Proyecto de emprendimiento de un spa temático en la zona metropolitana de Guadalajara

El presente trabajo analiza la viabilidad de un proyecto de emprendimiento de un spa temático en la zona metropolitana de Guadalajara. Esta propuesta aporta características especiales e innovadores en este tipo de servicios

Structural and magnetic properties of amorphous Co-W alloyed nanoparticles

18 páginas, 20 figuras, 4 tablas.-- PACS number(s): 75.75.Fk, 75.50.Kj, 75.30.Gw, 61.46.Df.-- et al.et al.W-capped Co nanoparticles dispersed in an alumina matrix are studied by means of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, extended x-ray absorption fine structure, SQUID-based magnetic measurements, dc magnetization, ac magnetic susceptibility, and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. Results show the formation of amorphous Co-W alloy nanoparticles, the magnetic properties of which are modified by the amount of W or Co present in the samples. The average Co magnetic moment depends on the number of W atoms surrounding it. Co-W particles show superparamagnetic behavior and are described as an array of noninteracting particles with random anisotropy axes and an average moment per particle proportional to the particle volume and to the average Co moment for each alloy composition. Values of the magnetic anisotropy constant of the particles are on the order of 106 erg/cm3, higher than that of bulk Co. Evidence of short-range ordering within each amorphous particle is found that provides insight of the origin of their magnetic anisotropy.The financial support of MICINN-FEDER MAT08/1077 and Aragonese IMANA project is acknowledged. A.I.F. acknowledges a CSIC JAE2008-Predoc grant.Peer reviewe

Morphology and magnetic properties of W-capped Co nanoparticles

3 páginas, 3 figuras, 2 tablas.-- et al.Co–W nanoparticles formed by sequential sputtering of Co on amorphous alumina substrate and subsequent W capping are studied by high resolution and by scanning transmission electron microscopies, and by superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry. The analysis is focused on W nominal thickness dependence. Results suggest the formation of amorphous Co–W alloy nanoparticles, whose magnetic moment per Co atom is systematically reduced as the nominal thickness of W capping layer increases. The Co–W nanoparticles show superparamagnetic behavior. The activation energy for moment reversal and the effective anisotropy are obtained.The financial support of MAT08/1077 is acknowledged. A. I. Figueroa acknowledges a JAE-Predoc grant.Peer reviewe

A Cross-Sectional Study of Prisoners in Mexico City Comparing Prevalence of Transmissible Infections and Chronic Diseases with That in the General Population.

ObjectivesTo describe patterns of transmissible infections, chronic illnesses, socio-demographic characteristics and risk behaviors in Mexico City prisons, including in comparison to the general population, to identify those currently needing healthcare and inform policy.Materials and methodsA cross-sectional study among 17,000 prisoners at 4 Mexico City prisons (June to December 2010). Participation was voluntary, confidential and based on informed consent. Participants were tested for HIV, Hepatitis B & C, syphilis, hypertension, obesity, and, if at risk, glucose and cholesterol. A subset completed a questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics and risk behaviors. Positive results were delivered with counseling and treatment or referral.Results76.8% (15,517/20,196) of men and 92.9% (1,779/1,914) of women participated. Complete data sets were available for 98.8%. The following prevalence data were established for transmissible infections: HIV 0.7%; syphilis: Anti-TP+/VDRL+ 2.0%; Hepatitis B: HBcAb 2.8%, HBsAg 0.15%; Anti-HCV 3.2%. Obesity: 9.5% men, 33.8% women. Compared with national age- and sex-matched data, the relative prevalence was greater for HIV and syphilis among women, HIV and Hepatitis C in men, and all infections in younger participants. Obesity prevalence was similar for women and lower among male participants. The prevalence of previously diagnosed diabetes and hypertension was lower. Questionnaire data (1,934 men, 520 women) demonstrated lower educational levels, increased smoking and substance use compared to national data. High levels of non-sterile tattooing, physical abuse and histories of sexual violence were found.ConclusionThe study identified that health screening is acceptable to Mexico City prisoners and feasible on a large-scale. It demonstrated higher prevalence of HIV and other infections compared to national data, though low rates compared to international data. Individual participants benefited from earlier diagnosis, treatment and support. The data collected will also enable the formulation of improved policy for this vulnerable group

