Estilos de vida de estudiantes universitarios del programa de Nutrición y Dietética

The objective of the investigation consisted in determine the lifestyles of university students of the Nutrition and Dietetics. Observational, descriptive, prospective, cross-sectional study. The information was collected through the Lifestyles Questionnaire in Young University Students. Of the practices referred by the students for each of the dimensions of the lifestyle evaluated (8), 87.5% were healthy, except for that corresponding to exercise and physical activity. 62.4% said that the main reason for not doing or stop exercising and physical activity was laziness. Significant differences by sex were identified for unhealthy physical activity practices (p = 0.000). Although the practices for the feeding dimension were healthy, 61.2% of the students expressed the consumption of fast, fried, or sweet foods and 58% of soft drinks or artificial drinks. A large percentage of students stated that they had the knowledge to choose healthy foods, a resource for which significant differences by sex were identified, being more likely in men than women (p = 0.039). The students carry out healthy practices for the different dimensions of life style except the one corresponding to exercise and physical activity, however, they referred resources and motivations that allow them to make decisions and adopt fundamental behaviors for health.El objetivo de la investigación consistió en determinar los estilos de vida de estudiantes universitarios del programa de Nutrición y Dietética. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, prospectivo, transversal. La información fue recolectada a través del Cuestionario de Estilos de Vida en Jóvenes Universitarios. Las prácticas referidas por los estudiantes para cada una de las dimensiones del estilo de vida evaluadas (8), el 87,5% fueron saludables, excepto la correspondiente a ejercicio y actividad física. El 62,4% manifestó que el principal motivo para no hacer o dejar de hacer ejercicio y actividad física era la pereza. A pesar de que las prácticas para la dimensión de alimentación fueron saludables, el 61,2% de los estudiantes manifestó el consumo algunos días de comidas rápidas, fritos, o dulces y el 58% de gaseosas o bebidas artificiales. Los estudiantes realizan prácticas saludables para las diversas dimensiones del estilo de vida excepto la correspondiente a ejercicio y actividad física, sin embargo, refirieron recursos y motivaciones que les permiten tomar decisiones y adoptar comportamientos fundamentales para la salud

Fatores psicossociais que intervêm na regulação da fertilidade em mulheres, Tunja, Colômbia, 2014-2016

