The Vehicle, Fall 1997

Vol 39, No. 1 Table of Contents dancingDavid Moutraypage 1 UntitledMaria Nelsonpage 2 Braver Shades of FireEric Footepage 3 A CoverAmanda Davispage 4 Soup KitchenBlanca Delgadopage 5 Shades of TruthChad P. Elliotpage 5 UntitledNicole Guzaldopage 6 The FogJoe Howardpage 7 Horse-spitMichael Kawapage 8 A Red Coffee MugJoe Howardpage 9 Morning AfterRafael Gomezpage 10 Watching BoysKim Hunterpage 11 UntitledNatalie Macellaiopage 12 Synesthesia in Mood of JulyDoug Strahanpage 13 picasso heartRyan Reevespage 14 Spanish ClassBlanca Delgadopage 15 UntitledElizabeth Hollandpage 16 ApocalypseBlanca Delgadopage 17 CHRISTIANITY IN CALIFORNIAMichael H. Lakepage 18 To Love a MannequinSylvia L. Whippopage 19 UntitledGwen Griffinpage 20 cardboard wolverinesRyan Reevespage 21 NeilKelly Flohrpage 22-25https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1068/thumbnail.jp

Exploiting the glioblastoma peptidome to discover novel tumour-associated antigens for immunotherapy

Peptides presented at the cell surface reflect the protein content of the cell; those on HLA class I molecules comprise the critical peptidome elements interacting with CD8 T lymphocytes. We hypothesize that peptidomes from ex vivo tumour samples encompass immunogenic tumour antigens. Here, we uncover >6000 HLA-bound peptides from HLA-A*02+ glioblastoma, of which over 3000 were restricted by HLA-A*02. We prioritized in-depth investigation of 10 glioblastoma-associated antigens based on high expression in tumours, very low or absent expression in healthy tissues, implication in gliomagenesis and immunogenicity. Patients with glioblastoma showed no T cell tolerance to these peptides. Moreover, we demonstrated specific lysis of tumour cells by patients' CD8+ T cells in vitro. In vivo, glioblastoma-specific CD8+ T cells were present at the tumour site. Overall, our data show the physiological relevance of the peptidome approach and provide a critical advance for designing a rational glioblastoma immunotherapy. The peptides identified in our study are currently being tested as a multipeptide vaccine (IMA950) in patients with glioblastom

Minimum effective volume of ropivacaine 7.5mg/ml for an ultrasound-guided infraclavicular brachial plexus block

Background - Ultrasound guidance has been shown to reduce the minimum effective volume (MEV) of local anaesthetics for several peripheral nerve blocks. Although the lateral sagittal infraclavicular block (LSIB) is a well‐established anaesthesia method, MEV for this technique has not been established. Our aim with this study was to determine the MEV using ropivacaine 7.5 mg/ml for the LSIB method. Methods - Twenty‐five adult American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I‐II patients scheduled for hand surgery received an ultrasound‐guided LSIB with ropivacaine 7.5 mg/ml. A successful block was defined as anaesthesia or analgesia for all five sensory nerves distal to the elbow, 30 min after local anaesthetic injection. The MEV for a successful block in 50% of the patients was determined by using the staircase up‐and‐down method introduced by Dixon and Massey. Logistic regression and probit transformation were applied to estimate the MEV for a successful block in 95% of the patients. Results - The patients received ropivacaine 7.5 mg/ml volumes in the range of 12.5–30 ml. The MEVs in 50% and 95% of the patients were 19 ml [95% confidence interval (CI), 14–27] and 31 ml (95% CI, 18–45), respectively. Conclusions - For surgery distal to the elbow, the MEV in 95% of patients for an ultrasound‐guided LSIB with ropivacaine 7.5 mg/ml was estimated to be 31 ml (95% CI, 18–45 ml). Further studies should determine the factors that influence the volume of local anaesthetic required for a successful infraclavicular block

The Vehicle, Fall 1997

Vol 39, No. 1 Table of Contents dancingDavid Moutraypage 1 UntitledMaria Nelsonpage 2 Braver Shades of FireEric Footepage 3 A CoverAmanda Davispage 4 Soup KitchenBlanca Delgadopage 5 Shades of TruthChad P. Elliotpage 5 UntitledNicole Guzaldopage 6 The FogJoe Howardpage 7 Horse-spitMichael Kawapage 8 A Red Coffee MugJoe Howardpage 9 Morning AfterRafael Gomezpage 10 Watching BoysKim Hunterpage 11 UntitledNatalie Macellaiopage 12 Synesthesia in Mood of JulyDoug Strahanpage 13 picasso heartRyan Reevespage 14 Spanish ClassBlanca Delgadopage 15 UntitledElizabeth Hollandpage 16 ApocalypseBlanca Delgadopage 17 CHRISTIANITY IN CALIFORNIAMichael H. Lakepage 18 To Love a MannequinSylvia L. Whippopage 19 UntitledGwen Griffinpage 20 cardboard wolverinesRyan Reevespage 21 NeilKelly Flohrpage 22-25https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1068/thumbnail.jp

Exploiting the glioblastoma peptidome to discover novel tumour-associated antigens for immunotherapy

Peptides presented at the cell surface reflect the protein content of the cell; those on HLA class I molecules comprise the critical peptidome elements interacting with CD8 T lymphocytes. We hypothesize that peptidomes from ex vivo tumour samples encompass immunogenic tumour antigens. Here, we uncover >6000 HLA-bound peptides from HLA-A*02(+) glioblastoma, of which over 3000 were restricted by HLA-A*02. We prioritized in-depth investigation of 10 glioblastoma-associated antigens based on high expression in tumours, very low or absent expression in healthy tissues, implication in gliomagenesis and immunogenicity. Patients with glioblastoma showed no T cell tolerance to these peptides. Moreover, we demonstrated specific lysis of tumour cells by patients' CD8(+) T cells in vitro. In vivo, glioblastoma-specific CD8(+) T cells were present at the tumour site. Overall, our data show the physiological relevance of the peptidome approach and provide a critical advance for designing a rational glioblastoma immunotherapy. The peptides identified in our study are currently being tested as a multipeptide vaccine (IMA950) in patients with glioblastoma