Magnetic anisotropy of maghemite nanoparticles probed by RF transverse susceptibility

We present radio frequency magnetic transverse susceptibility measurements on γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles, which yield an estimation of their effective anisotropy constant, Keff as a function of nanoparticle size. The resulting values range from 4 to 8 × 104 erg/cm3, being on the order of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy in bulk maghemite. Keff values increase as the particle diameter increases. Evidences of anisotropy field distribution given by the size distribution in the samples, and interparticle interactions that increase as the particle size increases, are also observed in the TS measurements. The effects of such interparticle interaction overcome those of thermal fluctuations, in contrast with the behavior of other iron oxide particles.The financial support of the Spanish MINECO MAT2011-23791, MAT2014-53921-R, and MAT2014-54975-R and Aragonese DGA-IMANA E34 and M4 projects is acknowledged.Peer Reviewe

A short-term data based water consumption prediction approach

A smart water network consists of a large number of devices that measure a wide range of parameters present in distribution networks in an automatic and continuous way. Among these data, you can find the flow, pressure, or totalizer measurements that, when processed with appropriate algorithms, allow for leakage detection at an early stage. These algorithms are mainly based on water demand forecasting. Different approaches for the prediction of water demand are available in the literature. Although they present successful results at different levels, they have two main drawbacks: the inclusion of several seasonalities is quite cumbersome, and the fitting horizons are not very large. With the aim of solving these problems, we present the application of pattern similarity-based techniques to the water demand forecasting problem. The use of these techniques removes the need to determine the annual seasonality and, at the same time, extends the horizon of prediction to 24 h. The algorithm has been tested in the context of a real project for the detection and location of leaks at an early stage by means of demand forecasting, and good results were obtained, which are also presented in this paper.publishersversionpublishe

Hábitos alimentarios de la raya de cola corta, Bathyraja brachyurops (Chondrichthyes, Rajidae), en el Atlántico Sudoccidental

Food habits of Bathyraja brachyurops were studied based on stomach content analyses of 346 specimens collected from research cruises carried out from 2003 to 2005 on the Argentinean continental shelf (36ºS-55ºS). A total of 265 stomachs (76.6%) contained food, and thirty-five taxonomic levels of prey were identified. The most important prey were fishes followed by isopods. Trophic level analysis revealed that B. brachyurops is a tertiary consumer throughout its life history. There were no differences between sexes and regions in the diet composition, but dietary shifts with ontogeny were found. The Levins’ standardized index indicated wider niche breadth for small skates, whereas larger skate specimens showed a narrow niche breadth with a specialization in fishes.Se estudiaron los hábitos alimentarios de Bathyraja brachyurops en base al análisis de los contenidos estomacales de 346 ejemplares capturados en campañas de investigación realizadas durante el periodo 2003-2005 sobre la plataforma continental Argentina (36ºS-55ºS). Un total de 265 estómagos (76.6%) contenían alimento en los cuales se identificaron treinta y cinco ítems presa. Las presas más importantes fueron los peces, seguidos por los isópodos, ubicando a B. brachyurops como un consumidor terciario a lo largo de toda su historia de vida. No se hallaron diferencias en la composición de la dieta entre sexos y regiones, sin embargo se apreciaron cambios ontogenéticos en la alimentación. El índice de Levins’ estandarizado indicó una mayor amplitud de nicho para las rayas de menor tamaño, mientras que los ejemplares de mayor tamaño mostraron una menor amplitud de nicho trófico y una especialización ictiófaga

Lethal and Sublethal Effects on Tamarixia triozae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), an Ectoparasitoid of Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae), of Three Insecticides Used on Solanaceous Crops

