Portable chlorophyll meter in monitoring and management of nitrogen in common bean cultivars

More sustainable practices involving biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and the use of portable chlorophyll meter in fertilization management are promising to increase nitrogen (N) use efficiency in the common bean crop. This study aimed to monitor N managements using a portable chlorophyll meter and its effects on agronomic attributes of Carioca-type common bean cultivars with indeterminate and determinate growth habits (‘IPR Campos Gerais’ and ‘IAC Imperador’). The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design (RBD), in a 2 × 9 factorial scheme, with four replicates. The first factor consisted of the cultivars and the second factor of the N management. The data were subjected to analysis of variance by F test and, when necessary, the means were grouped by the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability level. The use of portable chlorophyll meter is a viable alternative for N monitoring and management in common bean, allowing the reduction of top-dressing N application, regardless of the cultivar used. Highlights The use of portable chlorophyll meter is a viable alternative for nitrogen monitoring and management in common bean. Management with chlorophyll meter reduced the need for chemical fertilizer application, saving 105 kg ha-1 of urea. Further studies are needed to better understand this technology under conditions with different genotypes, soils and production systems.More sustainable practices involving biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and the use of portable chlorophyll meter in fertilization management are promising to increase nitrogen (N) use efficiency in the common bean crop. This study aimed to monitor N managements using a portable chlorophyll meter and its effects on agronomic attributes of Carioca-type common bean cultivars with indeterminate and determinate growth habits (‘IPR Campos Gerais’ and ‘IAC Imperador’). The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design (RBD), in a 2 × 9 factorial scheme, with four replicates. The first factor consisted of the cultivars and the second factor of the N management. The data were subjected to analysis of variance by F test and, when necessary, the means were grouped by the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability level. The use of portable chlorophyll meter is a viable alternative for N monitoring and management in common bean, allowing the reduction of top-dressing N application, regardless of the cultivar used. Highlights The use of portable chlorophyll meter is a viable alternative for nitrogen monitoring and management in common bean. Management with chlorophyll meter reduced the need for chemical fertilizer application, saving 105 kg ha-1 of urea. Further studies are needed to better understand this technology under conditions with different genotypes, soils and production systems

Desempenho agronômico e qualitativo de cultivares de feijoeiro dos grupos comerciais carioca e especial na época de inverno

In Brazil, there is a wide availability of bean cultivars of various commercial groups. In this sense, studies toevaluate the productive potential of genotypes are necessary to indicate of the best cultivars to the producers. The objective was to evaluate the agronomic and qualitative performance of bean cultivars of the carioca and special commercial groups and indicate the best genotypes within each group. The field experiment was conducted at Unesp, Jaboticabal, SP, in 2017 winter crop season. Ten common bean cultivars were used, five of them from the carioca commercial group: BRS Estilo, BRS MG Majestoso, BRS Ametista, BRS Notável e BRS Cometa and five from the special business group: BRS MG Realce, BRS Embaixador, BRS FC 305, BRS Executivo e BRS Ártico. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications. Results were subjected to analysis of variance (F-Test) and the means compared by Scott-Knott cluster test at 5% probability. For the agronomic performance characteristics, the cultivar BRSMG Majestoso stood out within the carioca commercial group and the BRS Embaixador and BRS Executivo cultivars within the special commercial group. In terms of grain quality, the cultivars BRS Estilo stood out in the commercial group and BRS Embaixador in the special commercial group.No Brasil, existe uma ampla disponibilidade de cultivares de feijoeiro de vários grupos comerciais. Nesse sentido, estudos para avaliar o potencial produtivo dos genótipos são necessários para a indicação das melhores cultivares aos produtores. Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho agronômico e qualitativo de cultivares de feijoeiro dos grupos comerciais carioca e especial e indicar os melhores genótipos dentro de cada grupo. O experimento de campo foi conduzido na Unesp, Jaboticabal, SP, na safra de inverno de 2017. Foram utilizadas dez cultivares de feijoeiro comum, sendo cinco do grupo comercial carioca: BRS Estilo, BRS MG Majestoso, BRS Ametista, BRS Notável e BRS Cometa e cinco do grupo comercial especial: BRS MG Realce, BRS Embaixador, BRS FC 305, BRS Executivo e BRS Ártico. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância (Teste F) e as médias comparadas pelo teste de agrupamento de Scott-Knott a 5% de probabilidade. Para as características de desempenho agronômico, a cultivar BRS MG Majestoso se destacou dentro do grupo comercial carioca e as cultivares BRS Embaixador e BRS Executivo dentro do grupo comercial especial. Na qualidade dos grãos, se destacaram as cultivares BRS Estilo no grupo comercial carioca e a BRS Embaixador no grupo comercial especial

