Relato de intervenção em psicologia: identidade social do agente comunitário de saúde

The profession of Community Health Agent (ACS) is still new in Brazil's National Health System (SUS). Therefore, it is perceived that there are certain difficulties in the comprehension of this professional's identity, due to his characteristic of acting as a link between the Primary Healthcare Unit (UBS) and the community. The objective of this article is to report on an intervention in Psychology carried out with Community Health Agents from a UBS located in the continental region of Vitória (Southeastern Brazil). The intervention aimed to identify social identity aspects that interfere in the quality of life and in the work of this professional. Fifteen workshops with an average of eleven participants were held between the months of June and December of 2008. Some questions were perceived in the group: interaction difficulties within the group and with the other professionals from the unit; low sense of belonging; low self-esteem; difficulty in constructing alternatives of change. With the work done by the Psychology, it was possible to perceive changes in the way that the agents dealt with the daily problems, thinking of the group in a collective way and perceiving their profession as something important to the SUS. This enabled, despite the questions inherent in the professional praxis, to construct strategies to deal with the difficulties and promote quality of life in the workplace.A profissão de Agente Comunitário de Saúde (ACS) é ainda nova no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Em função disso, percebe-se a existência de certas dificuldades na compreensão da identidade desses profissionais, pela sua característica de atuar como elo da Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) com a comunidade. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar uma intervenção em Psicologia realizada com Agentes Comunitários de Saúde de uma UBS da região continental de Vitória (ES). A intervenção teve como intuito identificar aspectos da identidade social que interferem na qualidade de vida e no trabalho desses profissionais. Foram realizadas 15 oficinas com média de 11 participantes, entre junho e dezembro de 2008. Algumas questões foram percebidas no grupo: dificuldade de interação entre si e com os demais profissionais da unidade; pouco sentimento de pertença; baixa auto-estima; dificuldade em construir alternativas para mudança. Com o trabalho realizado pela Psicologia, foi possível perceber mudanças na forma como as agentes lidavam com os problemas do dia a dia, pensando no grupo de maneira mais coletiva, percebendo sua profissão como importante para o SUS, o que permitiu, apesar das questões inerentes à prática profissional, construir estratégias para lidar com suas dificuldades e promover qualidade de vida no trabalho

De que se trata ser freudiano pela psicanálise lacaniana? Os quatro conceitos fundamentais da psicanálise em Freud e em Lacan

O artigo versa sobre os quatros conceitos considerados por Lacan como fundamentais da psicanálise: inconsciente, repetição, transferência e pulsão. Privilegia-se um Lacan menos hermético em seu retorno a Freud, comparando e discutindo o estado da arte dos fundamentos de ambos os autores e com o auxílio de alguns comentadores. O estudo propõe apontar por que estes quatro conceitos foram considerados por Lacan como fundamentais da psicanálise, e como eles foram reposicionados para uma leitura no campo da linguagem, apostando que essas discussões evidenciem as implicações da psicanálise lacaniana sobre a freudiana e vice-versa. Considera-se fundamental o retorno de Lacan a Freud, principalmente no que diz respeito à crítica e aos estudos destes quatro conceitos, a partir dos quais se acredita ser possível compreender a lógica da psicanálise e seu modus operandi.This article deals with the four concepts considered as fundamental of psychoanalysis by Lacan: unconscious, repetition, transference and drive. It is privileged a less airtight Lacan on his return to Freud, comparing and discussing the state of the art of the elements in both authors, with the aid of some commentators. In addition, the study proposes to discuss the implications of Lacanian on the Freudian psychoanalysis, visiting theoretical and technical points repositioned by Lacan for a reading in the field of language. It is considered fundamental his return to Freud, especially with respect to the criticism and the studies of the four fundamental concepts considered by him, from whom it is believed to be possible to understand the knowledge of psychoanalysis and its modus operandi.El artículo aborda los cuatro conceptos considerados por Lacan como fundamentales al psicoanálisis: el inconsciente, la repetición, la transferencia y la pulsión. Se busca enfocar en un Lacan menos hermético en su retorno a Freud, comparando y discutiendo el estado del arte en ambos autores y con la ayuda de algunos comentaristas. El estudio propone discutir por qué son importantes estos conceptos en Lacan, y cómo los reposicionan para una lectura en el campo del lenguaje, indicando las implicaciones del psicoanálisis lacaniano sobre el freudiano y viceversa. Se considera como importante su retorno a Freud, especialmente con respecto a la crítica y a los estudios de estos conceptos fundamentales, a partir de ellos se habla de una posibilidad de comprender como operar el conocimiento del psicoanálisis y su modus operandi