Lethal and sublethal effects of refined soybean oil, imidacloprid, and abamectin on Tamarixia triozae (Burks;Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) were assessed after exposure of the eggs, larvae, and pupae of this parasitoid to three concentrations of these active substances: the LC50 for fourth-instar Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc.; Hemiptera: Triozidae)and 50% and 100% of the minimum field-registered concentration (MiFRC). Soybean oil caused 26?61% mortality in T. triozae eggs and 6?19% in larvae; mortality in both eggs and larvae was ≤19% for imidacloprid and 4?100% for abamectin. All three compounds caused <18% mortality of T. triozae pupae, with the exception of the abamectin 50% (47%) and 100% (72%) MiFRC. The mortality of larvae and pupae derived from treated eggs was ≤39% for all three insecticides, and that of pupae derived from treated larvae was ≤10%. In general, emergence of adults developed from treated eggs, larvae, and pupae was affected more by abamectin than by the other treatments. The proportion of females derived from all three development stages was not affected by treatment with the compounds, except when the parasitoid was treated as larvae with the soybean oil 100 and 50% MiFRC (66 and 68%, respectively) or when treated as pupae with the imidacloprid LC50 and 100% MiFRC (~60%). Female longevity was generally higher than that of males. The use of imidacloprid, soybean oil, and abamectin in combination with T. triozae for pest control may be effective when the parasitoid is in the pupal stage because this stage is less susceptible than other immature stages.Fil: Morales Sinue I. Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestale; MéxicoFil: Martinez, Ana Mabel. Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestale; MéxicoFil: Viñuela, Elisa. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos de Madrid; EspañaFil: Chavarrieta, Juan M. Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestale; MéxicoFil: Figueroa, Jorge Isaac. Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales; MéxicoFil: Schneider, Marcela Inés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; ArgentinaFil: Tamayo, Fernando. Centro de Sanidad Vegetal de Guanajuato; MéxicoFil: Pineda, Samuel. Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestale; Méxic

Strings in flat space and pp waves from N=4{\cal N}=4 Super Yang Mills

We explain how the string spectrum in flat space and pp-waves arises from the large $N$ limit, at fixed $g^2_{YM}$, of U(N) ${\cal N} =4$ super Yang Mills. We reproduce the spectrum by summing a subset of the planar Feynman diagrams. We give a heuristic argument for why we can neglect other diagrams. We also discuss some other aspects of pp-waves and we present a matrix model associated to the DLCQ description of the maximally supersymmetric eleven dimensional pp-waves.Comment: 36 pages, 5 figures. v3: minor typos corrected, references adde

Lethal and Sublethal Effects on Tamarixia triozae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), an Ectoparasitoid of <i>Bactericera cockerelli</i> (Hemiptera: Triozidae), of Three Insecticides Used on Solanaceous Crops

Lethal and sublethal effects of refined soybean oil, imidacloprid, and abamectin on Tamarixia triozae (Burks; Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) were assessed after exposure of the eggs, larvae, and pupae of this parasitoid to three concentrations of these active substances: the LC50 for fourth-instar Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc.; Hemiptera: Triozidae)and 50% and 100% of the minimum field-registered concentration (MiFRC). Soybean oil caused 26-61% mortality in T. triozae eggs and 6-19% in larvae; mortality in both eggs and larvae was ≤19% for imidacloprid and 4-100% for abamectin. All three compounds caused T. triozae pupae, with the exception of the abamectin 50% (47%) and 100% (72%) MiFRC. The mortality of larvae and pupae derived from treated eggs was ≤39% for all three insecticides, and that of pupae derived from treated larvae was ≤10%. In general, emergence of adults developed from treated eggs, larvae, and pupae was affected more by abamectin than by the other treatments. The proportion of females derived from all three development stages was not affected by treatment with the compounds, except when the parasitoid was treated as larvae with the soybean oil 100 and 50% MiFRC (66 and 68%, respectively) or when treated as pupae with the imidacloprid LC50 and 100% MiFRC (~60%). Female longevity was generally higher than that of males. The use of imidacloprid, soybean oil, and abamectin in combination with T. triozae for pest control may be effective when the parasitoid is in the pupal stage because this stage is less susceptible than other immature stages.Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectore