1,688 research outputs found
The Efficacy of the EUS for the Detection of Recurrent Disease in the Anastomosis of Colon
Patients who underwent surgical resection of an advanced colorectal
cancer during the period from June 1982 to July 2001 were examined
for evidence of no anastomotic recurrence or recurrent lesions
through combination of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) with
endoscopy. Included in this study were 11 patients with
recurrence and 36 patients without recurrence, 47 patients in all.
Endoscopy revealed stenosis in 81.8% of patients with ana anastomotic recurrence,
erosion including cancer exposure in 81.8% and submucosal tumor-like elevation in 45.5%. In the group of patients without recurrence it revealed stenosis in 13.9% of patients, erosion in 22.2%, and a scar-like change in 77.8%. There was a significant difference between the two groups in each change. EUS, on the other hand, revealed localized hypertrophy of the region extending from the submucosa to the mp due to edema early in the
postoperative course. The rate of definitive diagnosis with EUS was 100%, compared to 90.1% for endoscopy. The results of this study indicate that EUS is helpful in detecting
anastomotic recurrence of colorectal cancer
Islet Cell Antibodies Represent Autoimmune Response Against Several Antigens
To study the antigens involved in the islet cell
antibody (ICA) reaction we selected 30 patient
serum samples (ten in each group) positive for ICA
and one other additional autoantibody, such as
glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA),
thyrosine phosphatase antibodies (IA-2A) or insulin
autoantibodies (IAA). The serum samples were
incubated with the specific antigen (GAD65, IA-2 or
insulin) and the ICA analysis and the corresponding
immunoprecipitation assay were performed before
and after the absorption
The Diabetic Nephropathy and the Development of Hypertension in Rats
The present study was designed to examine the development
of hypertension in diabetic rats treated
with streptozotocin (STZ, 1mg/g bw). The rats were
studied at 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 weeks. From the third
week the rats were divided in diabetic rats according
their glycemias and controls, along 15 weeks. After
the third week a group, of rats showed increased urinary
protein excretion (93, 134, 155 and 191%) compared
to controls. In this group of rats the urinary
kallikrein excretion was lower than control and the
systolic blood pressure became significantly elevated
between 3 and 6 weeks and persisted up to 15 weeks.
On the other hand a group of diabetic rats were normotensive
with urinary protein excretion similar to
controls and urinary kallikrein lower compared to
control but significantly higher compared diabetic
hypertensive rats. These data suggest that the association
of progressive diabetic nephropathy with abnormal
endothelium-dependent vasodilation may
produce a high prevalence of hypertensive diabetes
The oral mucosal and salivary microbial community of Behçet's syndrome and recurrent aphthous stomatitis.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Behçet's syndrome (BS) is a multisystem immune-related disease of unknown etiology. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is characterized by the presence of idiopathic oral ulceration without extraoral manifestation. The interplay between the oral microbial communities and the immune response could play an important role in the etiology and pathogenesis of both BS and RAS
Providing effective trauma care: the potential for service provider views to enhance the quality of care (qualitative study nested within a multicentre longitudinal quantitative study)
Objective: To explore views of service providers caring for injured people on: the extent to which services meet patients’ needs and their perspectives on factors contributing to any identified gaps in service provision
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Which primary care practitioners have poor human papillomavirus (HPV) knowledge? A step towards informing the development of professional education initiatives
Background: Primary care practitioners (PCP) play key roles in cervical cancer prevention. Human papillomavirus (HPV) knowledge is an important influence on PCPs’ cervical cancer prevention-related behaviours. We investigated HPV knowledge, and associated factors, among general practitioners (GPs) and practice nurses.
Methods: A survey, including factual questions about HPV infection and vaccination, was mailed to GPs and practice nurses in Ireland. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine which PCPs had low knowledge (questions correctly answered: infection ≤5/11; vaccination: ≤4/10). Questions least often answered correctly were identified.
Results: 697 PCPs participated. For HPV infection, GPs and practice nurses answered a median of nine and seven questions correctly, respectively (p⅓ of PCPs.
Conclusions: There are important limitations in HPV infection and vaccination knowledge among PCPs. By identifying factors associated with poor knowledge, and areas of particular uncertainty, these results can inform development of professional education initiatives thereby ensuring women have access to uniformly high-quality HPV-related information and advice
Author(s): Elina Lahelma Source
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Can the collective intentions of individual professionals within healthcare teams predict the team's performance : developing methods and theory
Background: Within implementation research, using theory-based approaches to understanding the behaviours of healthcare professionals and the quality of care that they reflect and designing interventions to change them is being promoted. However, such approaches lead to a new range of methodological and theoretical challenges pre-eminent among which are how to appropriately relate predictors of individual's behaviour to measures of the behaviour of healthcare professionals .The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the theory of planned behaviour proximal predictors of behaviour (intention and perceived behavioural control, or PBC) and practice level behaviour. This was done in the context of two clinical behaviours – statin prescription and foot examination – in the management of patients with diabetes mellitus in primary care. Scores for the predictor variables were aggregated over healthcare professionals using four methods: simple mean of all primary care team members' intention scores; highest intention score combined with PBC of the highest intender in the team; highest intention score combined with the highest PBC score in the team; the scores (on both constructs) of the team member identified as having primary responsibility for the clinical behaviour.
Methods: Scores on theory-based cognitive variables were collected by postal questionnaire survey from a sample of primary care doctors and nurses from northeast England and the Netherlands. Data on two clinical behaviours were patient reported, and collected by postal questionnaire survey. Planned analyses explored the predictive value of various aggregations of intention and PBC in explaining variance in the behavioural data.
Results: Across the two countries and two behaviours, responses were received from 37 to 78% of healthcare professionals in 57 to 93% practices; 51% (UK) and 69% (Netherlands) of patients surveyed responded. None of the aggregations of cognitions predicted statin prescription. The highest intention in the team (irrespective of PBC) was a significant predictor of foot examination
Conclusion: These approaches to aggregating individually-administered measures may be a methodological advance of theoretical importance. Using simple means of individual-level measures to explain team-level behaviours is neither theoretically plausible nor empirically supported; the highest intention was both predictive and plausible. In studies aiming to understand the behaviours of teams of healthcare professionals in managing chronic diseases, some sort of aggregation of measures from individuals is necessary. This is not simply a methodological point, but a necessary step in advancing the theoretical and practical understanding of the processes that lead to implementation of clinical behaviours within healthcare teams
Leptin in Children with Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes: Effect of Insulin Therapy
Leptin, the gene product of adipose tissue that signals
caloric plentitude via central nervous system
receptors, may also have diverse peripheral metabolic
actions. Of paramount interest has been the
potential interaction(s) between leptin and insulin.
Insofar as insulin alters leptin secretion/action (or
vice versa), dysregulation of this system could contribute
to disease states such as diabetes
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