Uniformity of water application to central pivot and to super 10 sprayer

O aumento da preocupação mundial com o aproveitamento e uso da água e a expansão da agricultura irrigada exigem otimização da eficiência de seu uso, destacando-se a sua uniformidade de aplicação, que influencia a otimização do uso da água pelas plantas. Objetivou-se, com o presente estudo, comparar a uniformidade de aplicação de água de um aspersor, obtido em condições de campo com o catálogo do fabricante, além de avaliar a uniformidade de aplicação de água de um pivô-central com aspersores novos e usados. Em condições de campo, a uniformidade de aplicação de água do aspersor SUPER 10 foi inferior à informada no catálogo do fabricante. Não se recomenda a utilização do aspersor SUPER 10 em espaçamentos iguais ou superiores a 12 x 12 m. Além disso, em culturas com alto valor agregado, como hortaliças, indica-se a utilização desse aspersor no espaçamento de 8 x 8 m. O pivô central apresenta boa uniformidade de aplicação de água, com CUH de 87,4% e CUD de 82,8%, além de aplicar uma lâmina média de 7,39 mm. The increase in global concern with the use and use of water and the expansion of irrigated agriculture require optimization of the efficiency of its use, highlighting its uniformity of application, which influences the optimization of water use by plants. The objective of this study was to compare the uniformity of water application of a sprinkler, obtained in field conditions with the manufacturer's catalog, and to evaluate the uniformity of water application of a central pivot with new and used sprinklers. Under field conditions, the water application uniformity of the SUPER 10 sprinkler was lower than that reported in the manufacturer's catalog. It is not recommended to use the SUPER 10 sprinkler in spacings equal to or greater than 12 x 12 m. In addition, in cultures with high added value, such as vegetables, the use of this sprinkler in the 8 x 8 m spacing is indicated. The central pivot shows good uniformity of water application, with CUH of 87.4% and CUD of 82.8%, besides applying a mean blade of 7.39 mm.El aumento de la preocupación mundial con el aprovechamiento y uso del agua y la expansión de la agricultura irrigada exigen optimización de la eficiencia de su uso, destacándose la uniformidad de aplicación, que influye en la optimización del uso del agua por las plantas. Se objetivó, con el presente estudio, comparar la uniformidad de aplicación de agua de un aspersor, obtenido en condiciones de campo con el catálogo del fabricante, además de evaluar la uniformidad de aplicación de agua de un pivote central con aspersores nuevos y usados. En condiciones de campo, la uniformidad de aplicación de agua del aspersor SUPER 10 fue inferior a la indicada en el catálogo del fabricante. No se recomienda el uso del aspersor SUPER 10 en espaciamientos igual o superiores a 12 x 12 m. Además, en cultivos con alto valor agregado, como hortalizas, se indica la utilización de este aspersor en el espaciado de 8 x 8 m. El pivote central presenta buena uniformidad de aplicación de agua, con CUH de 87,4% y CUD del 82,8%, además de aplicar una lámina media de 7,39 mm

Agronomic and qualitative performance of common bean cultivars of carioca and special commercial groups in the winter season

