Шляхи підвищення ефективності використання виробничих ресурсів сільськогосподарських підприємств

Single-phase polycrystalline samples and single crystals of the complex boride phases Ti8Fe3Ru18B8 and Ti7Fe4Ru18B8 have been synthesized by arc melting the elements. The phases were characterized by powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction as well as energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. They are new substitutional variants of the Zn11Rh18B8 structure type, space group P4/mbm (no. 127). The particularity of their crystal structure lies in the simultaneous presence of dumbbells which form ladders of magnetically active iron atoms along the [001] direction and two additional mixed iron/titanium chains occupying Wyckoff sites 4h and 2b. The ladder substructure is ca. 3.0 Å from the two chains at the 4h, which creates the sequence chain–ladder–chain, establishing a new structural and magnetic motif, the scaffold. The other chain (at 2b) is separated by at least 6.5 Å from this scaffold. According to magnetization measurements, Ti8Fe3Ru18B8 and Ti7Fe4Ru18B8 order ferrimagnetically below 210 and 220 K, respectively, with the latter having much higher magnetic moments than the former. However, the magnetic moment observed for Ti8Fe3Ru18B8 is unexpectedly smaller than the recently reported Ti9Fe2Ru18B8 ferromagnet. The variation of the magnetic moments observed in these new phases can be adequately understood by assuming a ferrimagnetic ordering involving the three different iron sites. Furthermore, the recorded hysteresis loops indicate a semihard magnetic behavior for the two phases. The highest Hc value (28.6 kA/m), measured for Ti7Fe4Ru18B8, lies just at the border of those of hard magnetic materials

GOUVERNANCE BANCAIRE ET RENTABILITE FINANCIERE AU CAMEROUN

This work is to study the effect of the Board on the performance of institutions credit in Cameroon. More specifically, it is to evaluate how the size of the board improves bank financial profitability Cameroon on the one hand and secondly to analyze the impact of the composition of the Board on bank financial profitability in Cameroon. The contribution of this study is that it examines the impact of organizational variables, in addition to financial and macroeconomic variables, mainly focusing on the role played by the Board of Directors on the financial viability of Cameroonian banks. The key findings emerged from this empirical study indicate that the involvement of the board as head of the institution seems to be positively correlated with the return on assets of banks and negatively correlated with the profitability of banks' own funds on the reference period

Analyse Des Determinants De La Decision D’Auto-Emploi Au Cameroun

The objective of this paper is to take out again determinants of the self-employment decision in Cameroon From a sample of 23629 individuals a model of qualitative choice was estimated We notice that variables such as age sex school level marital status influence the decision of self-employment The lives place modifies significantly the decision of selfemployment The really incentive measures in the dynamic economic zones will allow to increase the employment by the creation and increasing of self-employmen

POLITIQUE MONETAIRE, STABILITE DES PRIX ET DEVELOPPEMENT DE L’ACTIVITE ECONOMIQUE114 EN ZONE CEMAC

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of the conflict between the objectives of price stability and that of employment in the CEMAC zone that caught the fight against inflation as its major economic objective. Writers such as Phillips (1958), Lucas (1972), Okun (1970), Nupukpo (2002) worked on the relationship between monetary policy and its purpose and economic activity. The data come from the World Bank, in World Development Indicators contained, in CD-ROM (WDI-2013), BEAC (Activity Reports BEAC). Working for the periods 1977-1994, 1995-2012 and 1977-2012. The analysis was done with a dynamic panel that has the distinction of being among the independent variables, the endogenous variable lagged one or more periods. The three endogenous variables are the inflation rate, the growth rate and the employment rate. The estimation method used is that of Arellano and Bond (1991); it has the advantage of correcting the bias that comes from the correlation between the lagged endogenous variable and the error term. The results show that the effects of monetary policy on economic activity (growth and employment) are mixed because the exchange rate is transmitted to inflation, monetary policy has no effect on inflation but in the economic activity. Inflation has its main source in trade with the outside and does not stimulate the economy. This economic activity is slowed by the sources of inflation, growth and employment have a negative effect on each other. While the causes of inflation are no longer those of external trade, the economy will be better in the CEMAC zone. For best contribution of monetary policy to economic activity, it is good to avoid the high variability of the interest rate that creates an unexpected or difficult and volatile inflation

Highly efficient spin-orbit torque and switching of layered ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2

Among van der Waals (vdW) layered ferromagnets, Fe3GeTe2 (FGT) is an excellent candidate material to form FGT/heavy metal heterostructures for studying the effect of spin-orbit torques (SOT). Its metallicity, strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy built in the single atomic layers, relatively high Curie temperature (Tc about 225 K) and electrostatic gate tunability offer a tantalizing possibility of achieving the ultimate high SOT limit in monolayer all-vdW nanodevices. The spin current generated in Pt exerts a damping-like SOT on FGT magnetization. At about 2.5x1011 A/m2 current density,SOT causes the FGT magnetization to switch, which is detected by the anomalous Hall effect of FGT. To quantify the SOT effect, we measure the second harmonic Hall responses as the applied magnetic field rotates the FGT magnetization in the plane. Our analysis shows that the SOT efficiency is comparable with that of the best heterostructures containing three-dimensional (3D) ferromagnetic metals and much larger than that of heterostructures containing 3D ferrimagnetic insulators. Such large efficiency is attributed to the atomically flat FGT/Pt interface, which demonstrates the great potential of exploiting vdW heterostructures for highly efficient spintronic nanodevices