Seleção de clones de braquiária para resistência à lagarta‑do‑cartucho

The objective of this work was to evaluate and select signal grass (Urochloa ruziziensis) clones resistant to fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), for use in a crop‑livestock‑forest integration system. One hundred and forty-seven clones of U. ruziziensis were evaluated in a completely randomized design with three replicates. An artificial diet, adequate for insect development, was used as a control and susceptibility standard. Leaves of different U. ruziziensis clones were collected and offered as food to the insects, kept individually in rearing units. Larval survival, duration, and biomass of larvae and pupa were evaluated. Significant differences were observed between clones for all evaluated traits, showing the marked effect of U. ruziziensis clones on the development of S. frugiperda. Twenty clones were identified in which there was no development of larvae and 55 clones in which there was an average larval survival of 33%. For the other clones, which were better hosts, insect development was affected by the longer larval stage and by the reduction in pupa biomass. The obtained results show the potential of using Urochloa ruziziensis clones for the reduction of Spodoptera frugiperda populations in a crop‑livestock‑forest integration system.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar e selecionar clones de braquiária (Urochloa ruziziensis) resistentes à lagarta‑do‑cartucho, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), para uso em sistema de integração lavoura‑pecuária‑floresta. Foram avaliados 147 clones de U. ruziziensis em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com três repetições. Como testemunha e padrão de suscetibilidade, foi utilizada uma dieta artificial adequada ao desenvolvimento do inseto. Folhas dos diferentes clones de U. ruziziensis foram coletadas e oferecidas como alimento aos insetos, mantidos individualizados em unidades de criação. Foram avaliadas a sobrevivência, a duração e a biomassa de lagartas e pupas. Observaram-se diferenças significativas entre os clones para todas as características avaliadas, o que evidencia a influência acentuada dos clones de U. ruziziensis no desenvolvimento de S. frugiperda. Foram identificados 20 clones nos quais não houve desenvolvimento da lagarta e 55 clones nos quais houve sobrevivência média das lagartas de 33%. Para os demais clones, que se mostraram melhores hospedeiros, o desenvolvimento do inseto foi afetado pela maior duração do estágio larval e pela redução da biomassa da pupa. Os resultados obtidos são indicativos do potencial de utilização de clones de Urochloa ruziziensis para redução de populações de Spodoptera frugiperda em sistema de integração lavoura‑pecuária‑floresta

Ibicaba revisitada outra vez: espaço, escravidão e trabalho livre no oeste paulista

Ibicaba Farm, property of Senator Nicolau Pereira de Campos Vergueiro during the 19th century, was the subject of studies that focused on the experience with the sharecropping system. This article intends to undertake a revisit to Ibicaba through new lenses of observation. At first, it tries to insert Vergueiro's farm in the context of the changing World-economy of the first decades of the nineteenth century, and then highlight the importance of the spatial dimension of reality in this historical context. In the following two subitems, which constitute the core of the article, an analysis is made of the protocols - especially spatial - of control of the workers, used by the Vergueiros in order to extract the maximum of labor from slaves and sharecroppers, as well as the strategies that captives and immigrants used to escape from this surveillance. Finally, a brief recapitulation of the main points exposed and some considerations about the tensions that emerged in Ibicaba during the studied period are made.A Fazenda Ibicaba, propriedade do Senador Nicolau Pereira de Campos Vergueiro ao longo do século XIX, foi objeto de estudos que enfocaram a experiência com o sistema de parceria que ela abrigou. Este artigo pretende revisitar Ibicaba por meio de novas lentes de observação. Em um primeiro momento, buscar-se-á inserir a fazenda de Vergueiro no contexto de mudança pela qual a Economia-mundo passava nas primeiras décadas do Oitocentos para, em seguida, salientar a importância que a dimensão espacial da realidade cumpria nesse contexto histórico. Nos dois subitens seguintes, que constituem o núcleo do artigo, analisam-se os protocolos - sobretudo espaciais - de controle da mão de obra utilizados pelos Vergueiro, com vistas à máxima extração de trabalho de escravos e colonos, bem como as estratégias de que cativos e imigrantes lançaram mão para escapar dessa vigilância. Faz-se, ao fim, uma breve recapitulação dos principais pontos expostos e algumas considerações sobre as tensões que emergiram em Ibicaba durante o período estudado

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost