AGROECOSISTEMAS RIBEREÑOS EN EL XINGU Y SU PAPEL EN LA CONSERVACIÓN DE LA BIODIVERSIDAD

A hidrelétrica Belo Monte causou o deslocamento territorial dos ribeirinhos que habitavam as ilhas ao longo do rio Xingu. Com a interrupção dos modos de vida, passaram a lutar pela reconstrução do território. O objetivo do presente artigo foi realizar um diagnóstico dos agroecossistemas ribeirinhos na região Xingu    e    identificar    o   seu papel na  conservação da biodiversidade. Realizaram-se pesquisa de campo nas comunidades com entrevistas, turnês guiadas e levantamento etnobotânico. Participaram 71 unidades familiares, das quais 42 estavam reassentadas em 10 comunidades, perfazendo a amostra da presente análise. Observou-se diversidade de campos manejados, de espécies vegetais e animais, de trabalho e de produtos em cada agroecossistema familiar. Os ribeirinhos estão plantando agrobiodiversidade, que é parte vital da biodiversidade. Identificaram-se 93 espécies de plantas alimentícias, conservadas em espaços agroflorestais. O território garantido na beira do rio é o grande precursor para a formação dos agroecossistemas.The construction of Belo Monte hydroelectric powerplant caused the eviction of riverine populations who inhabited the islands along Xingu River. Ever since their lifestyle has changed, they have been struggling to rebuild their territories in Xingu region. The goal of this work was to carry out a diagnosis of the agroecosystems formed by the resettled riverine families and to identify their role in the conservation of biodiversity. A field research    was    carried     out    in   local   communities encompassing interviews, guided tours and an ethnobotanical survey. A total of 71 family units took part in this study, and 42 of them were resettled in 10 communities, representing the analyzed sample. We reported a high diversity of crops, managed plants and animals, as well as work strategies and products in each family involved in agroecosystems. We identified 93 species of food plants, preserved in agroforestry areas. The riverine communities are directly related to agrobiodiversity, which is a vital part of biodiversity. Therefore, assuring their territories is an efficient precursor for the formation of agroecosystems.La hidroeléctrica de Belo Monte provocó el desplazamiento territorial de las comunidades ribereñas que habitaban las islas a lo largo del río Xingú. Con la interrupción de sus modos y medios de vida, comenzaron a luchar por la reconstrucción del territorio. El objetivo de este artículo fue realizar un diagnóstico de los agroecosistemas ribereños en la región del Xingu e identificar su rol en la conservación de la biodiversidad. Se realizó una investigación de campo en las comunidades con entrevistas, visitas guiadas y levantamiento de información etnobotánica. Participaron 71 unidades familiares, de las cuales 42 estaban reasentadas en 10 comunidades, conformando la muestra del presente análisis. En cada agroecosistema familiar se observó diversidad de campos manejados, tanto de especies vegetales como animales, y destinadas tanto al trabajo como a la alimentación. Se identificaron 93 especies de plantas alimenticias, preservadas en corrales agroforestales. Los ribereños están plantando agrobiodiversidad, que es una parte vital de la biodiversidad. El territorio garantizado a la orila del rio es el gran precursor para la formación de agroecosistemas

Preemptive use of etodolac on tooth sensitivity after in-office bleaching: a randomized clinical trial

Abstract Purpose: This study determined the effectiveness of the preemptive administration of etodolac on risk and intensity of tooth sensitivity and the bleaching effect caused by in-office bleaching using 35% hydrogen peroxide. Material and methods: Fifty patients were selected for this tripleblind, randomized, crossover, and placebo-controlled clinical trial. Etodolac (400 mg) or placebo was administrated in a single-dose 1 hour prior to the bleaching procedure. The whitening treatment with 35% hydrogen peroxide was carried out in two sessions with a 7-day interval. Tooth sensitivity was assessed before, during, and 24 hours after the procedure using the analog visual scale and the verbal rating scale. Color alteration was assessed by a bleach guide scale, 7 days after each session. Relative risk of sensitivity was calculated and adjusted by session, while overall risk was compared by the McNemar's test. Data on the sensitivity level of both scales and color shade were subjected to Friedman, Wilcoxon, and Mann-Whitney tests, respectively (α=0.05). Results: The preemptive administration of etodolac did not affect the risk of tooth sensitivity and the level of sensitivity reported, regardless of the time of evaluation and scale used. The sequence of treatment allocation did not affect bleaching effectiveness, while the second session resulted in additional color modification. The preemptive administration of etodolac in a single dose 1 hour prior to in-office tooth bleaching did not alter tooth color, and the risk and intensity of tooth sensitivity reported by patients. Conclusion: A single-dose preemptive administration of 400 mg of etodolac did not affect either risk of tooth sensitivity or level of sensitivity reported by patients, during or after the in-office tooth bleaching procedure

Macrominerals and trace element requirements for beef cattle

Eighty-seven Nellore animals were utilized in this study to estimate net requirements for the maintenance and growth of beef cattle as well as the retention coefficients of 13 minerals: macrominerals (Ca, P, Mg, K, Na, and S) and trace elements (Cu, Fe, Mn, Se, Zn, Co, and Cr). The net requirements for maintenance and the true retention coefficient were estimated by using the regression between apparent retention and intake for each mineral. The net requirement for maintenance (μg/kg BW) and retention coefficients (%) were 163 and 85 for Cu, 2,097 and 53 for Fe, 32.3 and 24 for Mn, 3.72 and 48 for Se, 669 and 0.80 for Zn, 18.4 and 86 for Co, and 22.9 and 78 for Cr. The dietary requirements of macrominerals (g/kg DMI) were 5.12 for Ca, 2.38 for P, 0.96 for Mg, 2.40 for K, 0.79 for Na, and 1.47 for S. This is the first study using Nellore cattle to estimate mineral requirements; considering that Nellore cattle are the most common breed in Brazil and that Brazil is a major beef producer globally, this knowledge can help producers to improve animal performance by supplying the correct amount of minerals

ANALYSIS OF DISCRIMINATORY GAME VARIABLES BETWEEN WINNERS AND LOSERS IN WOMEN’S HANDBALL WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS FROM 2007 TO 2017

The aim of this study was to identify game variables that discriminated winning from losing teams and to understand how these variables contributed to victory by observing goal differences in matches of the women’s handball world championships. The sample comprised 471 WCh’s games played between 2007 and 2017. The games were grouped into three clusters: balanced games – difference of 1-8 goals; unbalanced games – difference of 9-20 goals; and very unbalanced games – difference of > 20 goals. Generally, the performance of winning teams was significantly higher (in most variables), or lower in the case of the number of technical faults (p<.05). In the balanced games, there was a greater contribution of defensive variables (stolen balls, blocked throws, and goalkeeper’s efficiency indicators) in relation to attack variables (attack efficiency and throw efficiency indicators). For victory, the number of technical faults reduce the chances of winning. Games with the unbalanced and very unbalanced goal differences seem to follow the same tendency; however, in the very unbalanced games, there were more assists, yellow cards and 2-min suspensions. We concluded that the decisive variables for victory in the balanced games showed a greater weight, with a special emphasis on stolen balls followed by offensive variables (throw efficiency indicators, attack efficiency, and technical faults). There was an equal tendency for the games with unbalanced and very unbalanced outcomes

ALTERAÇÕES LABORATORIAIS E POST-MORTEM DE UM FELINO COM DOENÇA RENAL CRÔNICA POSITIVO PARA O VÍRUS DA IMUNODEFICIÊNCIA FELINA

Feline Viral Immunodeficiency (FIV) is an infectious pathology, in which the virus is present in the saliva of infected cats, which shows direct transmission through injuries caused by bites, in addition, vertical transmission can occur. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the pathologies most commonly seen in cats infected with IVF. The objective of the study was to describe a clinical case report of a feline with CKD with IVF, emphasizing his laboratory and post-mortem changes. At the Veterinary Hospital Adrisse, Fortaleza-CE, a feline, of mixed breed, of approximately seven years was attended. According to the tutor, the cat had run away from home, and when he returned, he had sporadic vomiting, diarrhea and anorexia for four days. On physical examination, he presented ataxia, apathy, degree of dehydration around 8%, abdominal pain, myoclonus, emesis, hypothermia, bilateral nystagmus, slightly jaundiced mucous membranes, malnutrition, concentrated urine, mouth ulcers and uremic breath. Complementary tests were requested: blood count and biochemical measurements (alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase), sodium, potassium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, urea, urine summary, abdominal ultrasound and snap® FIV/FeLV test. The diagnosis was conclusive through the FIV/FelV snap and CKD was confirmed by abdominal ultrasound and necropsy, through alterations compatible with the symptoms and laboratory findings. It can be concluded that in cats affected by FIV, clinical evaluation and diagnosis of kidney complications are essential, since there is a viral action in the triggering of kidney injuries, which can be identified through laboratory, ultrasound and necroscopic exams.A Imunodeficiência Viral Felina (FIV) é uma patologia infecciosa, na qual o vírus está presente na saliva de gatos infectados, o que mostra transmissão direta por ferimentos causados por mordidas, além disso, pode ocorrer transmissão vertical. A doença renal crônica (DRC)é uma das patologias mais comumente observadas em gatos infectados com FIV. O objetivo do trabalho foi descrever um relato de caso clínico de um felino com DRC portador do FIV, enfatizando suas alterações laboratoriais e post-mortem. Foi atendido no Hospital Veterinário Adrisse, Fortaleza-CE, um felino, sem raça definida, de aproximadamente sete anos. Segundo a tutora, o felino havia fugido de casa, e quando retornou, apresentava vômitos esporádicos, diarreia e anorexia há quatro dias. No exame físico, apresentava quadro de ataxia, apatia, grau de desidratação em torno de 8%, dor abdominal, mioclonias, êmese, hipotermia, nistagmo bilateral, mucosas levemente ictéricas, desnutrição, urina concentrada, úlceras na boca e hálito urêmico. Foram solicitados como exames complementares: hemograma e dosagens bioquímicas (alanina aminotransferase, creatinina, aspartatoaminotransferase), sódio, potássio, fósforo, fosfatase alcalina, cálcio, ureia, sumário de urina, ultrassonografia abdominal e snap® teste FIV/FeLV. O diagnóstico foi conclusivo através do snap FIV/FelV e a DRC se confirmou pela ultrassonografia abdominal e necropsia, através de alterações compatíveis com os sintomas e achados laboratoriais. Pode-se concluir que em felinos acometidos por FIV, são imprescindíveis a avaliação clínica e o diagnóstico de complicações renais, visto que há uma ação viral no desencadeamento de lesões renais, os quais podem ser identificados por meio de exames laboratoriais, ultrassonográficos e necroscópicos

Resistance to neurotoxic insecticides in populations of the coffee leafminer Leucoptera coffeella

Coffee leafminer Leucoptera coffeella is an important pest on coffee. The continued use of chemicals can result in loss of efficacy and selection of leafminer-resistant populations. We aimed to identify L. coffeella populations resistant to old and new neurotoxic insecticides in regions of Brazil. We collected seven populations of L. coffeella in Brazil. Low levels of resistance were observed for the insecticides chlorantraniliprole (1.02-3.23 times), abamectin (1.19-4.80 times), and deltamethrin (1.05-5.35 times). High resistance levels were observed for profenofos (65.3-522 times) and chlorpyrifos (4.53-18.63 times). We conclude that Brazilian L. coffeella populations showed greater resistance to organophosphate insecticides. Furthermore, resistance may be associated with the distance between the coffee-producing regions

HER Family Receptors are Important Theranostic Biomarkers for Cervical Cancer: Blocking Glucose Metabolism Enhances the Therapeutic Effect of HER Inhibitors

Persistent HPV infection alone is not sufficient for cervical cancer development, which requires additional molecular alterations for tumor progression and metastasis ultimately leading to a lethal disease. In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of HER family receptor alterations in cervical adenocarcinoma. We detected overexpression of HER protein, mainly HER2, which was an independent prognostic marker for these patients. By using in vitro and in vivo approaches, we provided evidence that HER inhibitors, allitinib and lapatinib, were effective in reducing cervical cancer aggressiveness. Furthermore, combination of these drugs with glucose uptake blockers could overcome the putative HIF1-a-mediated resistance to HER-targeted therapies. Thus, we propose that the use of HER inhibitors in association with glycolysis blockers can be a potentially effective treatment option for HER-positive cervical cancer patients.FINEP (MCTI/FINEP/MS/SCTIE/DECIT-BIOPLAT (1302/13), Brazil and co-funded by the project “ON.2 SR&TD Integrated Program (NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000017)” co-funded by Programa Operacional Regional do Norte (ON.2- O Novo Norte), Quadro de Referência Estratégico Nacional (QREN), through Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER). OM is recipient of a post-doc fellowship (SFRH/BPD/108351/2015) from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal. FC is recipient of a master fellowship (2014/03684-0) from Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP). VMG is recipient from a PhD fellowship (SFRH/BD/51997/2012) from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), Portugalinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Analysis of possible effects on the incidence of neoplasias concerning heavy metal intoxication after the Samarco’s environmental disaster in Mariana - MG

No ano de 2015, uma barragem de rejeitos de mineração da empresa Samarco rompeu no município de Mariana - MG, resultando em 18 óbitos e incontáveis impactos à população e meio-ambiente da região. Buscou-se identificar os potenciais impactos deste desastre sobre a saúde humana analisando, principalmente, as alterações nos registros de neoplasias no município nos anos posteriores ao evento. Para tanto, foram coletados os dados sobre internações por neoplasias ocorridas entre 2013 e 2018, no Sistema de Informações Hospitalares - SIH, do Ministério da Saúde - MS. Dentre as patologias que se destacam nos três anos seguintes ao desastre das neoplasias estudadas são a leucemia, câncer do estômago e câncer no pâncreas, morbidades que, segundo a literatura, podem estar associados à exposição água contaminada por metais pesados. Aponta-se a importância do monitoramento de barragens e recursos destinados a mitigação e prevenção de desastres relacionados a contenção de rejeitos de mineração.In the year of 2015, a Samarco’s dam ruptured in the municipality of Mariana - MG, resulting in 18 deaths and uncountable impacts to the region’s population and environment. We aimed to identify the potential impacts of this disaster over the human health analyzing, mainly, the alterations in the registers of neoplasias in the municipality on the years after the event. For this purpose, it was collected the data about hospitalizations for neoplasias occurred between 2013 and 2018 from the Hospital Informations System from the Health Ministry. Among the pathologies studied on the three following years of the disaster, highlights leukemia, stomach cancer and cancer of the pancreas, morbidities that, according the literature, may be associated to the exposure to contaminated water by heavy metals. It’s pointed out the importance of dam monitoring and resources to mitigate and prevention related to mining tailings disposal

Covid-19 in the integrated development region (RIDE) of the Federal and Surrounding District : spatial distribution and contingency health measures

Este artigo visa analisar a espacialização das taxas de incidência e mortalidade por COVID19 na RIDE, a capacidade de atendimento da rede de saúde e as medidas sanitárias de contingência adotadas. Foram analisadas as taxas de incidência, mortalidade e ocupação dos leitos de UTI, a disponibilidade de respiradores e ambulâncias de emergência bem como as recomendações de saúde disponibilizadas pelo MS e secretarias estaduais de saúde. Desde o primeiro caso, observou-se um progressivo aumento diário e a taxa de incidência variou de 2,2 a 271,7 (casos por 100 mil habitantes) concentrando-se em Brasília-DF (53,6), Goianésia-GO (40,0) e Valparaíso de Goiás-GO (10,1) enquanto a maior taxa de mortalidade ocupa as regiões mais periféricas. Apenas 10 municípios e o DF apresentam o mínimo de leitos estabelecidos e o número de respiradores e ambulâncias atuais não atendem à demanda. Apesar do fluxo de pessoas em busca dos serviços de saúde em outro estado, não foi identificada essa previsão nas medidas de contingência estabelecidas pelas secretarias de saúde do DF, GO e MG. A experiência adquirida nesta pandemia evidencia a relevância de um sistema de saúde público, universal e gratuito e revela as fragilidades resultantes do subfinanciamento crônico do SUS.This paper aims to analyze the spatialization of incidence and mortality rates by COVID-19 at RIDE, the capacity of the healthcare network to meet the health contingency measures adopted. The rates of incidence, mortality, occupation of ICU beds, the availability of respirators and emergency ambulances, as well as the health recommendations provided by the Ministry of Health and state health departments were analyzed. Since the first case, there has been a progressive daily increase and the incidence rate varied from 2.2 to 271.7 (cases per 100 thousand inhabitants), concentrated in Brasília-DF (53.6), Goianésia-GO (40.0) and Valparaíso de Goiás-GO (10.1) while the highest mortality rates occupy the most peripheral regions. Only 10 municipalities and the DF have the minimum number of beds established and the number of respirators and ambulances do not meet the demand. Despite the flow of people in search of health services in another state, this prediction was not identified in the contingency measures established by the health departments of DF, GO and MG. The experience acquired in this pandemic highlights the relevance of a public, universal and free health system and reveals the weaknesses resulting from the chronic underfunding of SUS

Clinical and microbiological characteristics of patients colonized or infected by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: is resistance to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim a problem?

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia has emerged as an important opportunistic pathogen in the last decade. Increased resistance to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SMX/TMP) has been reported in S. maltophilia strains in the past few years, leading to few therapeutic options. We conducted a prospective multicenter study at two Brazilian teaching hospitals that identified S. maltophilia isolates and evaluated their antimicrobial susceptibility profile, SMX/TMP resistance genes and their clonality profile. A total of 106 non-repeated clinical samples of S. maltophilia were evaluated. Resistance to SMX/TMP was identified in 21.6% of the samples, and previous use of SMX/TMP occurred in 19 (82.6%). PCR detected the sul1 gene in 14 of 106 strains (13.2%). Of these isolates, nine displayed resistance to SMX/TMP. The resistant strains presented a polyclonal profile. This opportunistic pathogen has emerged in immunocompromised hosts, with few therapeutic options, which is aggravated by the description of emerging resistance mechanisms, although with a polyclonal distribution profile