Power control for WCDMA

This project tries to introduce itself in the physical implementations that make possible the denominated third generation mobile technology. As well as to know the technology kind that makes possible, for example, a video-call in real time. During this project, the different phases passed from the election of WCDMA like the access method for UMTS will appear. Its coexistence with previous network GSM will be analyzed, where the compatibility between systems has been one of the most important aspects in the development of WCDMA, the involved standardization organisms in the process, as well as the different protocols that make the mobile communications within a network UTRAN possible. Special emphasis during the study of the great contribution that has offered WCDMA with respect to the control of power of the existing signals will be made. The future lines that are considered in the present, and other comment that already are in their last phase of development in the field of the mobile technology. UMTS through WCDMA can be summarized like a revolution of the air interface accompanied by a revolution in the network of their architecture

Recent Trends in the Improvement of the Electrochemical Response of Screen-Printed Electrodes by Their Modification with Shaped Metal Nanoparticles

Novel sensing technologies proposed must fulfill the demands of wastewater treatment plants, the food industry, and environmental control agencies: simple, fast, inexpensive, and reliable methodologies for onsite screening, monitoring, and analysis. These represent alternatives to conventional analytical methods (ICP-MS and LC-MS) that require expensive and non-portable instrumentation. This needs to be controlled by qualified technicians, resulting moreover in a long delay between sampling and high-cost analysis. Electrochemical analysis based on screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) represents an excellent miniaturized and portable alternative due to their disposable character, good reproducibility, and low-cost commercial availability. SPEs application is widely extended, which makes it important to design functionalization strategies to improve their analytical response. In this sense, different types of nanoparticles (NPs) have been used to enhance the electrochemical features of SPEs. NPs size (1-100 nm) provides them with unique optical, mechanical, electrical, and chemical properties that give the modified SPEs increased electrode surface area, increased mass-transport rate, and faster electron transfer. Recent progress in nanoscale material science has led to the creation of reproducible, customizable, and simple synthetic procedures to obtain a wide variety of shaped NPs. This mini-review attempts to present an overview of the enhancement of the electrochemical response of SPEs when NPs with different morphologies are used for their surface modificatio

Power control for WCDMA

This project tries to introduce itself in the physical implementations that make possible the denominated third generation mobile technology. As well as to know the technology kind that makes possible, for example, a video-call in real time. During this project, the different phases passed from the election of WCDMA like the access method for UMTS will appear. Its coexistence with previous network GSM will be analyzed, where the compatibility between systems has been one of the most important aspects in the development of WCDMA, the involved standardization organisms in the process, as well as the different protocols that make the mobile communications within a network UTRAN possible. Special emphasis during the study of the great contribution that has offered WCDMA with respect to the control of power of the existing signals will be made. The future lines that are considered in the present, and other comment that already are in their last phase of development in the field of the mobile technology. UMTS through WCDMA can be summarized like a revolution of the air interface accompanied by a revolution in the network of their architecture

Effects of Earthquakes on Buildings in the Ibero-Maghrebian Region

The types of damage caused by earthquakes in buildings are closely related to the design and building techniques with which they have been built and the quality of the construction materials used. Most of countries with moderate to high seismic risk areas have implemented earthquake-resistant standards to prevent the collapse of buildings and minimize the severity of the damage. However, every new strong shake that occurs around the world reveals bad construction practices that could have been avoided, and the inadequacy or non-existence of earthquake-resistant standards aimed at reducing vulnerability to non-catastrophic levels. Based on the EMS-98 scale, in this chapter we will analyze three case studies of the Ibero-Maghrebian region that have been using similar construction patterns with similar catastrophic results for buildings despite the different dates in which they occurred and the different earthquake-resistant standards: SW Cape St. Vincent earthquake of February 28, 1969; Al Hoceima earthquake of February 24, 2004; and Lorca earthquake of May 11, 2011

Mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of retinitis pigmentosa: short review

The management of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and its progression has always been a difficult issue, but promising developments have been shown by the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). It has thus been evidenced how these cells have significant paracrine and immunomodulatory properties: they secrete trophic factors that stimulate RPE or that are similar to those produced by RPE. In studies using animal models, MSCs have been found to be effective in stopping the progression of retinal degeneration and for rescuing photoreceptors in the dormant phase. Furthermore these cells are hypoimmunogenic and have been shown to suppress chronic inflammation, prevent apoptosis and stimulate progenitor cells in the retina promoting self-repair mechanisms. Previous studies have already evidenced how grafting autologous mesenchymal cells, in a scleral pocket above the choroid, with the limoli retinal restoration technique (LRRT) could exert a beneficial effect on the residual retinal cells in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP). This surgical procedure can improve the clinical and rehabilitative prognostic parameters in RP patients even though further researches and studies will be needed to evaluate its efficacy

Functionalization of Screen-Printed Electrodes with Grape Stalk Waste Extract-Assisted Synthesized Silver and Gold Nanoparticles: Perspectives of electrocatalytically Enhanced Determination of Uranyl Ion and Other Heavy Metals Ions

Recently, nanotechnology and nanoparticles (NPs) such as AgNPs and AuNPs have become important in analytical chemistry due to their great potential to improve the performance of electrochemical sensors. In this work, Ag and Au nanoparticles have been synthesized using a green route in which a grape stalk waste extract is used as a reducing agent to obtain metallic nanoparticles. These NPs were used to customize the surface of commercial screen-printed electrodes (SPCNFEs). The spin-coating method was used to modify commercial SPCNFEs under a nitrogen atmosphere. The resulting electrodes were used in a determination study of Cd(II), Pb(II), and U(VI) with differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV). The customized green AgNPs and AuNPs electrodes presented higher sensitivity and electroanalytical performance than the nonmodified SPCNFE. The results showed that the best analytical parameters were obtained with the green, silver nanoparticle SPCNFEs, with a LOD of 0.12 µg L−1 for Pb(II), which is a lower value compared to the most restrictive regulation guidelines. Additionally, the U(VI) ion was successfully determined using the developed G-AgNPs-SPCNFE in spiked tap water, showing comparable results with the ICP-MS techniqu

La influencia de la propiedad y la generación familiar en la educación financiera de la empresa

[ENG] The purpose of this article is to study the effect of family ownership and family generation on financial literacy. To do that, we have analysed a sample of 195 Spanish family businesses, reaching the conclusion that the level of family ownership exerts a negative influence on financial literacy. On the other hand, as family generations advance, financial literacy is favoured. This study benefits professionals and entrepreneur s, since they could, through a series of guidelines, improve financial literacy and, with it, the viability of their respective e firms.[SPA] El propósito de este artículo es estudiar el efecto que surte la propiedad y la generación familiar en la educación financiera de una empresa. Para ello, hemos analizado una muestra de 195 empresas familiares españolas, llegando a la conclusión de que el grado de propiedad familiar ejerce una influencia negativa en la educación financiera dentro de la empresa familiar. Por otro lado, a medida que avanzan las generaciones dentro de la empresa familiar, la educación financiera se ve incrementada. Este estudio es beneficioso para profesionales y empresarios, ya que podrían, a través de una serie de pautas, mejorar la educación financiera de sus miembros y, con ello, la viabilidad de sus respectivas empresas.Cátedra de Viabilidad Empresarial (Universidad de Málaga). Departamento de Finanzas y Contabilidad (Universidad de Málaga)