Molecular Analysis of the Autosomal Dominant Spastic Paraplegia Type IV (SPG4)

Reine hereditäre spastische Paraplegie (pHSP) bezeichnet eine Gruppe von relativ gutartigen neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen des Rückenmarks. Das hervorstechende klinische Symptom ist eine langsam fortschreitende Gang-Anomalität, die durch eine Spastik der Beine begründet ist. Autosomal dominante hereditäre spastische Paraplegien (ADHSP) sind die Hauptformen von pHSP und sind genetisch heterogen. Als Genorte für die reine ADHSP wurden die Chromosomen 2 (SPG4 auf 2p 21-24, SPG13 auf 2q24-34), 8 (SPG8 auf 8q23-24), 12 (SPG10 auf 12p13), 14 (SPG3 auf 14q11.2-q24.3), 15 (SPG6 auf 15q11.1), und 19 (SPG12 auf 19q13) identifiziert. Bis zum heutigen Tag wurde allein das in SPG4-Patienten mutierte SPAST-Gen kloniert und analysiert. Die Ziele dieser Dissertation sind: (1) Bestimmung des Krankheitslocus einer großen Familie mit reiner ADHSP; (2) Erstellung einer physikalischen Karte der Kandidaten-Gen-Region, um Kandidaten-Gene untersuchen zu können; (3) Untersuchung, ob CAG-Repeat-Expansionen für die Krankheitsentwicklung verantwortlich sind und (4) Suche nach neuen Mutationen im SPAST-Gen.Pure hereditary spastic paraplegias (pHSP) are relatively mild neurodegenerative disorders of the spinal cord. The predominant clinical sign is a slowly progressive gait anomaly due to spasticity of the legs. Age of onset is usually during adulthood, but varies greatly both within and between families. Autosomal dominant hereditary spastic paraplegia (ADHSP) are the major forms of pHSP and are genetically heterogeneous. The disease loci of pure ADHSP have been assigned to chromosomes 2 (SPG4 in 2p 21-24, SPG13 in 2q24-34), 8 (SPG8 in 8q23-24), 12 (SPG10 in 12p13), 14 (SPG3 in 14q11.2-q24.3), 15 (SPG6 in 15q11.1), and 19 (SPG12 in 19q13). To date, the SPG4 gene SPAST has been identified. This dissertation included (1) the determination the disease locus of a large family with pure ADHSP, (2) the construction the physical map of the candidate region as the first step to identify the disease gene, (3) the investigation of whether CAG repeat expansions were involved in the mechanism of disease, and (4) the screenings the mutation of patients with the SPAST gene

Расчет магнитного поля, созданного проводником с током в прямоугольном пазу

На основе прямого вариационного метода Канторовича получена приближенная аналитическая формула для векторного магнитного потенциала в области сечения прямоугольного паза с ферромагнитными стенками. Поле создается прямолинейным проводником с током при обычных допущениях: бесконечно большая магнитная проницаемость ферромагнитной среды и отсутствие выпучивания потока у открытой стороны паза

Contrôle De L’inflation En Regime De Change Fixe: Le Cas De La Communaute Economique Et Monetaire d’Afrique Centrale (CEMAC)

This paper focuses on the determinants of inflation under different policy rules and fixed exchange rate regime, the example of the CEMAC zone. The purpose of this paper is to check the behaviour of inflation in fixed exchange rate regime for a flexible targeting period and a period of strict targeting. The data used are mainly from the World Bank, in «the book of world development indicators» contained in the CD -ROM (WDI 2015). Working for the periods 1977-1994, 1995-2012 and 1977-2012, the analyses was done with a dynamic panel that has the distinction of being among the independent variables, the endogenous variable lagged one or more periods. The endogenous variable is the rate of inflation. Estimates made from the Arellano and Bond (1991) method, it is clear that during the period (1977- 1994) of flexible inflation targeting, money supply, trade balance and the exchange rate are the main determinants of inflation. During the period (1995-2012) of strategy of strict inflation targeting, the main determinants of inflation are the benefits of natural resources, the trade balance and the economic crisis. The determinants of inflation have opposing effects of a match type to another and it is the combination of these effects for each variable that shows the different effects of the determinants of inflation over the period. The exchange rate increased the rate of inflation over the first sub-period (1977-1994) and throughout the entire period (1977-2012). In times (1995-2012) of strict inflation targeting, these negative effects were mitigated at the expense of economic growth. Countries with fixed exchange rate regime should not adopt a strict policy of inflation targeting, but should alternate with the growth objective by facilitating financing for investments