La ética como estrategia de la razón

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Breve revista de la recepción de la teoría de Gauthier en la filosofía española

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Does impartial reasoning matter in economic decisions? An experimental result about distributive (un)fairness in a production context

The Rawlsian social contract presents the veil of ignorance as a thought experiment that should induce agents to behave more fairly within a distributive context. This study uses a laboratory experiment to test the effect of actual reasoning behind the veil, as a moral cue, in a Dictator Game with taking and production. The main hypothesis claims that reflection from an impartial perspective should lead subjects to put themselves in the shoes of who could be the least benefited. Against our expectations, the impact of the moral cue was null and no attempt to rebalance the unjustified differences was observed

Book review of Roberto Augusto: El nacionalismo, ¡vaya timo!

Recensión del libro de Roberto Augusto: El nacionalismo, ¡vaya timo! Pamplona, Editorial Laetoli, 2012 (133 páginas).Book review of Roberto Augusto: El nacionalismo, ¡vaya timo! Pamplona, Editorial Laetoli, 2012 (133 pg.).Grupo de Investigación Antropología y Filosofía (SEJ-126). Universidad de Granad

La ética como estrategia de la razón

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El Contrato Moral : Individuo, racionalidad, acuerdo y la Teoría Etica de David Gauthier

Tesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, leída el 26-01-96La tesis presenta la filosofía moral de David Gauthier, como paradigma del contractualismo liberal contemporáneo, en su contexto histórico y sistemático y, mediante el examen de los supuestos básicos de la teoría y la critica de sus argumentos centrales, analiza sus posibilidades como modelo de justificación moral en una sociedad liberal. Entre las conclusiones de la obra destacan: la tesis de que solo el modelo de contrato desarrollado por Gauthier puede considerarse, estrictamente, una teoría moral contractual (frente a las pretensiones de otras teorías neocontractualistas); la tesis de que, al menos, el papel del mercado como zona exenta de moralidad, la estructura de la teoría de la negociación racional, y la idea de maximización restringida (todos ellos elementos de la teoría de Gauthier) necesitan ser re- formulados, pero que cabe hacerlo en términos que mantienen el sentido de la teoría; y, por fin, se avanza la hipótesis de que la idea de un contrato moral pueda servir como modelo para una ética mínima en una sociedad democrática y pluralDepto. de Filosofía y SociedadFac. de FilosofíaTRUEpu

Analysis of the Performance of a Passive Downdraught Evaporative Cooling System Driven by Solar Chimneys in a Residential Building by Using an Experimentally Validated TRNSYS Model

[EN] Natural ventilation, combined with a passive cooling system, can provide significant energy savings in the refrigeration of indoor spaces. The performance of these systems is highly dependent on outdoor climatic conditions. The objective of this study was to analyse the feasibility of a passive, downdraught, evaporative cooling system driven by solar chimneys in different climatic zones by using an experimentally validated simulation tool. This tool combined a ventilation model and a thermal model of the dwelling in which an empirical model of a direct evaporative system made of plastic mesh was implemented. For experimental validation of the combined model, sensors were installed in the dwelling and calibrated in the laboratory. The combined model was applied to Spanish and European cities with different climates. In the simulation, values of cooling energy per volume of air ranging between 0.53 Wh/m(3) and 0.79 Wh/m(3) were obtained for Alicante (hot climate with moderate humidity) and Madrid (hot and dry climate), respectively. In these locations, medium and high applicability was obtained, respectively, in comparison with Burgos (cold climate with moderate humidity) and Bilbao (cold and humid climate), which were low. The evaluation of the reference building in each location allowed establishing a classification in terms of performance, comfort and applicability for each climate.This research was funded by FEDER/Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion Agencia Estatal de Investigacion through Spanish research projects ENE2017-83729-C3-1-R and ENE2017-83729-C3-3-R, supported by FEDER funds.Soto, A.; Martínez, P.; Soto Francés, VM.; Martínez, PJ. (2021). Analysis of the Performance of a Passive Downdraught Evaporative Cooling System Driven by Solar Chimneys in a Residential Building by Using an Experimentally Validated TRNSYS Model. Energies. 14(12):1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14123486S117141

Breve revista de la recepción de la teoría de Gauthier en la filosofía española

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Liberal egalitarian justice in the distribution of a common output. Experimental evidence and implications for effective institution design

We present an experiment that sets up a context of production of a common output obtained by using production means that are randomly and unequally distributed. Before the production phase, subjects must choose a distributive principle for the output division, under ignorance of the allocation of the production means. Subsequently, they make a distributive choice fully aware of their luck and performance. The aim of the experiment is to test, first, whether ordinary subjects in an impartial situation are capable of converging on a fair principle of distribution – able of redressing the arbitrariness of the initial production means allocation; and second, whether these same ordinary subjects are capable of actually following that principle in a real distributive choice that excludes coercion, reputation effects and other forms of social pressures. The main finding is that a distributive rule that redresses initial inequalities is both accepted ex-ante and actually applied ex-post by most individuals. Our conclusion is relevant for the issue of realism of normative theories of justice and the possibility of institution design aimed at implementing distributive justice principles and policies