Nk3R blockade has sex-divergent effects on memory in mice

Altres ajuts: National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression: 22434 ; Fundación Alicia KoplowitzMemory consolidation is a process required for the formation of long-term memories. The G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) neurokinin-3-receptor (Nk3R) and its interactions with sex hormones seem important for the modulation of fear memory consolidation: Nk3R antagonism in male mice impairs fear memory, but enhances it in females. However, the involvement of the Nk3R as a modulator of other memories in both sexes remains unexplored. We use the novel object recognition paradigm to test the effect of a systemic blockade of Nk3R during memory consolidation. Further, we assess the expression of estrogen receptor α, estrogen receptor β, and androgen receptor and heterodimerization with Nk3R in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and dorsal hippocampus (DH) of mice. Nk3R systemic antagonism elicited decreased memory consolidation in males while it enhanced it in females during proestrus. Nk3R analysis in the different subregions of the mPFC and the DH showed a higher expression in males than females. Moreover, females presented upregulation of the androgen receptor in the CA1 and the estrogen receptor beta in the cingulate cortex, CA1, and dentate gyrus. Overall, males presented an upregulation of the estrogen receptor alpha. We also explored the heterodimerization of GCPR membrane sex hormone receptors with the Nk3R. We found a higher percentage of Nk3R-membrane G-protein estrogen receptors heterodimers in the prelimbic cortex of the mPFC in females, suggesting an interaction of estradiol with Nk3R in memory consolidation. However, males presented a higher percentage of Nk3R-membrane G-protein androgen receptors heterodimers compared to females, pointing to an interaction of testosterone with Nk3R in memory consolidation. These data propose novel ideas on functional interactions between Nk3R, sex hormones, estrogen receptors, and androgen receptors in memory consolidation

The punic pottery workshop found at Calle Real 210-212. Study of the finds, chronology and notes on kiln architectural features

La intervención arqueológica preventiva dirigida en el año 2009 por M.L. Lavado puso al descubierto la existencia de un horno cerámico púnico y diversas fosas y testares en el área central de la actual ciudad de San Fernando (Cádiz), en el territorio insular meridional de la antigua Gadir/Gades. Este trabajo presenta un avance de los resultados del estudio de los materiales (esencialmente cerámicos) recuperados en la intervención, centrando la atención en los descubiertos en el interior del horno sobre la parrilla. Además de una clasificación tipológica y cronológica de estos contextos inéditos, que permiten establecer interesantes conexiones con otros alfares y yacimientos de la bahía gaditana activos entre los siglos V-III a.C., el excepcional estado de conservación del horno permite plantear algunas reflexiones sobre sus rasgos arquitectónicos, típicos de época púnica tardía.The salvage archaeological excavation conducted in 2009 by M.L. Lavado revealed the existence of a Punic ceramic kiln and various pits and middens in the central area of the present-day city of San Fernando (Cadiz), in the southern insular territory of ancient Gadir/Gades. This work presents the preliminary results of the study of the material culture (essentially ceramics), focusing on the finds recorded inside the kiln on the holed-floor. In addition to a typological and chronological classification of these unpublished contexts, which allows to establish interesting connections with other kiln areas and sites in the bay of Cadiz that were active between the 5th and 3rd centuries BC, the outstanding state of preservation of the kiln makes it possible to reflect on the typical features of kiln design of the Late Punic period

Alcoholes no vínicos para la mejora del desarrollo del velo de flor y de las características sensoriales de los vinos Finos de la D.O. Jerez-Xérèz-Sherry

Abstract The wines produced in the Jerez-Xérès-Sherry Designation of Origin fall within the category of Fortified Wines, according to Regulation 1308/2013 of the European Parliament, which stipulates that they must be exclusively fortified with wine alcohol, with an acquired alcoholic strength between 95.0% and 96.0%. However, there are other alternative alcohols whose behavior is unknown but could be equally effective in the development of biological aging, with an impact on the final product quality and lower economic costs. This study examines the effect of using malt alcohols, grape pomace, agave, sugarcane, and cereal alcohols, as well as wine alcohols obtained through different distillation methods and at varying alcohol concentrations, for fortifying wines subjected to biological aging. The development of the "flor" yeast veil will be evaluated under each aging condition and isolated and characterized using molecular techniques. Additionally, the base wine fortified with the different alcohols will be monitored and analyzed both physicochemically and organoleptically