No Brasil, existe uma ampla disponibilidade de cultivares de feijoeiro de vários grupos comerciais. Nesse sentido, estudos para avaliar o potencial produtivo dos genótipos são necessários para a indicação das melhores cultivares aos produtores. Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho agronômico e qualitativo de cultivares de feijoeiro dos grupos comerciais carioca e especial e indicar os melhores genótipos dentro de cada grupo. O experimento de campo foi conduzido na Unesp, Jaboticabal, SP, na safra de inverno de 2017. Foram utilizadas dez cultivares de feijoeiro comum, sendo cinco do grupo comercial carioca: BRS Estilo, BRS MG Majestoso, BRS Ametista, BRS Notável e BRS Cometa e cinco do grupo comercial especial: BRS MG Realce, BRS Embaixador, BRS FC 305, BRS Executivo e BRS Ártico. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância (Teste F) e as médias comparadas pelo teste de agrupamento de Scott-Knott a 5% de probabilidade. Para as características de desempenho agronômico, a cultivar BRS MG Majestoso se destacou dentro do grupo comercial carioca e as cultivares BRS Embaixador e BRS Executivo dentro do grupo comercial especial. Na qualidade dos grãos, se destacaram as cultivares BRS Estilo no grupo comercial carioca e a BRS Embaixador no grupo comercial especial.In Brazil, there is a wide availability of bean cultivars of various commercial groups. In this sense, studies to evaluate the productive potential of genotypes are necessary to indicate of the best cultivars to the producers. The objective was to evaluate the agronomic and qualitative performance of bean cultivars of the carioca and special commercial groups and indicate the best genotypes within each group. The field experiment was conducted at Unesp, Jaboticabal, SP, in 2017 winter crop season. Ten common bean cultivars were used, five of them from the carioca commercial group: BRS Estilo, BRS MG Majestoso, BRS Ametista, BRS Notável e BRS Cometa and five from the special business group: BRS MG Realce, BRS Embaixador, BRS FC 305, BRS Executivo e BRS Ártico. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications. Results were subjected to analysis of variance (F-Test) and the means compared by Scott-Knott cluster test at 5% probability. For the agronomic performance characteristics, the cultivar BRSMG Majestoso stood out within the carioca commercial group and the BRS Embaixador and BRS Executivo cultivars within the special commercial group. In terms of grain quality, the cultivars BRS Estilo stood out in the commercial group and BRS Embaixador in the special commercial group.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

COMPONENTES DE PRODUÇÃO, PRODUTIVIDADE E ATRIBUTOS TECNOLÓGICOS DE CULTIVARES DE FEIJOEIRO DO GRUPO COMERCIAL CARIOCA

In the National Register of Cultivars of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply are registered about 350 cultivars of bean. Bean cultivars, in addition to adaptation to the growing site, should present productive potential and meet the consumers' demands regarding the qualitative attributes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production, productivity and qualitative attributes of bean cultivars of Carioca commercial group during the autumn-winter period, in order to obtain information on productive capacity and grain quality, with characteristics that meet the producers and also the consumers. The experimental design was a randomized block design, with 13 treatments and 4 replicates. The treatments consisted of the bean cultivars: Pérola, BRS Estilo, BRSMG Madrepérola, BRS Notável, IAC Alvorada, IAC Imperador, IAC Milênio, IPR 139 (Juriti Claro), IPR Andorinha, TAA Bola Cheia, TAA Dama, TAA Gol e ANfc 9. All common bean cultivars stood out for grain yield, but BRSMG Madrepérola, IAC Milênio, IAC Alvorada, TAA Dama, ANfc 9 and BRS Estilo obtained values ​​above the general average of 3,460 kg ha-1. The bean cultivars TAA Dama and BRS Estilo presented interesting characteristics in terms of productivity and grain quality, being suitable for both the producer and the consumer. The cultivars BRSMG Madrepérola, IAC Milênio, IAC Alvorada and ANfc 9 presented high productivity and technological quality of the grains, but with time for maximum hydration higher than that used in brazilian cuisine.No Registro Nacional de Cultivares do Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento estão registradas cerca de 350 cultivares de feijoeiro. As cultivares de feijoeiro, além da adaptação ao local de cultivo, devem apresentar potencial produtivo e atender as exigências dos consumidores quanto aos atributos qualitativos. O objetivo foi avaliar os componentes de produção, produtividade e atributos qualitativos de cultivares de feijoeiro do grupo comercial carioca no período de outono-inverno, visando obter informações referentes à capacidade produtiva e à qualidade dos grãos, com características que atendam os produtores e também aos consumidores. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com 13 tratamentos e 4 repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos pelas cultivares de feijoeiro: Pérola, BRS Estilo, BRSMG Madrepérola, BRS Notável, IAC Alvorada, IAC Imperador, IAC Milênio, IPR 139 (Juriti Claro), IPR Andorinha, TAA Bola Cheia, TAA Dama, TAA Gol e ANfc 9. Todas as cultivares de feijoeiro destacaram-se quanto a produtividade de grãos, porém BRSMG Madrepérola, IAC Milênio, IAC Alvorada, TAA Dama, ANfc 9 e BRS Estilo obtiveram valores acima da média geral de 3.460 kg ha-1. As cultivares de feijoeiro TAA Dama e BRS Estilo apresentaram características interessantes em termos de produtividade e qualidade dos grãos, sendo adequadas tanto para o produtor quanto ao consumidor. As cultivares BRSMG Madrepérola, IAC Milênio, IAC Alvorada e ANfc 9 apresentaram alta produtividade e qualidade tecnológica dos grãos, porém com tempo para a máxima hidratação superior ao utilizado na culinária brasileira