Introduction: In Colombia, the regulation of fertility is a right, but it is necessary to have access to information and services to decide freely whether or not to have children, presenting psychosocial factors that intervene in their adherence to the methods of regulation of fertility.Objective: To determine the psychosocial factors of the population under study in the adherence to the methods of regulation of fertility and its association with sociodemographic variables. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with a sample of 318 women and a survey. Results: 61.6% of the sample were between 20 and 29 years of age; 42.3% obtained information on fertility regulation methods from health professionals; 90.0% always used them during sexual intercourse; 81.4% had on average of two children; 19.6% reported becoming pregnant while using them; 91.3% expressed that it is a responsibility shared by the couple, supporting them to follow the professional's instructions in 66.0%; 56.9% always attended the control of fertility regulation.Conclusions: Psychosocial factors influence adherence to fertility regulation methods, since a significant percentage referred to marital status in free union, allowing them autonomy for the choice of method and support of the couple. The women participated voluntarily in the program and there was satisfaction with the care and information provided by the service provider.Introducción. En Colombia, la regulación de la fecundidad es un derecho, pero es  necesario tener acceso a la información y a los servicios para poder decidir libremente tener hijos o no. Se presentan los factores que intervienen, entre ellos los psicosociales, para el cumplimiento terapéutico de los métodos de regulación de la fecundidad. Objetivo. Determinar los factores psicosociales en el cumplimiento de los métodos de regulación de la fecundidad y su asociación con variables sociodemográficas. Materiales y métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo transversal con enfoque cuantitativo, con una muestra de 318 mujeres y la aplicación de una encuesta. Resultados. El 61,6 % de las mujeres de la muestra estaba entre los 20 y los 29 años de edad; el 42,3 % obtuvo información de los métodos de regulación de la fecundidad de profesionales de la salud; el 90,0 % siempre los utilizó durante las relaciones sexuales; el 81,4 % tuvo, en promedio, dos hijos; el 19,6 % declaró haber quedado embarazadas utilizándolos; el 91,3 % expresó que es una responsabilidad compartida por la pareja, apoyándolas a seguir las indicaciones del profesional en el 66,0 %; el 56,9 % asistió siempre al control de regulación de la fecundidad. Se encontró asociación entre el nivel educativo de las mujeres y la responsabilidad en el uso de los métodos; el 97,8 % tenía educación superior y consideraba que la responsabilidad es de la pareja, y el 80,1 % de las mujeres con hijos acudía siempre a los controles. Conclusiones. Los factores psicosociales inciden en el cumplimiento de los métodos de regulación de la fecundidad, dado que un porcentaje significativo refirió como estado conyugal la unión libre, lo que les permitía autonomía para la elección del método y apoyo de la pareja. Las mujeres participaron voluntariamente en el programa y hubo satisfacción con la atención y con la información brindada por el proveedor del servicio.Introdução: Na Colômbia, a regulação da fertilidade é um direito, mas é necessário ter acesso a informações e serviços, a fim de decidir com liberdade se ter filhos ou não. Os fatores que intervêm são apresentados, entre eles os psicossociais, para a realização terapêutica dos métodos de regulação da fertilidade.Objetivo: Determinar os fatores psicossociais em conformidade com os métodos de regulação da fertilidade e sua associação com variáveis sócio-demográficas.Materiais e métodos. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo transversal com abordagem quantitativa, com uma amostra de 318 mulheres e a aplicação de uma pesquisa.Resultados: 61,6% das mulheres na amostra tinham entre 20 e 29 anos de idade; 42,3% obtiveram informações sobre métodos para regular a fertilidade dos profissionais de saúde; 90,0% sempre usaram o métodos durante a relação sexual; 81,4% tinham, em média, duas crianças; 19,6% manifestaram ter ficado grávidas usando-os; 91,3% expressaram que é responsabilidade compartilhada pelo casal, apoiando-os a seguir as indicações do profissional em 66,0%; 56,9% sempre participaram do controle da regulação da fertilidade. Foi encontrada associação entre o nível educacional das mulheres e a responsabilidade no uso dos métodos; 97,8% tiveram educação superior e consideraram que a responsabilidade pertence ao casal, e 80,1% das mulheres com filhos sempre foram aos controles.Conclusões: Os fatores psicossociais afetam o cumprimento dos métodos de regulação da fertilidade, uma vez que uma percentagem significativa referiu ao estado civil como livre união, o que lhes permitiu autonomia para escolher o método para regular a fertilidade e apoio do casal. As mulheres participaram voluntariamente do programa e houve satisfação com a atenção e com as informações fornecidas pelo provedor de serviços

Experiencias en el aula: tercer encuentro de prácticas pedagógicas innovadoras.

Experiencias de profesores en su quehacer en los distintos ambientes de aprendizaje presenciales y a distancia.Para el Centro de Excelencia Docente aeiou constituye un honor presentar la publicación del Tercer Encuentro de Prácticas Pedagógicas Innovadoras en el que se destacan cuarenta trabajos de profesores de UNIMINUTO provenientes de diferentes sedes. Con este encuentro son ya tres que bajo la dirección de aeiou los profesores han compartido su quehacer en los distintos ambientes de aprendizaje presenciales y a distancia. Cada año el Centro de Excelencia Docente invita a los profesores a participar en este evento, para el 2108 además de la inscripción voluntaria por parte de cada profesor, se invitó al estudiantado a que postularan a sus profesores que consideraban eran innovadores y creativos en el cumplimiento de su función docente y se obtuvo una respuesta importante por parte de los estudiantes, que para algunos profesores resultó sorpresiva porque quizás no habían considerado que el trabajo que hacían en su ambiente de aprendizaje era diferente, fuera de lo común. Luego de una evaluación de jurados nacionales e internacionales de las prácticas presentadas y de la realización del evento, que tuvo como novedad hacerlo de forma simultánea en cuatro sedes donde UNIMINUTO tiene presencia: Buga, Ibagué, Pereira y Bogotá, se comparte la presente publicación para tener como referencia y evidencia el trabajo que los profesores hacen a diario

