A New Technique to Extract the Gate Bias Dependent S/D Series Resistance of Sub-100nm MOSFETs

International audienceIn this study, a new technique to extract the S/D series resistance (Rsd) from the total resistance versus transconductance gain plot Rtot(1/beta) is proposed. The technique only requires the measurement of Id(Vgs)|Vgt and beta, allowing fast and statistical analysis in an industrial context. Unlike the usual Rtot(L)-based techniques, it has the advantage of being insensitive to the channel length and mobility variations and finally enables to extract very accurate values for Rsd(Vgs) and the effective mobility reduction factor mueff(Vgt)/mueff(0)

Signal parameters estimation using time-frequency representation for laser doppler anemometry

International audienceThis paper describes a processing method to estimate parameters of chirp signals for Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA). The Doppler frequency as well as additional useful parameters are considered here. These parameters are the burst width and the frequency rate. Different estimators based on the spectrogram are proposed. Cramer-Rao bounds are given and performance of the estimators compared to the state of the art using Monte-Carlo simulations for synthesized LDA signals. The characteristics of these signals are provided by a flight test campaign. The proposed estimation procedure takes into account the requirements for a real-time application

The CAT Imaging Telescope for Very-High-Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy

The CAT (Cherenkov Array at Themis) imaging telescope, equipped with a very-high-definition camera (546 fast phototubes with 0.12 degrees spacing surrounded by 54 larger tubes in two guard rings) started operation in Autumn 1996 on the site of the former solar plant Themis (France). Using the atmospheric Cherenkov technique, it detects and identifies very high energy gamma-rays in the range 250 GeV to a few tens of TeV. The instrument, which has detected three sources (Crab nebula, Mrk 421 and Mrk 501), is described in detail.Comment: 24 pages, 15 figures. submitted to Elsevier Preprin

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome associated with COVID-19: An Emulated Target Trial Analysis.

RATIONALE: Whether COVID patients may benefit from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) compared with conventional invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) remains unknown. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the effect of ECMO on 90-Day mortality vs IMV only Methods: Among 4,244 critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 included in a multicenter cohort study, we emulated a target trial comparing the treatment strategies of initiating ECMO vs. no ECMO within 7 days of IMV in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (PaO2/FiO2 <80 or PaCO2 ≥60 mmHg). We controlled for confounding using a multivariable Cox model based on predefined variables. MAIN RESULTS: 1,235 patients met the full eligibility criteria for the emulated trial, among whom 164 patients initiated ECMO. The ECMO strategy had a higher survival probability at Day-7 from the onset of eligibility criteria (87% vs 83%, risk difference: 4%, 95% CI 0;9%) which decreased during follow-up (survival at Day-90: 63% vs 65%, risk difference: -2%, 95% CI -10;5%). However, ECMO was associated with higher survival when performed in high-volume ECMO centers or in regions where a specific ECMO network organization was set up to handle high demand, and when initiated within the first 4 days of MV and in profoundly hypoxemic patients. CONCLUSIONS: In an emulated trial based on a nationwide COVID-19 cohort, we found differential survival over time of an ECMO compared with a no-ECMO strategy. However, ECMO was consistently associated with better outcomes when performed in high-volume centers and in regions with ECMO capacities specifically organized to handle high demand. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Reflections for re-in-root: Case sudies

&nbsp;Simone Weil’s work proves to be inspiring in inducing reflection on the sources of an ecological orientation. Her work, deployed during the years 1930-1940, initiated in a work entitled Oppression et liberté (1934), then in the embodied study of La condition ouvrière (1936), finds its culmination in L’enracinement : Préludes à une déclaration des devoirs envers l’être humain (1949). In this work, Simone Weil, through her participation in the French resistance movement in London, seeks to understand the means of curbing uprooting in the post-war period. She reveals the vital needs of the soul, then explores the mysteries of uprooting, and finally, sets out a method for putting down roots. We propose to continue its reflection starting from the idea of a re-rooting of man in his ecosystem, in order to think of a development from then on rooted in ecological necessities.</p

A New Technique to Extract the Source/Drain Series Resistance of MOSFETs

International audienceThis letter demonstrates a new technique to extract the source/drain series resistance of MOSFETs. Unlike the well-known total resistance techniques, R sd is extracted in a way that the result is insensitive to effective length and mobility variations. The technique has been successfully applied to 45-nm bulk and fully depleted SOI MOSFETs with high-¿ and metal gate, having channel length down to 22 nm. The technique provides a high accuracy and allows fast measurements and statistical analysis

Guidelines for MOSFET Device Optimization accounting for L-dependent Mobility Degradation

International audienceThis paper reports a new methodology to monitor L-dependent mobility degradation based on empirical modeling of experimental results. This method allows benchmarking the impact on mobility degradation of different technological modules, thus giving some guidelines for device optimization