Agronomic performance of maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes under Azospirillum brasilense application and mineral fertilization: Agronomic performance of maize genotypes

Maize has a high nitrogen demand; as a result, more sustainable alternatives are needed to reduce demand for mineral fertilizers. This study aimed to evaluate and characterize the agronomic performance of maize genotypes submitted to topdressing nitrogen fertilization and inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense. An experiment was conducted in the second season of 2017, in Jaboticabal-SP (Brazil), using 48 maize genotypes in a randomized block design. Treatments consisted of: 1) application of 140 kg ha-1 nitrogen, using urea as mineral fertilizer; 2) A. brasilense inoculation via soil, at a rate of 600 mL ha-1, as biological fertilization. Grain yield and agronomic traits were evaluated. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (F-Test), means were compared by Scott-Knott test at 5% probability, and multivariate statistical analysis was performed by principal component analysis. A. brasilense inoculation via soil has a significant effect on female flowering, on the interaction between genotype versus N supply for Fusarium spp., and increases the maize grain yield; however, the responses of agronomic attributes vary with genotype. Highlights The inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense via soil increases maize grain yield, becoming viable and more sustainable alternative in the supply of nitrogen. The choice of the genotypes is an essential fator for the sucessful use of Azospirillum brasilense application or mineral fertilization, because the responses of agronomic attributes vary with the genotype. The most contrasting genotypes can be recombined in new stages of crossbreeding and selection, aiming at obtaining genotypes with greater yield potential in the use of Azospirillum brasilense inoculation. Further studies are needed to better understand this technology under conditions with different genotypes, soils and production systems.Maize has a high nitrogen demand; as a result, more sustainable alternatives are needed to reduce demand for mineral fertilizers. This study aimed to evaluate and characterize the agronomic performance of maize genotypes submitted to topdressing nitrogen fertilization and inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense. An experiment was conducted in the second season of 2017, in Jaboticabal-SP (Brazil), using 48 maize genotypes in a randomized block design. Treatments consisted of: 1) application of 140 kg ha-1 nitrogen, using urea as mineral fertilizer; 2) A. brasilense inoculation via soil, at a rate of 600 mL ha-1, as biological fertilization. Grain yield and agronomic traits were evaluated. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (F-Test), means were compared by Scott-Knott test at 5% probability, and multivariate statistical analysis was performed by principal component analysis. A. brasilense inoculation via soil has a significant effect on female flowering, on the interaction between genotype versus N supply for Fusarium spp., and increases the maize grain yield; however, the responses of agronomic attributes vary with genotype. Highlights The inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense via soil increases maize grain yield, becoming viable and more sustainable alternative in the supply of nitrogen. The choice of the genotypes is an essential fator for the sucessful use of Azospirillum brasilense application or mineral fertilization, because the responses of agronomic attributes vary with the genotype. The most contrasting genotypes can be recombined in new stages of crossbreeding and selection, aiming at obtaining genotypes with greater yield potential in the use of Azospirillum brasilense inoculation. Further studies are needed to better understand this technology under conditions with different genotypes, soils and production systems