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

¿Por qué si el agua es transparente uno ve el mar azul? Lo que se preguntan los niños sobre ciencias contestado en breves relatos de expertos

Este libro, cuyo título es precisamente una de las preguntas de los niños, una de aquellas que quizás nos hicimos cuando teníamos esas edades, nos mostró lo cerca que está la ciencia de cada uno, todas las inquietudes que se tienen sobre la misma y la oportunidad que tenemos si enriquecemos la escuela con espacios que permitan aprovechar dichas preguntas para enseñarles a pensar a nuestros niños, a despertar su curiosidad y a seguir teniendo ideas maravillosas

Experiencias en el aula: tercer encuentro de prácticas pedagógicas innovadoras.

Experiencias de profesores en su quehacer en los distintos ambientes de aprendizaje presenciales y a distancia.Para el Centro de Excelencia Docente aeiou constituye un honor presentar la publicación del Tercer Encuentro de Prácticas Pedagógicas Innovadoras en el que se destacan cuarenta trabajos de profesores de UNIMINUTO provenientes de diferentes sedes. Con este encuentro son ya tres que bajo la dirección de aeiou los profesores han compartido su quehacer en los distintos ambientes de aprendizaje presenciales y a distancia. Cada año el Centro de Excelencia Docente invita a los profesores a participar en este evento, para el 2108 además de la inscripción voluntaria por parte de cada profesor, se invitó al estudiantado a que postularan a sus profesores que consideraban eran innovadores y creativos en el cumplimiento de su función docente y se obtuvo una respuesta importante por parte de los estudiantes, que para algunos profesores resultó sorpresiva porque quizás no habían considerado que el trabajo que hacían en su ambiente de aprendizaje era diferente, fuera de lo común. Luego de una evaluación de jurados nacionales e internacionales de las prácticas presentadas y de la realización del evento, que tuvo como novedad hacerlo de forma simultánea en cuatro sedes donde UNIMINUTO tiene presencia: Buga, Ibagué, Pereira y Bogotá, se comparte la presente publicación para tener como referencia y evidencia el trabajo que los profesores hacen a diario

Global variation in postoperative mortality and complications after cancer surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study in 82 countries

© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licenseBackground: 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. Methods: This was a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients undergoing surgery for primary breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer requiring a skin incision done under general or neuraxial anaesthesia. The primary outcome was death or major complication within 30 days of surgery. Multilevel logistic regression determined relationships within three-level nested models of patients within hospitals and countries. Hospital-level infrastructure effects were explored with three-way mediation analyses. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03471494. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and Jan 31, 2019, we enrolled 15 958 patients from 428 hospitals in 82 countries (high income 9106 patients, 31 countries; upper-middle income 2721 patients, 23 countries; or lower-middle income 4131 patients, 28 countries). Patients in LMICs presented with more advanced disease compared with patients in high-income countries. 30-day mortality was higher for gastric cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (adjusted odds ratio 3·72, 95% CI 1·70–8·16) and for colorectal cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (4·59, 2·39–8·80) and upper-middle-income countries (2·06, 1·11–3·83). No difference in 30-day mortality was seen in breast cancer. The proportion of patients who died after a major complication was greatest in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (6·15, 3·26–11·59) and upper-middle-income countries (3·89, 2·08–7·29). Postoperative death after complications was partly explained by patient factors (60%) and partly by hospital or country (40%). The absence of consistently available postoperative care facilities was associated with seven to 10 more deaths per 100 major complications in LMICs. Cancer stage alone explained little of the early variation in mortality or postoperative complications. Interpretation: Higher levels of mortality after cancer surgery in LMICs was not fully explained by later presentation of disease. The capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention. Early death after cancer surgery might be reduced by policies focusing on strengthening perioperative care systems to detect and intervene in common complications. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licenseBackground: Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide. Methods: A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study—a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3·85 [95% CI 2·58–5·75]; p<0·0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63·0% vs 82·7%; OR 0·35 [0·23–0·53]; p<0·0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer. Interpretation: Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised. Funding: National Institute for Health and Care Research