y el feto. Donde lograr una farmacoterapia eficaz y racional cobra mucha importancia, pues se involucra tanto a la madre como al feto. Para su adecuada atención se requiere además de un certero diagnóstico, una correcta medición de la cifra de presión arterial y clasificación conveniente de la HTA, con los consiguientes riesgos que de ellos se pueda derivar. Además de la selección adecuada e individual de los medicamentos antihipertensivos y otros medicamentos que según el estado de salud general de estas pacientes de riesgo pudieran ser indicados. Sin embargo, todos estos aspectos actualmente divergen según el criterio de numerosos autores. Lo anterior explica los grandes esfuerzos que diversos organismos de renombre internacional, han hecho para definir normas para la atención de la enfermedad hipertensiva gestacional, con el propósito de facilitar y mejorar el abordaje de las distintas presentaciones clínicas, y así reducir la alta incidencia de complicaciones durante el embarazo. (MINSA, 2018

Bidirectional switch of the valence associated with a hippocampal contextual memory engram

The valence of memories is malleable because of their intrinsic reconstructive property. This property of memory has been used clinically to treat maladaptive behaviours. However, the neuronal mechanisms and brain circuits that enable the switching of the valence of memories remain largely unknown. Here we investigated these mechanisms by applying the recently developed memory engram cell- manipulation technique. We labelled with channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) a population of cells in either the dorsal dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus or the basolateral complex of the amygdala (BLA) that were specifically activated during contextual fear or reward conditioning. Both groups of fear-conditioned mice displayed aversive light-dependent responses in an optogenetic place avoidance test, whereas both DG- and BLA-labelled mice that underwent reward conditioning exhibited an appetitive response in an optogenetic place preference test. Next, in an attempt to reverse the valence of memory within a subject, mice whose DG or BLA engram had initially been labelled by contextual fear or reward conditioning were subjected to a second conditioning of the opposite valence while their original DG or BLA engram was reactivated by blue light. Subsequent optogenetic place avoidance and preference tests revealed that although the DG-engram group displayed a response indicating a switch of the memory valence, the BLA-engram group did not. This switch was also evident at the cellular level by a change in functional connectivity between DG engram-bearing cells and BLA engram-bearing cells. Thus, we found that in the DG, the neurons carrying the memory engram of a given neutral context have plasticity such that the valence of a conditioned response evoked by their reactivation can be reversed by re-associating this contextual memory engram with a new unconditioned stimulus of an opposite valence. Our present work provides new insight into the functional neural circuits underlying the malleability of emotional memory.RIKEN Brain Science InstituteHoward Hughes Medical InstituteJPB FoundationNational Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Pre-doctoral Training Grant T32GM007287

The effect of an individualized in-service program on teacher questioning and student verbal participation

Purposes of the Study. The purposes of this study were (1) to determine the extent to which kindergarten and first-grade teachers employed higher level cognitive operations prior to, during, and after individual instruction; (2) to determine the degree of teacher-pupil verbal interaction prior to, during, and after individual instruction; and (3) to determine the extent to which selected materials and learning activities helped the kindergarten and first-grade teachers employ higher level cognitive operations and elicit more student verbal participation. Sources of Data and Procedures. An analysis was made of the oral discourse of the Greater Houston area Lutheran kindergarten and first-grade religion classes using Sanders' taxonomy of questions prior to, during, and after an individualized in-service program. The study consisted of thirty-four teachers teaching 694 pupils who were in twenty different Lutheran schools. The teachers were divided into two groups with seventeen in the experimental group and seventeen in the control group. The teachers recorded on tape the oral discourse of their religion lessons prior to, during, and after the in-service program. After the lessons were analyzed, the teachers were given suggestions for improving the lessons. All teachers in both groups were engaged in the same type of in-service program. Each received written individual suggestions; however, the experimental teachers received two additional hours of individual oral instruction. This individualized in-service program was called the MODIPAK Instructional Program.Education, College o

One night upon the radio I listened to a certain show [first line of chorus]

Performers: Rudy Vallee and Major Edward BowesPiano, Voice and Chord

Identification of a direct GABAergic pallidocortical pathway in rodents

The basal ganglia, interacting with the cortex, play a critical role in a range of behaviors. Output from the basal ganglia to the cortex is thought to relay through the thalamus, yet an intriguing alternative is that the basal ganglia may directly project to, and communicate with, the cortex. We explored an efferent projection from the globus pallidus externa (GPe), a key hub in the basal ganglia system, to the cortex of rats and mice. Anterograde and retrograde tracing revealed projections to the frontal premotor cortex, especially the deep projecting layers, originating from GPe neurons that receive axonal inputs from the dorsal striatum. Cre-dependent anterograde tracing in GPe Vgat-ires-cre mice confirmed that the pallidocortical projection is GABAergic, and in vitro optogenetic stimulation in the cortex of these projections produced a fast inhibitory postsynaptic current in targeted cells that was abolished by bicucculine. The pallidocortical projections targeted GABAergic interneurons and, to a lesser extent, pyramidal neurons. This GABAergic pallidocortical pathway directly links the basal ganglia and cortex and may play a key role in behavior and cognition in normal and disease states

Infusion of mature megakaryocytes into mice yields functional platelets

Thrombopoiesis, the process by which circulating platelets arise from megakaryocytes, remains incompletely understood. Prior studies suggest that megakaryocytes shed platelets in the pulmonary vasculature. To better understand thrombopoiesis and to develop a potential platelet transfusion strategy that is not dependent upon donors, of which there remains a shortage, we examined whether megakaryocytes infused into mice shed platelets. Infused megakaryocytes led to clinically relevant increases in platelet numbers. The released platelets were normal in size, displayed appropriate surface markers, and had a near-normal circulating half-life. The functionality of the donor-derived platelets was also demonstrated in vivo. The infused megakaryocytes mostly localized to the pulmonary vasculature, where they appeared to shed platelets. These data suggest that it may be unnecessary to generate platelets from ex vivo grown megakaryocytes to achieve clinically relevant increases in platelet numbers