Desempenho agronômico e qualitativo de cultivares de feijoeiro dos grupos comerciais carioca e especial na época de inverno

In Brazil, there is a wide availability of bean cultivars of various commercial groups. In this sense, studies to evaluate the productive potential of genotypes are necessary to indicate of the best cultivars to the producers. The objective was to evaluate the agronomic and qualitative performance of bean cultivars of the carioca and special commercial groups and indicate the best genotypes within each group. The field experiment was conducted at Unesp, Jaboticabal, SP, in 2017 winter crop season. Ten common bean cultivars were used, five of them from the carioca commercial group: BRS Estilo, BRS MG Majestoso, BRS Ametista, BRS Notável e BRS Cometa and five from the special business group: BRS MG Realce, BRS Embaixador, BRS FC 305, BRS Executivo e BRS Ártico. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications. Results were subjected to analysis of variance (F-Test) and the means compared by Scott-Knott cluster test at 5% probability. For the agronomic performance characteristics, the cultivar BRSMG Majestoso stood out within the carioca commercial group and the BRS Embaixador and BRS Executivo cultivars within the special commercial group. In terms of grain quality, the cultivars BRS Estilo stood out in the commercial group and BRS Embaixador in the special commercial group.No Brasil, existe uma ampla disponibilidade de cultivares de feijoeiro de vários grupos comerciais. Nesse sentido, estudos para avaliar o potencial produtivo dos genótipos são necessários para a indicação das melhores cultivares aos produtores. Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho agronômico e qualitativo de cultivares de feijoeiro dos grupos comerciais carioca e especial e indicar os melhores genótipos dentro de cada grupo. O experimento de campo foi conduzido na Unesp, Jaboticabal, SP, na safra de inverno de 2017. Foram utilizadas dez cultivares de feijoeiro comum, sendo cinco do grupo comercial carioca: BRS Estilo, BRS MG Majestoso, BRS Ametista, BRS Notável e BRS Cometa e cinco do grupo comercial especial: BRS MG Realce, BRS Embaixador, BRS FC 305, BRS Executivo e BRS Ártico. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância (Teste F) e as médias comparadas pelo teste de agrupamento de Scott-Knott a 5% de probabilidade. Para as características de desempenho agronômico, a cultivar BRS MG Majestoso se destacou dentro do grupo comercial carioca e as cultivares BRS Embaixador e BRS Executivo dentro do grupo comercial especial. Na qualidade dos grãos, se destacaram as cultivares BRS Estilo no grupo comercial carioca e a BRS Embaixador no grupo comercial especial

Desempenho agronômico e qualitativo de cultivares de feijoeiro dos grupos comerciais carioca e especial na época de inverno

No Brasil, existe uma ampla disponibilidade de cultivares de feijoeiro de vários grupos comerciais. Nesse sentido, estudos para avaliar o potencial produtivo dos genótipos são necessários para a indicação das melhores cultivares aos produtores. Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho agronômico e qualitativo de cultivares de feijoeiro dos grupos comerciais carioca e especial e indicar os melhores genótipos dentro de cada grupo. O experimento de campo foi conduzido na Unesp, Jaboticabal, SP, na safra de inverno de 2017. Foram utilizadas dez cultivares de feijoeiro comum, sendo cinco do grupo comercial carioca: BRS Estilo, BRS MG Majestoso, BRS Ametista, BRS Notável e BRS Cometa e cinco do grupo comercial especial: BRS MG Realce, BRS Embaixador, BRS FC 305, BRS Executivo e BRS Ártico. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância (Teste F) e as médias comparadas pelo teste de agrupamento de Scott-Knott a 5% de probabilidade. Para as características de desempenho agronômico, a cultivar BRS MG Majestoso se destacou dentro do grupo comercial carioca e as cultivares BRS Embaixador e BRS Executivo dentro do grupo comercial especial. Na qualidade dos grãos, se destacaram as cultivares BRS Estilo no grupo comercial carioca e a BRS Embaixador no grupo comercial especial